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Labor Market Transformation in the Context of the Digitalization of the Economy
No full textThe purpose of the study was to identify key trends that determine the structural and qualitative changes in the labor market in a crisis state of the economy after exposure to coronavirus and intensifying business digitalization processes at the same time. In the course of the study, the tasks of analyzed factors that influence the transformation of the labor market in the context of digitalization are considered. The authors identify the problems of training specialists in universities based on the active use of online education tools. Particular attention is paid to the search for optimal tools for the interaction of business and public authorities in the preparation of university graduates in demand for various sectors of the economy. During the study methods of comparison, generalization, grouping, as well as comparative and statistical data analysis are used to reveal the features of labor market transformation in the context of business digitalization. The main result of the authors’ paper is the development of guidelines for the effective interaction of universities, business and public authorities in the preparation of specialists demanded by the labor market who have digital competencies for working in a transforming business
Problems of using the international statistical classification of diseases (Icd-10) in coding morbidity and mortality
No full textOne of the important and actual problems of Russian health care is the low quality of statistical data obtained when using the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD-10) when coding morbidity and mortality. A review of publications revealed that problems in the preparation of medical documentation associated with the registration of causes of death and diseases are caused by a large number of organizational, methodological, administrative, and economic factors. The main way to increase the reliability of statistical data along with increasing the level of competence of medical workers in the correct use of ICD-10 is the introduction of automated systems with a decision support function
The ‘Smart city’ concept and its implementors: On the way to the information control in Volgograd Russia
No full textThe importance of implementing digital technologies and creating “smart cities” that limit social contacts without causing significant damage to urban management has become evident during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research is based on results obtained from the inquiry of state and municipal servants of Volgograd region as the main implementors of the “smart city” concept. This region occupies middle positions in different regional ratings, that is why it can be considered as typical, taking into account its characteristics. The study is based on data gathered from processing enquiry results using the principle component method. It is based on a cluster sampling method covering workers from different state and municipal departments. Accordingly, the factors causing the current need for developing digital technologies in social management are determined. The findings reveal contradiction in goals achieved within ‘smart city’ development. It is concluded, by comparing our findings with earlier published data, that problems within the scope of improper city infrastructure and its improvement in social management transformation are common. These are caused by the state and municipal workers’ limited competencies, namely insufficient digital skills, and the ‘passive publicity’ of the population. Therefore, the scope of functions of state and municipal servants must be changed to facilitate the transition to a ‘smart city’
Improving the assessment of the tourism potential of the Russian arctic
No full textThe development of the domestic tourism market, including the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation, is important for overcoming the consequences of the economic crisis caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. A comprehensive and reliable methodology for assessing the tourism potential is necessary for effective decision making and attracting tourists. Based on the analysis of international and Russian experience of assessing tourist destinations, we identified the shortcomings of the existing methods and substantiated the necessity of a nuanced approach to assessing the tourism potential of regions using authors' balanced scorecard. Our methodology relies on the balanced approach, demonstrating the compliance of the assessment results with the interests of tourism stakeholders. The developed method considers information needs and main interests of tourists, business representatives, regional population and authorities. Based on key parameters of the tourism potential of the Arctic zone, we defined the structure of the balanced scorecard (economic, infrastructural and cultural-natural aspects) using systems and structural-functional analysis. Further, using the multivariate mean (with target values of indicators as a standardised coefficient), we calculated integral indicators, eliminating the influence of dynamics of other regions on the assessment results. Structural and comparative analysis of a matrix of integral indicators allowed us to examine the dynamics of the tourism potential of the Russian Arctic and ways to improve it (on the example of Arkhangelsk oblast). Correlation analysis of the relations between the tourism potential and tourist flows within a time lag confirms the reliability of the developed methodology. Research results can be used by authorities managing the Russian Arctic for identifying the ways to increase its tourism potential
Massive shift of schools towards distance learning in the estimates of a local pedagogical community
No full textIntroduction. In spring 2020, Russia, as all other countries around the world, faced the challenge of massive shift of schools to online learning. This shift revealed the lack of existing empirical data on technological and instructional readiness of the local teaching communities to such learning format. Having regulatory and platform capacities for distance education at the national level, there was a widening gap between local teaching communities regarding their facilities and readiness to transform traditional learning process. Aim. This research is aimed at defining the attitude of teachers to the shift to distance learning, as well as their estimates of its potential for the learning process. Methodology and research methods. The current research is based on the ideas of innovation and technology acceptance, as well as planed behaviour that have been suggested by F. Davis, T. Guskey, M. Fishbein and I. Ajzen, and R. Puentedura. The research materials were collected via a survey completed by 239 learners of the online upskilling programme “Digitization of the educational process”. The survey was conducted in March-April 2020. Texts collected for the open-ended questions in the survey were subjected to the content analysis. Results. Judging from the survey results, local teaching communities multiplied their usage of online platforms and other e-learning technologies (messaging services, videoconferencing, etc.). Teachers highly evaluated their technological and instructional competencies for distance learning as early as in April 2020, while they perceived their pupils' readiness to such learning as moderate. At the same time, teachers moderately valued the state's contribution into the support of schools when they shift into massive distance learning, and showed significant interest in the non-state educational platforms. The majority of teachers believe that digital educational technologies are sufficient for high-quality teaching of their disciplines and achieving their learning objectives. The survey results demonstrated significant internal potential of the regional education system for a change, technological and instructional development. Scientific novelty consists of a deep analysis of a specific local pedagogical community, based on the collection of material about the reflection of school staff on technological and methodological changes in education specifically in the period of active transformational changes. A high internal potential of the local pedagogical community for transformation on the basis of operational empirical measurements has been recorded. Practical significance. The present research shows that respondents, who perform remote teaching during the Covid-19 quarantine, perceive digital technologies as approachable, helpful and already date-to-date tools; the regional teachers proved to be self-reflexing and flexible. The deficits and growing points that the teachers defined, should be used to navigate the actions of the decision makers responsible for distance learning at school during and after the quarantine
Possible zinc deficiency in the Serbian population: examination of body fluids, whole blood and solid tissues
No full textStudies indicate that the soil, water and consequently foodstuffs in Serbia are significantly poor in zinc (Zn), and thus, it is likely that there is a Zn deficiency in the Serbian population. This study examined the Zn status in multiple clinical samples, including body fluids (serum, cerebrospinal fluid), whole blood and Zn-rich solid tissues (thyroid and brain tissue). Differences between sex and age were also considered, and comparative analysis of Zn status with other world populations was performed. Serum samples from a large number of Serbian adults approximately had twofold lower Zn amounts when compared to other populations. A similar trend was obtained for whole blood. Males had significantly higher amounts of Zn in serum, whole blood and thyroid tissue samples than females. Higher amounts of Zn were observed in the group older than 50 years. Importantly, in thyroid and brain tissues, Zn was 10- and 20-fold lower, respectively, than reported in the literature. Our results indicate that the population in Serbia could be considered Zn deficient. Therefore, adequate oral Zn supplementation and/or foodstuff fortification should be considered to prevent the deleterious effects caused by Zn deficiency
Agent-based approach to hybrid modeling queuing systems
No full textNowadays, the study of the behavior of social, economic, and technical queuing systems at different stages of their design and operation is a challenge for simulation modeling. The complexity of the dynamic structure of such systems is owing to a number of factors. Among them are a large number of system characteristics and relations between them, the existence of a large spectrum of distribution laws of random events, the need to collect and analyze current data on the system under study, and the presence of various constraints. Moreover, relations can be represented by functional, statistical, ambiguous, or other mappings. Unfortunately, simulation modeling tools are not widespread in designing and applying business processes, unlike other products of information and computation technologies (system of the office administration, warehouse management, etc.). In this regard, we present an approach to developing web-service for simulation modeling of queuing systems. Within the approach, we automate some stages of web-service development and use. To this end, we apply tools that support distributed computing with parameter variations in a heterogeneous environment, which includes virtualized resources. We provide a multi-agent management of computations. The practical use of the tools is shown on the example of developing a web-service for simulation modeling of a typical health and care institution
Improvement of Art Creative Skills by the Means of Signature Pedagogy in Online Musical Education
No full textThe paper introduces the possibilities of online musical education based on signature pedagogy as a main trend of research work. Facing COVID19 Emergency in Higher Education stated the challenge that required to design new methods in teaching and learning specially in musical education include the process of training performance skills. The methodological basis of the research was the signature pedagogy as a reflection of the way of thinking as a professional for establishing the most progressive methods of learning for future music teachers. The data were collected from the online resource in Kazan Federal University such as students’ essays, musical instrumental performance for quantitative data and feedback of students for qualitative data. Based on the results of research work were concluded that the implementation of signature pedagogy approach in musical education by the means of methods of critique and activation of creative potential through the online format allows to improve the piano class educational process and in particularly the development of students’ performance skills
Labor productivity in the non-resource sectors of the Russian economy: What determines firm-level growth?
No full textThe study discusses underlying factors of labor productivity in firms of basic non-resource industries of the Russian economy and considers the role of innovation and investment activity, human capital development, competitive environment and government support. The data is based on the results of a survey of managers of 713 companies in basic non-resource industries (manufacturing, agriculture, transport, construction). We find high level of divergence of firm productivity at the industry level. We show that higher level of productivity is accompanied with investments in human capital, in fixed assets, as well as the use of digital technologies, but we do not find that higher productivity is accompanied by innovations and expenditures on research and development. We show that productivity growth is combined not only with investment, but also with innovative activity (process innovations) and R&D expenditures. The driver of productivity growth is the private sector: the increase in productivity is driven by firms serving the demand of private medium and large companies. Competitive environment is another factor: moderate competition with import (which acts as a stimulus for innovations of Russian companies) is a condition for the productivity growth
Resource management of political influence during crisis
No full textThe article discusses approaches to crisis management based on the resources of political influence. The research is based on a dynamic model of resources of political influence, which includes the main resources of trust and competence, which, in turn, allow mobilizing and optimal distributing of material resources. The importance of resources of political influence in various aspects and at various stages of crisis management and anti-crisis communications has been demonstrated. On the basis of a systematic approach to the development of social systems, the features of the processes of substitution and compensation of resources in the conditions of crisis dynamics of the system are analyzed. Possibilities of concentration of power resources in crisis conditions are considered. The perspective of modern approaches to public management based on information, data and knowledge management and based on social intelligence is revealed. The study was conducted on the material of individual nuclear cities during the first wave of the spread of the new coronavirus infection