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Dependence of seasonal dynamics of hemorrhagic and ischemic strokes on the climate of a region: A meta-analysis
No full textBackground: Cardiovascular events occur more often in winter than in summer; however, the dependence of strokes on various meteorological factors remains unclear. Aims: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to determine the dependence of the circannual dynamics of hospitalizations for hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke on seasonal fluctuations in meteorological factors. Summary of review and conclusions: For our meta-analysis, we selected 20 and 26 publications examining the seasonal dynamics of hemorrhagic stroke and ischemic stroke, respectively. The meta-analysis showed that hemorrhagic stroke is less likely to occur in summer than in other seasons and does not depend on a region’s climate. The seasonal dynamics of ischemic stroke are not clearly expressed and are determined by the characteristics of a region’s climate. In a climate without pronounced seasonal dynamics of atmospheric pressure and in wet winters, the vector of ischemic stroke incidents will not be expressed or slightly shifted toward winter. Low atmospheric pressure in summer is associated with an increased likelihood of ischemic stroke during this season compared to winter. There was also a relation between ischemic stroke risk with high relative humidity and a significant decrease in ρO in summer, but there is not enough evidence regarding this association. We did not reveal dependence of the seasonal dynamics of strokes on the amplitude of annual fluctuations in air temperature.
Psychotherapeutic Treatment for Psychosocial Concerns Related to Food Allergy: Current Treatment Approaches and Unmet Needs
No full textPsychosocial concerns, such as anxiety and decreased quality of life, are common among patients with food allergy and their caregivers. There is evidence that childhood anxiety disorders are at the outset of a “cascade of psychopathology,” highlighting the importance of early recognition and treatment. Provision of psychological services is needed, beginning with a thorough assessment of food allergy–related quality of life, subjective perceptions of food allergy severity, and environmental factors. Implementation of patient-centered cognitive-behavioral, medical coping, and motivational interviewing strategies may promote healthy food allergy management and adjustment. We present 2 cases, a mother of a young child with food allergy and a young boy preparing for oral immunotherapy treatment, who received psychological services for food allergy–related anxiety. For each, treatment resulted in decreased anxiety and improved food allergy management/oral immunotherapy treatment engagement. We also discuss unmet food allergy–related psychosocial needs, including the lack of food allergy–specific anxiety measures, psychosocial domains that warrant investigation (trauma, feeding concerns), development of supportive interventions for patients engaging in allergen immunotherapy, and the lack of adequate mental health providers with food allergy expertise
Network of gold conjugates for enhanced sensitive immunochromatographic assays of troponins
No full textHighly sensitive detection of cardiac troponins I and T (cTnI and cTnT) was completed by immunochromatography with double amplification, through the binding of functionalized gold nanoparticles (GNPs). The robust nature of the approach, based on the formation of nanoparticle networks through the biotin-streptavidin interaction, was confirmed; the choice of the best assay parameters for maximal increase in ICA sensitivity was demonstrated. A bifunctional conjugate of GNPs with biotinylated specific IgG and two auxiliary conjugates, GNP-biotin and GNP-streptavidin, form three-component aggregates in the analytical zone of the test strip. The inclusion of abundant gold labels in the resulting immune complex leads to an amplified colorimetric signal. The limits of detection (LoDs) of cTnI and cTnT were 0.9 and 0.4 ng mL-1, respectively, which is 3 times lower than the LoDs of more commonly used systems. Visual LoDs were 10-fold lower in concentration. The enhancement has been realized both in single and double assay formats; analysis of cTnI and cTnT presented the same characteristics. This journal i
Trees and shrubs of native flora in green areas of the South-East coast of the Crimea
No full textThe article examines species of native dendroflora in parks and other green areas of the South-Eastern coast of the Crimea. Those of them that are often used are considered, as well as rare one. The oldest woody aborigines in the parks of the region are identified, and their morphometric data are given. The work also considers neophytes of the Crimean flora (cedars, cypresses, pines), that emphasize the Mediterranean character of the local landscapes. Special attention we have paid to species with regional and state conservation status. Cultivating them in gardens and parks will serve as an additional measure to preserve them. We proposed species of native trees and shrubs with good ornamental properties and suitable for the soil and climatic conditions of the region. Thus, we expand their species diversity in cultural cenosis. Their physiognomic correspondence to local picturesque landscapes is important. Artificial green spaces play an important role in the conservation of biodiversity, as well as rare protected species of the Crimean flora. The preservation of artificial green zones should correspond with the general concept of nature protection in the region
Environmental security and sustainable development of large urban centres
No full textOur article focuses on the environmental security and sustainable development of large urban centres. In addition, it analyses the demographic and ecological situation in the Russian Federation in order to determine the environmental influence of the social and economic factors as well as the factors of development and growth of large urban hubs. The results demonstrate that there exists a necessity to increase the environmental security in order to foster the sustainable development in the regions and urban centres that would lead to the better satisfaction with the level of life, lower mortality, and growing economic well-being. All of these can be achieved using balanced state support and policies targeted at increasing environmental security and creation of the sustainable future for the generation to come
Impact of COVID-19 on the production and consumption of agricultural food
No full textAccording to the United Nations, the consequences of the coronavirus pandemic are unique and their further development is unpredictable, which in turn makes planning the economy difficult. The coronavirus pandemic has had an impact on the development of the food market, changes in the functioning of all its components will continue significantly, but to a greater extent this will affect the interaction between producers and consumers, as well as their economic condition. One of the ways to reduce the negative consequences of the coronavirus pandemic is their informed assessment. This assessment, first of all, should include an analysis of the economic condition of producers and consumers of food products, taking into account the main factors of negative impact on their economic condition. This article proposes a methodological approach that includes an algorithm for studying changes in supply and demand for food products as a consequence of the impact of the coronavirus pandemic. Using the proposed methodological approach, the authors conducted a sociological survey of citizens living in the Irkutsk region, as a result of which the main consequences of the coronavirus pandemic, affecting the formation of demand for food, were identified, as well as the method of expert assessments identified problems and possible ways to overcome them among manufacturers
Sleep quality and physical activity as predictors of mental wellbeing variance in older adults during covid-19 lockdown: Eclb covid-19 international online survey
No full textBackground. The COVID-19 lockdown could engender disruption to lifestyle behaviors, thus impairing mental wellbeing in the general population. This study investigated whether socio-demographic variables, changes in physical activity, and sleep quality from pre-to during lockdown were predictors of change in mental wellbeing in quarantined older adults. Methods. A 12-week international online survey was launched in 14 languages on 6 April 2020. Forty-one research insti-tutions from Europe, Western-Asia, North-Africa, and the Americas, promoted the survey. The survey was presented in a differential format with questions related to responses “pre” and “during” the lockdown period. Participants responded to the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Wellbeing Scale, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire, and the short form of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results. Replies from older adults (aged >55 years, n = 517), mainly from Europe (50.1%), Western-Asia (6.8%), America (30%), and North-Africa (9.3%) were analyzed. The COVID-19 lockdown led to significantly decreased mental wellbeing, sleep quality, and total physical activity energy expenditure levels (all p < 0.001). Regression analysis showed that the change in total PSQI score and total physical activity energy expenditure (F(2, 514) = 66.41 p < 0.001) were significant predictors of the decrease in mental wellbeing from pre-to during lockdown (p < 0.001, R : 0.20). Conclusion. COVID-19 lockdown deleteriously affected physical activity and sleep patterns. Furthermore, change in the total PSQI score and total physical activity energy expenditure were significant predictors for the decrease in mental wellbeing.
Ubiquitous vehicular ad-hoc network computing using deep neural network with iot-based bat agents for traffic management
No full textIn this paper, Deep Neural Networks (DNN) with Bat Algorithms (BA) offer a dynamic form of traffic control in Vehicular Adhoc Networks (VANETs). The former is used to route vehicles across highly congested paths to enhance efficiency, with a lower average latency. The latter is combined with the Internet of Things (IoT) and it moves across the VANETs to analyze the traffic congestion status between the network nodes. The experimental analysis tests the effectiveness of DNN-IoT-BA in various machine or deep learning algorithms in VANETs. DNN-IoT-BA is validated through various network metrics, like packet delivery ratio, latency and packet error rate. The simulation results show that the proposed method provides lower energy consumption and latency than conventional methods to support real-time traffic conditions
Phytochemical properties, biological activities and medicinal use of Centaurium erythraea Rafn
No full textEthnopharmacological relevance: Centaurium erythraea is an important medicinal plant in many countries, e.g. Morocco, Algeria, Italy, Spain, Portugal, and countries of Balkan Peninsula. It is used in folk medicine to treat various illnesses. It is also used as an antiapoplectic, anticoagulant, anticholagogue, antipneumonic, hematocathartic, and as a hypotensive agent. Aim of the review: In this review, previous reports on the taxonomy, botanical description, geographic distribution, ethnomedicinal applications, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and toxicity of Centaurium erythraea were critically summarized. Materials and methods: Scientific search engines including PubMed, ScienceDirect, SpringerLink, Web of Science, Scopus, Wiley Online, SciFinder, and Google Scholar were consulted to collect data on C. erythraea. The data presented in this work summarized the main reports on C. erythraea phytochemical compounds, ethnomedicinal uses, and pharmacological activities. Results: C. erythraea is used in traditional medicine to treat various diseases such as diabetes, fever, rhinitis, stomach ailments, urinary tract infections, dyspeptic complaints, loss of appetite, and hemorrhoids, and as diuretic. The essential oils and extracts of C. erythraea exhibited numerous biological properties such as antibacterial, antioxidant, antifungal, antileishmanial, anticancer, antidiabetic, anti-inflammatory, insecticidal, diuretic, gastroprotective, hepatoprotective, dermatoprotective, neuroprotective, and inhibitory agent for larval development. Phytochemical characterization of C. erythraea revealed the presence of several classes of secondary metabolites such as xanthonoids, terpenoids, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and fatty acids. Conclusions: Ethnomedicinal studies demonstrated the use of C. erythraea for the treatment of various disorders. Pharmacological reports showed that C. erythraea especially its aerial parts and roots exhibited potent, and beneficial activities. These findings confirmed the link between the traditional medicinal use and the results of the scientific biological experiments. Considering these results, further investigation using diverse in vivo pharmacological assays are strongly recommended to validate the results of its traditional use. Toxicological tests and pharmacokinetic studies are also required to validate the safety and efficacy of C. erythraea and its bioactive contents