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Modeling the innovative component of sustainable development of oil and gas enterprises. The case of PJSC ROSNEFT
No full textPJSC ROSNEFT is a member of the UN Global Compact since 2010 and supports the UN Sustainable Development Goals. In the Strategies-2022 (2030), important directions are recorded in which PJSC ROSNEFT will develop. A significant place in them is given to innovative development as an important component of sustainable development. The corporation set a new record in Russia for oil production in 2019 thanks to these developments – 560.3 million tons – and did not go broke in 2020. In our work, we will conduct a study of the innovative component of the corporation's sustainable development in 2004-2020. To this end, the materials of annual and consolidated reports, programs of sustainable and innovative development for 2004-2020 were studied. The Eviews10 econometrics software was used to carry out econometric modeling. The work shows that the obtained linear model is adequate and can be used for predictive calculations for the short term. The exponential model turned out to be inadequate for calculations. The article notes that epidemics, oil and gas wars, geopolitical contradictions have significantly reduced the rate of economic growth of PJSC ROSNEFT. The corporation will have to adjust its sustainable and innovative development programs to reduce costs, stop falling income and return to the previous level of development
Technologies for government regulation of the fight against the pandemic Covid-19: global trends and Russian practices
No full textResearch background The fight against the pandemic has become not only a field for implementing medical efforts to counter the disease, but also an arena for identifying government (as well as corporate) technologies for effective management. Sad circumstances make it more urgent to compare the potential of state systems in the face of force majeure. They re-highlight the role of public confidence to their government as a factor of readiness to switch to a regime of strict self-restraint. Again, an analysis of social and economic investment clearly shows the true priorities of governments. It is clear that it is too early to draw conclusions, the fight against the epidemic is far from complete, but a number of major comparative studies have been launched, and scientists publish studies describing the situation in their countries. Purpose of the article: to show the role of science as a factor that implements the trends of globalization; to identify the main global models of government measures, comparing them in terms of impact effectiveness: to give some parameters that characterize Russian model, outlining legislative and organizational innovations in its public administration. Methods The article is based on the data-driven approach, which allows you to compare measures applied by governments of different countries, including Russia. Findings & Value added The publication identifies at least four general global trends and some models, reflecting national features in basic technologies. In addition, the article describes the organizational features (governing bodies and the adopted special laws) of Russia
The Mythologeme “Coronavirus” in the Modern Mass Media News in Europe and Asia
No full textThe article analyzes the impact of nominations in the media discourse on the coronavirus on the public consciousness of Europe and Asia. The authors consider the historical, sociological, and psycholinguistic aspects of the use of names in texts about the coronavirus, identify the features of the impact of such texts on the reader and determine the target orientation of such texts. Hypothesis: names in news reports about coronavirus in modern news discourse in conditions of quarantine and self-isolation act as triggers that unite different strata of society, creating a hologram of a single mental space, actualizing archetypal images of the confrontation between Good and Evil. Particular attention is paid to the connection between ethno-confessional myths and ideas about the coronavirus in the public consciousness, their involvement in information wars. The methodology for the analysis of names is standard; it includes sociolinguistic, structural, and semantic analysis, evaluative, motivational, target analysis, etc. The study helps to understand linguistic universals in the transmission of psycho-emotional moods in a stressful situation in a pandemic. The article will be of interest to specialists in the field of linguistics, sociology, political science, psycholog
The formation of state capitalism models in the oil industry: Russia and the world
No full textIn modern conditions, issues related to the effectiveness of the regulation of the oil industry by the state are becoming increasingly important. In January 2018, the World Economic Forum was held in Davos, at which, in particular, the impact of the growth of protectionist trends in the global trade in hydrocarbons and the impact of climate change on the planet on the export of hydrocarbons was noted. As a result of the forum, the key ways of adjusting the policy of states in the relevant area were identified. At the same time, a significant number of states are already seeing the process of changing state regulation of the industry. Given the current crisis situation associated with the coronavirus pandemic, an increasing number of private enterprises are coming under state control, which gives rise to new discussions about the renaissance of the so-called state capitalism.. In this article, the authors examined country specific features, as well as various concepts of the formation and development of state capitalism in the oil industry
Between Russia and China: Central Asia in Greater Eurasia
No full textCentral Asian states are usually considered as passive elements rather than active agents of integration in Greater Eurasia. This article considers the role of these states as active agents shaping integration processes according to their own interests and perspectives. All Central Asian states conduct so-called “multivector” foreign policies balancing relations with the key great powers (Russia, China, and “collective West”) as well as with Middle Eastern and South Asian nations. From their point of view, the ideal formula for Greater Eurasia should include the entire continent. However, the current geopolitical situation in the world turns integration of Central Asian nations with Russia and China into the only available option. Political and military integration with Russia within the CSTO as well as economic integration with Russia within the Eurasian Economic Union are key elements of this. The SCO is also very important as the key structure shaping regional security system. The general framework for the construction of Greater Eurasia including Russia, China, and Central Asian nations in the economic sphere is mostly connected to the Chinese “Belt and Road” initiative and to the agreement on cooperation between this initiative and the Eurasian Economic Union. However, between Central Asian nations, on one hand, and Moscow and Beijing, on the other hand, there are still many practical issues that must be solved to push integration forward, and currently there are no indicators that these issues would be solved in the near future
The impact of socio-economic factors on the Arctic sea ice cover
No full textThe Arctic sea ice is an essential element of the Earth’s climate system. It regulates the regional balance of heat and fresh water, the subsequent circulation of the atmosphere and the ocean in the Arctic zone as well as in lower latitudes. The given article demonstrates how socio-economic factors affect the volume of the Arctic sea ice. It also provides the detailed analysis: the climate change assessment in the Arctic zone is presented and the role of various factors intensifying climate changes in the Arctic zone are considered. With the economic growth of the country, the consumption of the population increases and this fact affects the environment; as a result, industrial growth contributes to the increasing of the emissions of pollutants and greenhouse gases. Climate change is not a fiction and it is obvious that anthropogenic emissions have increased. The authors of the article associate the ecosystems of the Arctic zone with economic systems. The measures aimed at the development of the economy and the environment of the region are proposed. Applying new technologies Industry 4.0 will allow the economy to grow exponentially
The impact of the universities closure on physical activity and academic performance in physical education in university students during the COVID-19 pandemic
No full textBackground and Study Aim. Physical activity (PA) is regarded as a critical component of a healthy lifestyle and disease prevention. Different constraints placed upon social interaction and public spaces due to COVID-19 could decrease PA and academic performance in physical education (PE) in student population. The purpose of the research was to assess overall and sport/fitness PA level and academic performance in PE in a sample of university students pre- to post-cancellation of face-to-face PE classes due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Material and Methods. Participants (n=209) – university students (19-20 years old). The overall period of the research is September-December 2020. All participants (male–n=106 and female–n=103) were divided into approximately equal groups: humanities students (male–MG-1, female–FG-1), medicine students (male–MG-2, female–FG-2), technical students (male–MG-3, female–FG-3). The main research tools: modified student self-reported questionnaire (on the base of IPAQ), academic grading (scores for self-completed PE tasks). In surveys, all participants self-rated overall and sport/fitness PA level pre- to post-cancellation of face-to-face PE classes. The participants had to complete 32 special PE tasks, during the research period. PE teachers rated participants by a special grading scale. Results. For the male and female students’ groups there were no significant differences of overall PA, sport/fitness PA level and academic performance in PE pre-cancellation of face-to-face PE classes. All participants significantly (p≤0.05) decreased overall PA, sport/fitness PA level and academic performance in PE post-cancellation. There was a significant (p≤0.05) large amount of overall PA level in MG-2 students and sport/fitness PA level in MG-1 students’ post-cancellation of face-to-face PE classes. For the male students there were no significant differences of grading in PE pre- to post-cancellation of face-to-face PE classes between participants groups. There was a significant (p≤0.05) large amount of overall PA level post-cancellation of face-to-face PE classes in FG-2 students. There was a significantly (p≤0.05) lower amount of sport/fitness PA level post-cancellation of face-to-face PE classes in FG-3 students. There was a significant drop in mean grading scores in PE post-cancellation of face-to-face PE classes in students. FG-2 participants had significantly (p≤0.05) higher grading scores in PE post-cancellation of face-to-face PE classes. Conclusions. The universities closure and cancellation of face-to-face PE classes due to the COVID-19 pandemic decreased overall PA, sport/fitness PA level and academic performance in PE in all participants. It is important to note that the proportional decrease in overall PA for the male students was actually large, then decrease in overall PA for the female students was less. The findings highlight the need for active interventions of PA promotion targeted at the student population in the context of self-isolation measures during the COVID-19 pandemic
5-Benzyliden-2-(5-methylthiazol-2-ylimino)thiazolidin-4-ones as Antimicrobial Agents. Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Molecular Docking Studies
No full textIn this study, we report the design, synthesis, computational and experimental evaluation of the antimicrobial activity, as well as docking studies of new 5-methylthiazole based thiazolidinones. All compounds demonstrated antibacterial efficacy, some of which (1, 4, 10 and 13) exhibited good activity against E. coli and B. cereus. The evaluation of antibacterial activity against three resistant strains, MRSA, P. aeruginosa and E. coli, revealed that compound 12 showed the best activity, higher than reference drugs ampicillin and streptomycin, which were inactive or exhibited only bacteriostatic activity against MRSA, respectively. Ten out of fifteen compounds demonstrated higher potency than reference drugs against a resistant strain of E. coli, which appeared to be the most sensitive species to our compounds. Compounds 8, 13 and 14 applied in a concentration equal to MIC reduced P. aeruginosa biofilm formation by more than 50%. All compounds displayed antifungal activity, with compound 10 being the most active. The majority of compounds showed better activity than ketoconazole against almost all fungal strains. In order to elucidate the mechanism of antibacterial and antifungal activities, molecular docking studies on E. coli Mur B and C. albicans CYP51 and dihydrofolate reductase were performed. Docking analysis of E. coli MurB indicated a probable involvement of MurB inhibition in the antibacterial mechanism of tested compounds while docking to 14α-lanosterol demethylase (CYP51) and tetrahydrofolate reductase of Candida albicans suggested that probable involvement of inhibition of CYP51 reductase in the antifungal activity of the compounds. Potential toxicity toward human cells is also reported
[Susceptibility of animal species to experimental SARS-CoV-2 (Coronaviridae: Coronavirinae: Betacoronavirus; Sarbecovirus) infection].
No full textDue to the new coronavirus infection pandemic, the global scientific community has been forced to change the direction of the most research, focusing on vaccine development as well as the search for new antiviral drugs to treat COVID-19. The choice of experimental models, timeframe and approaches for evaluating drugs and vaccines under development is crucial for the development of effective measures to prevent and control this disease.The purpose of this review was to summarize the relevant data concerning the susceptibility of laboratory animals to SARS-CoV-2. This paper describes the most virus-susceptible animal species that can be used to reproduce coronavirus infection, stressing the main advantages and disadvantages of each of them.According to the latest data, small rodents (Rodentia) and non-human primates (Strepsirrhini) are commonly used in the scientific community to model coronavirus infection. The viral load in the upper and lower parts of the respiratory system, clinical symptoms of infection (weight loss, body temperature and general health status), pathomorphological picture in target organs and the production of antibodies after infection are considered to the main markers of pathology. Despite the vast amount of data, none of the described models of SARS-CoV-2 infection may be considered a gold standard, since they do not reproduce all spectrum of morphological and pathogenetic mechanisms of infection, and do not fully reflect the clinical picture observed in patients in human population.Based on the analyzed literature data, we suppose that Syrian hamster (Mesocricetus auratus) and mice (Muridae) expressing the angiotensin converting enzyme receptor 2 (ACE2) are the most suitable animal species for their use in experiments with SARS-CoV-2 infection. The development of neutralizing antibodies makes it possible to evaluate the efficacy of vaccines, while the course and severity of symptoms infection makes the use of mice and hamsters especially popular for screening pharmacological substances with antiviral mechanism of action, when their administration can prevent or slow the disease progression
Possibilities of conservative treatment for andrological conditions in men with history of COVID-19
No full textNovel coronavirus infection 2019 (COVID-19), which is caused by SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus-2), leads to a growing concern for public healthcare worldwide. Question about whether SARS-CoV-2 is able to penetrate into testicular tissue and/or seminal fluid remains unanswered. Fertility specialists also encounter many issues regarding prevention and treatment of infertility in patients with a history of COVID-19. There is an increasing number of publications which demonstrate anti-inflammatory, antiviral and antioxidant properties of socalled adaptogenic plants. This was the reason to analyze published articles on the effects of antioxidants and adaptogens on reproductive function in males with a history of COVID-19.