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Experience in managing psoriasis patients receiving targeted therapy during the covid-19 pandemic
No full textIntroduction. With the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic the dermatological manifestations of the infection are widely discussed along with the correct management tactics for patients with severe chronic dermatoses, primarily those on immunosuppressive therapy. Immunocompromised patients are overly vulnerable to infections, which is especially important in the context of the pandemic. The article provides up-to-date literature information regarding the general risks of infection in patients receiving systemic immunomodulatory agents for the treatment of psoriasis, as well as evidence based treatment recommendations, including the example of our own clinical experience of using targeted therapy during the COVID-19 pandemic. Purpose of the study. The aim of the study was to analyze the therapeutic efficacy and safety of the systemic immunomodulatory drugs therapy in the context of the global COVID-19 pandemic. Materials and methods. The study included 142 patients with psoriasis receiving GEBD and small molecules therapy at the Department of Anti-Cytokine Therapy and Efferent Methods of Treatment of MNPCDK DZM. All patients were examined to deter-mine their level of IgM and IgG antibodies to the SARS-CoV-2 virus strain in the blood serum. All patients continued to receive therapy according to their individual dosing regimen. The study was conducted at a time of high morbidity in the city of Moscow. Results. The overall morbidity among the studied patients was 13.4% of which the majority were patients with an asymptomatic course of the disease. It should be noted that there was a low incidence rate among patients receiving therapy with IL-17 inhibitors (secukinumab, netakimab). Conclusion. Our study confirms worldwide records that there is no evidence of an increased risk of COVID-19 among patients receiving targeted therapy for psoriasis. In our opinion, the discuntinuation of the current treatment can lead to unjustified risks, such as a relapse of psoriasis, including with severe manifestations and subsequent possible ineffectiveness when resuming therapy. Potentially, the termination of therapy that suppresses the production of proinflammatory cytokines will lead to an increase in the “cytokine storm” and a worsening of the course of viral infection when it occurs. © 2020, Remedium Group Ltd. All rights reserved
Antagonism between pneumococcal vaccines and covid-19
No full textThe review examines the clinical and epidemiological links between COVID-19 and pneumonia. At the same time, both general patterns linking viral respiratory infections and bacterial infections of the lower respiratory tract are discussed, as well as recent data relating directly to COVID-19. The clinical aspects of secondary infections, the peculiarities of their etiology, course and outcomes are analyzed separately. The publication provides a short essay on the history of the development of vaccines against pneumococcal infection. The current vaccines against pneumococcal infection are described, their brief characteristics and individual characteristics are given, their clinical and immunological advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. The data on the effectiveness of vaccine prophylaxis using pneumococcal vaccine are presented. The specific and nonspecific effects of vaccine prophylaxis both at the population level and at the level of an individual organism as a whole and in particular when using vaccines against pneumococci are considered separately. Data on the putative biochemical and molecular mechanisms of these effects are presented. Based on the data presented, the need for the use of pneumococcal vaccines in the prevention of the spread of the SARS-Cov2 virus, the prevention of complications of COVID-19 and the rehabilitation of patients who have undergone this infection is substantiated. When considering the role of pneumococcal vaccines in the rehabilitation of patients who have undergone COVID-19, their potential is analyzed both in accelerating the restoration of the normal functioning of the immune system and in the prevention of superinfections. The ways of further research in this direction are outlined, which include the development of protocols for certain groups of patients with concomitant diseases and immuno-compromised contingents. In this direction, the role of a thorough and comprehensive study of the immunological and clinical indicators of this category of persons is emphasized. © 2020, Remedium Group Ltd. All rights reserved
Drug-induced arrhythmias
No full textThe article provides a scientific review based on the proceedings of the 2020 American Heart Association consensus on drugs that may cause arrhythmias on a risk-sensitive basis and a guidance on strategies for monitoring, prevention methods and therapeutic approaches. The risk factors for drug-induced arrhythmias are divided into modifiable and non-modifiable. Among the non-modifiable risk factors are congenital anomalies (changes in the conduction system, ion channel polymorphism) and heart diseases (cavity dilatation, myocardial ischemia). Among the modifiable risk factors are various electrolyte disorders (hypo/hyperkalemia, hypo/hypermagnesemia, hypocalcemia). Certain drugs can lead to electrolyte disorders, which require management with potassium and magnesium supplements. The drug-induced arrhythmias can be caused by conditions leading to altered drug pharmacokinetics and increased plasma concentrations and metabolites having proarrhythmogenic effects, as well as drug-drug interactions. Beta-blockers, non-dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers, other antiarrhythmic drugs, ivabradine, digoxin, anesthetics (bupivacaine, propofol) are the most common culprits in causing drug-induced bradyarrhythmias. The drug-induced atrial fibrillation frequently occurs in patients receiving antiarrhythmics, various sympathomimetics, psychotropic and antineoplastic drugs, anti-inflammatory (NSAIDs, corticosteroids) and immunotropic agents (interleukin-2, fingolimod). Various sympathomi-metics and inotropic drugs, some antipsychotic drugs can produce drug-induced atrial and nodal tachyarrhythmias. The drug-induced ventricular tachycardia can be caused by antiarrhythmics, inotropics and various sympathomimetics, antipsychotic and antineoplastic drugs, as well as herbal drugs (aconite, ginkgo biloba). The list of drugs that cause a long QT syndrome includes antiarrhythmics, antimicrobial drugs (macrolides, fluoroquinolones, aminoquinolines, fluconazole), antipsychotics, antineoplastic drugs, antiemetics, etc. For a complete list of drugs that prolong a QT interval, see the CredibleMeds website (Arizona, USA). The drug-induced arrhythmia prevention strategies include rising awareness among doctors about risk factors and potentially dangerous drugs, sufficient monitoring of patients at risk of developing arrhythmias (ECG monitoring, electrolyte balance, kidney and liver function), maintenance of electrolyte balance, primarily potassium and magnesium. The therapeutic approach includes discontinuation of a causative drug; relief and maintenance therapy are carried out based on the modern international clinical guidelines for various forms of arrhythmias. © 2020, Remedium Group Ltd. All rights reserved
Traditional and non-traditional values in russia, bulgaria and slovakia: Ethnolinguistic, comparative and historical dimensions
No full textThe article embodies some results of a joint international research project on linguistic and ethnocultural dynamics of traditional and non-traditional values in the three countries of the Slavic world. First, the terminology in Russian, Bulgarian and Slovakian languages is analyzed, with the outcome that the term ‘value(s)’ as denoting an abstract notion is a recent development in Slavic languages. Second, the notions of the traditional and non-traditional values are characterized in a comparative way and the possible border (lexical, pragmatical, etc.) between them is marked. Thirdly, the dynamics of changes in the axiological hierarchy is investigated and the reasons for the changes of evaluation are defined with the examples by the development of several values (‘old age’, ‘friend’, etc.). Finally, axiological historical methodology is illustrated by the review of Russian-Bulgarian sources that give an opportunity to reflect on values. The study demonstrates its actuality as COVID-19 has spread all over the world, drastically changing the routines and preferences of people, correspondingly the hierarchy of values and its vocabulary. Language is at the center of this axiological study, being the main source of and engine for evaluation. © 2020, ELM Scholarly Press. All rights reserved
The COVID-19 Experience: Features of Culture and Belonging in the Context of Peoples Native to a Country and Migrants
No full textBackground. COVID-19 has revealed the diversity of cultural characteristics and mentalities of different countries: every people living through the pandemic interprets the means of overcoming the crisis in their own way, in accordance with their historical experience and cultural traditions. Objective. The purpose of this study (April 2 — May 2, 2020) was to identify the influence of cultural factors and the context of residence (living in their own country or in another culture as a migrant) on how people perceive and experience a pandemic. Design. The study involved 605 people: 402 Russian-speaking respondents (221 migrants living outside their countries) and 203 representatives of other cultures (165 Spaniards and 38 migrants from different countries). The main research method was a survey using a specially prepared questionnaire (in four languages — Spanish, English, German, and Russian). Results. Cultural factors had a strong inluence on how a people experienced a pandemic. Respondents from European and other cultures (non Russian speakers) were very intolerant of dissent in the fight against the pandemic; showed an increase in patriotism; and demonstrated increased readiness for an operational response to the situation through a change of activity. Russian-speaking respondents showed great loyalty to dif erent positions and dif erent behaviors during pandemic situation; expressed the desire to wait out the pandemic and quickly return to their usual way of life; their main preventive measure was self-isolation, which was considered an opportunity for the development of something new. The perception of a pandemic by migrants differed from its perception by the native population. Conclusion. Common to all representatives of the international sample were the ideas of necessary international cooperation and universal responsibility to overcome the pandemic. But the cultural factors and having a migrants status had a strong influence on the perception and experience of the pandemic, which depends on the mentality and historical experience in different countries. © 2020. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Russian Psychological Society
The dynamics of information search queries about COVID-19 at the self-isolation stage [Динамика информационных поисковых запросов о COVID-19 на этапе самоизоляции]
No full textObjective. Studying the dynamics of information search queries in the situation of experiencing an objective global threat-the spread of COVID-19. Background. The pandemic situation is specific because of its universality, uncertain duration and weak predictability of disease manifestations, which suggests the cumulative nature of this stressor. The uniqueness of its socio-psychological consequences is determined by the experience of self-isolation in a virtual space. The dynamics of search queries in large random samples may reflect both the reaction of the population to the statements of power subjects, and the presence of certain mechanisms of emotional self-regulation. Study design. We analyzed search queries thematically related to the spread of COVID-19 and the introduction of self-isolation mode: 5 million search queries were randomly selected from the database, 1 million for each of the analyzed time intervals. Participants. The study was conducted on users of the Yandex search engine. Methods. Quantitative methods of the Data Mining class were used for data collection. Qualitative methods of the Data Mining class and contextual analysis were used for data analysis. Microsoft Excel tools were used for statistical code processing. Results. The number of information requests on the topic of the pandemic increased sharply after V. Putin’s first address, and then steadily decreased, but the overall picture of the content dynamics of search queries, depending on official statements of the authorities, was not observed; requests about the current level of morbidity are constantly presented to the greatest extent, and to the minimum-about the possibilities of psychological assistance and the state of the Russian economy. During the whole time of the study the contents of the Internet search shifted towards positive emotional information. Conclusions. To the maximum extent, the relationship between the experience of a pandemic and self-isolation with the nature of search queries manifests itself at the initial stages and tends to decrease in the future. The dynamics of the content of requests is ambiguously related to official statements of power subjects, influenced by the effect of counter-regulation. © 2020 Moscow State University of Psychology and Education. All right reserved
Sanitary aviation evacuation of patient with covid-19 on artificial lung ventilation in transport isolation box
No full textThe article presents the experience of conducting sanitary aviation evacuation of a patient with a new COVID-19 infection using a transport isolation box. It was noted that the evacuation of a COVID-19 patient with severe respiratory failure on artificial lung ventilation was carried out on an Il-76 MD military transport aircraft. The article describes the method of preparing the patient for medical evacuation, the actions of medical personnel during critical situations, as well as the work of medical specialists in personal protective equipment for long – term (more than 7 hours) sanitary aviation evacuation. © ARCDM Zashchita
Higher Education and Digitalization of the Economy: The Case of Russian Regions
No full textBuilding on the resource-based theory, we examine the association between the digitalization of the economy and the quality of higher education in Russian regions. We use the regression model to analyze data collected in Russian regions from 2011 to 2018. The quality of higher education is measured by the education potential in the regions. Regional factors of economic digitalization are categorized by mobile and Internet activities, technological background, and innovation activities. The information database contains official dates drawn from federal and regional statistical sources. The results showed that regions that had higher levels of innovation activities had a higher quality of higher education. On the contrary, mobile and Internet activities had a weakly negative influence on the quality of higher education. Our results are controversial with respect to the technological background of the region and its influence on the quality of higher education. Nonetheless, the study provides insights into the resource-based theory, demonstrating that the factors of economic digitalization increase the competitive advantage of the region regarding education, and they play an important role in regional sustainable development. © 2020 © Copyright: The Author(s) This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Mass hysteria and incidence rate control in the organized groups (RUDN university approach)
No full textThe article presents the results of the comprehensive study of methods for countering mass panic and explosive morbidity in the organized community (on the example of a number of activities implemented at the RUDN University during the ‘first wave’ of the covid-19 pandemic). The authors used elements of theoretical and empirical, sociological and experimental methods of research. After the World Health Organization (WHO) declared a pandemic of the new coronavirus in March 2020, the world will never be the same — most aspects of social interaction have changed, and the RUDN University could not stay away from global and all-Russian trends. In the article, the concept of dealing with stress and mass panic is considered not at the individual level, but at the level of the full-size medical institution with a multinational and multicultural community of 9000 people, completely isolated from the society. The authors managed to develop a model of doctor’s behavior, which proved to be effective when working with the younger generation (aged 18 to 35), including foreign students; provided an opportunity to control (to a certain limit) the mood of the masses on the entrusted territory, to ensure adherence to treatment and emotional support at all its stages. Due to the patient’s feeling of control over his condition, understanding of what is happening and, as a result, the development of critical perception of all information, the negative impact of the mass panic reaction was significantly reduced. Therefore, the authors achieved a disciplined organized community that followed all quarantine and isolation instructions, which significantly smoothed the peak of the incidence curve. © N.O. Danilina, A.S. Klimenko, Sh. Gulova, V.A. Seryapov, S.V. Nazyuta, 2020
Media consumption of different cohorts: TV and internet
No full textThe article considers the dynamics of the TV and Internet consumption of different cohorts under the dramatic changes in the Russian media landscape. In the last decade, the media environment has reached the mass scale in the use of the latest communication technologies based on the high-speed mobile Internet and its various apps. The results of the comparison of the studies of 2012 and 2017 indicate multidirectional trends: an increase in the average daily time of the Internet use in the middle-age and partly elder cohorts, and a moderate increase in the younger groups. The duration of TV viewing is a cyclic phenomenon determined by the stages of life cycle and socialization: the TV consumption of the same cohorts tends to decrease in a five-year interval. According to the theory of media substitution, the Internet is partly a functional alternative to TV for it allows the needs of the audience to be more fully satisfied and to develop on the basis of new technological opportunities. The article also considers features of the media consumption of the digital generation (millennials). This group is internally very different: it consists of several age and social-professional subgroups with serious differences in the average daily TV and Internet consumption. All these trends of the media consumption changed under the covid-19 crisis: changes in the mode of life and a fundamentally different information agenda determined an increase in the media use, primarily TV and the Internet. The long-term trend of the gradual decrease of the TV-audience changed: the average TV viewing increased in all cohorts. Under the crisis, the leading functions of the media — information and recreation — are more in demand than before. © 2020, RUDN UNiversity. All rights reserved