Argo (Greece)

rFASPER - Repository of the Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation
Not a member yet
    5766 research outputs found

    Visual-motor integration in children with and without Developmental disorders

    No full text
    Vizuomotorna integracija je složeni proces koji nastaje spajanjem motoričkog izlaza i vizuelnog ulaza, odnosno to je sposobnost povezivanja pokreta oka i ruke sa vizuelnim informacijama. Deca sa problemima vizuomotorne integracije mogu da imaju teškoće sa motoričkim aktivnostima koje zahtevaju vizuelni input i povratnu spregu. Cilj istraživanja je bio da se proceni vizuomotorna integracija kod dece sa i bez smetnji u razvoju, koja pohađaju prvi razred osnovne škole. Uzorak istraživanja je formiran od 105 učenika oba pola. Prosečan uzrast učenika je Mdn = 7,7 godina. U odnosu na tip razvoja bilo je 28,6% učenika tipičnog razvoja i 71,4% učenika sa smetnjama i poremećajima u razvoju (učenici sa motoričkim smetnjama i poremećajima, učenici sa senzornim smetnjama i poremećajima i učenici sa kognitivnim smetnjama i poremećajima). Za procenu vizuomotorne integracije korišćen je subtest 2, Fina motorička integracija iz baterije testova Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd edition (BOT-2; Bruininks & Bruininks, 2005). U statističkoj obradi podataka primenjene su mere prebrojavanja, mere centralne tendencije i mere varijabilnosti, a za utvrđivanje razlike između grupa primenjena je jednofaktorska analiza varijanse sa naknadnim Post-hoc testovima. Rezultati pokazuju da sve grupe ispitanika ostvaruju niža prosečna postignuća u odnosu na maksimalno moguće postignuće. Istovremeno, statistički značajna razlika (p ≤ .05) je otkrivena između ispitanika tipičnog razvoja i svih grupa ispitanika sa smetnjama u razvoju, dok između grupa ispitanika sa smetnjama u razvoju ta razlika nije na nivou statističke značajnosti. Ovi rezultati upućuju na značaj i potrebu stimulacije vizuomotorne integracije, kako kod dece sa smetnjama u razvoju, tako i kod dece tipičnog razvoja. Ukoliko ova sposobnost ne bude na vreme podvrgnuta preventivno – korektivnim programima može da utiče na smanjenu fizičku aktivnost i participaciju dece u vršnjačkim igrama, ali i da ostavi posledice na usvajanje akademskih veština, poput čitanja i pisanja.Visual-motor integration is a complex process that arises by merging motor output and visual input. This is the ability that connect eye and hand movements with visual information. Children with visual-motor integration problems may have difficulty with motor activities that require visual input and feedback. The aim of the research was to evaluate the visual-motor integration in children with and without developmental disorders, who attend the first grade of elementary school. The research sample was formed of 105 participants of both sexes. The average age of participants was Mdn = 7.7 years. In relation to the type of development, there were 28.6% of children with typical development and 71.4% of children with developmental disorders (children with motor, sensory and cognitive disorders). Subtest 2, Fine Motor Integration from the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency, 2nd edition (BOT-2; Bruininks & Bruininks, 2005) was used to assess visual-motor integration. Counting measures, measures of central tendency and measures of variability were applied in statistical data processing, and one-factor analysis of variance with subsequent Post-hoc tests was used to determine the difference between groups. The results showed that all groups of participants achieved lower average achievements compared to the maximum possible achievement. At the same time, a statistically significant difference (p ≤ .05) was detected between participants with typical development and all groups of participants with developmental disorders, while between groups of participants with developmental disorders this difference was not at the level of statistical significance. These results indicate the importance and need to stimulate visualmotor integration, both in children with developmental disorders and in children of typical development. If this ability is not subjected to preventive and corrective programs in time, it can affect the reduced physical activity and participation of children in peer games, but it can also have consequences for the acquisition of reading and writing skills

    Covid-19 and vaccination

    Get PDF
    Nakon prvog slučaja infekcije SARS-CoV-2 virusom u Kini krajem 2019. godine, COVID-19 brzo prerasta u epidemiju, a zatim i pandemiju. Prema najnovijim po- dacima COVID-19 pandemija beleži oko 250 miliona zaraženih ljudi u svetu i preko 5 miliona smrtnih slučajeva kao posledica COVID-19 infekcije. U radu su, na osnovu pregleda relevantne literature, prikazani podaci o vak- cinama dostupnim u našoj zemlji, njihovim karakteristikama, vakcinaciji trudnica i dece, kao i preporuke Svetske zdravstvene organizacije i Centra za kontrolu i prevenciju bolesti, za primenu vakcina. I pored dostupnosti vakcina, stepen vakcinacije u našoj zemlji još uvek nije doveo do stvaranja kolektivnog imuniteta. Razlog leži u nepoverenju prema vakcinama zbog njihovog brzog puštanja u upotrebu. To nameće potrebu za jasnim i pouzdanim preporukama zdravstvenih radnika kako bi se ublažila zabrinu- tost u vezi sa bezbednošću vakcina.After the first case of SARS-CoV-2 virus infection in China at the end of 2019, COVID-19 quickly grew into an epidemic, and then a pandemic. According to the latest data from the COVID-19 pandemic, there are about 250 million infected and over 5 million deaths in the world as a result of the COVID-19 infection. Based on a review of relevant literature, the paper presents data on vaccines available in our country, their characteristics, vaccination of pregnant women and children, as well as the recommendations of the World Health Organization and the Center for Disease Control and Prevention for vaccines. Despite the availability of vaccines, the level of vaccination in our country has not yet led to the collective immunity. The main reason lies in the distrust of vaccines due to their rapid release. This imposes the need for clear and reliable recommendations from healthcare professionals to alleviate concerns about vaccine safety

    Incarceration during Covid-19 pandemics

    Get PDF
    Proces izvršenja zatvorske kazne praćen je različitim teškoćama, izazovi- ma i problemima u Srbiji, kao i u većini država sveta. Primetno je nastojanje da se iznađe srazmernost između bezbednosti društva i kaznene institucije, kažnjavanja zbog krivičnog dela, ispaštanja i rehabilitacije, efektivnog uticaja na konkretnog počinioca i sve druge potencijalne prestupnike u cilju redukcije recidiva i prevencije primarnih prestupa, uz konstantno smanjenje troškova i uštede države ili osnivača zatvora. U većini zatvorskih objekata, optimalni kapaciteti smeštaja su preopterećeni, što otežava kontrolu kretanja i ponašanja osuđenih, umanjuje mogućnost primene rehabilitacionih tretmana, onemogućava individualizovan pristup i otežava funkcionisanje zatvora. Posebnu važnost ima prenaseljenost zatvora u vremenu kada je svet zahvaćen pandemijom novog koronavirusa (SARS-CoV2), kada je fizička distan- ca jedna od ključnih preventivnih mera širenja zaraze. Karakter zatvorskih objekata i način izvršenja kazne doprinose da su osuđeni pod prinudom i pri- tiskom, lišeni mnogih zadovoljstava, a često i osnovnih potreba. Ovo stanje se usložnjava zatvorskom arhitekturom, hipernormiranošću života tokom boravka, odvojenošću od bližnjih, strahom za sopstveno zdravlje, bezbednost i opstanak u zatvoru. Potreba izbegavanja kontakata uslovljava redukovanje osuđeničkih pogodnosti, kao što su izlasci u grad, odlasci kući, prijem brač- nih i porodičnih poseta, što dodatno povećava napetost. Strah od unošenja virusa od strane straže, zaposlenih ili novodošlih osuđenih unosi dodatne tenzije kod zaposlenih, osuđenih i njihovih bližnjih. Cilj rada je da se prikaže složenost izvršenja zatvorske kazne, dodatno opterećene pandemijom novog korona virusa.he process of incarceration in Serbia, just like in most world countries, is accompanied by various difficulties, challenges and issues. There is an inclination to develop a balance between social safety and punitive institutions, crime punishment, retaliation and rehabilitation, effective influence on the specific convict and all other potential criminals in order to reduce the incidence of recidivism and prevent primary offences, along with constant cost reduction and safety measures of the state or the prison founder. In the majority of prison facilities, the optimum capacities are overcrowded, which makes movement and behaviours of prisoners difficult to control, reduces the possibility for rehabilitation treatments to be applied, prevents application of individualized approach and intervenes with a way prisons function. The fact that prisons are overcrowded is of special significance in the time when the world is affected by COVID-19 (SARS-CoV2) pandemics outbreak, when physical distance makes one of the key preventive measures for spreading of the disease. The characteristics of prison facilities as well as the manner of carrying out the sentence both contribute to the prisoners being under stress, deprived of various pleasures, and commonly of bare necessities. The state is further complicated by the prison architecture, hyper-normative way of life during the incarceration, separation from loved ones and fear for one’s own health, safety and survival in the prison. The necessity of reduction in contacts influences the reduction of prisoners’ benefits, and those are temporary releases, visits to one’s home, having marital or family visits, which all increases the tension further. The fear of the virus being imported by the guards, the employees or new convicts brings additional strain to the employees, the prisoners or their families. The aim of the paper is to depict the complexity of carrying out prison sentence additionally burdened by COVID-19 pandemics

    The happier the better achiever or not? Exploring the connection between students' achievement and well-being PISA 2018 survey

    No full text
    Results from PISA 2018 survey showed a curvilinear relationship between students’ reading performance and their subjective well-being (increasingly positive until a certain point, after which as well-being continues to increase performance decreases). Study had 2 aims: 1. Test if the curvilinear relationship is present among Serbian students. 2. Explore if self-efficacy, fear of failure and attitude towards learning differentiate the most satisfied but lower performing students from less satisfied but higher performing ones. The sample consisted of 5359 Serbian students who participated in PISA 2018 by taking the reading literacy test and background questionnaire that explored students’ subjective wellbeing and school experience. Three groups are defined based on composite score “subjective well-being” that consisted of life satisfaction, meaning in life and positive feelings: 1. the least satisfied 2. moderately satisfied 3. the most satisfied. We hypothesized that the group of students who are the least and moderately satisfied would have the highest performance while those who are the most satisfied would have the lowest performance. ANOVA showed statistically significant differences (F(2, 5359)= 19.494, p< .001) and Post Hoc test revealed that students who are the least and moderately satisfied have better performance than those who are highly satisfied (p< .001), thus confirming hypothesis. For the second aim of the study, discriminant analysis was conducted. We expected that students with the highest satisfaction and low performance would have better self-efficacy and lower fear of failure, but also that they would value school less compared to students with lower or moderate satisfaction and higher performance. Discriminant analysis revealed one discriminant function (L = 0.78, χ2(10,4879) = 1213.703, p< .001), that explained 99.6% of variance, canonical R2=.22. Discriminant function is best at differentiating the most satisfied students from the least satisfied students. Structure matrix showed that the most satisfied students have higher self-efficacy (r=.80) and lower fear of failure (r=-.36). But contrary to our assumption, this group also has a better attitude towards learning (r=.57) and trying hard (r=.58) at school than the less satisfied but better performing students. Further investigation is needed in order to understand which factors prevent the most satisfied students from performing like their less satisfied but more successful peers

    Feminizam, aktivizam, politike: Proizvodnja znanja na poluperiferiji - Zbornik radova u čast Marine Blagojević Hughson

    No full text

    Vidljivost paraolimpijskih sportista u medijima

    No full text
    Sažetak: Kada se izveštava o sportu osoba tipične populacije, takve vesti dobijaju daleko više medijskog prostora nego što je slučaj sa sportom osoba sa invaliditetom, a to društvu šalje poruku da drugopomenuti nisu dovoljno važni niti zanimljivi, i da njihova sportska postignuća nisu toliko vredna. Cilj ovog preglednog rada bio je da se analizom relevantne literature ukaže na načine na koji svetski mediji tretiraju sport osoba, ali i same osobe sa invaliditetom na njihovom najvećem takmičenju, Paraolimpijskim igrama. Pregled literature izvršen je pretragom elektronskih časopisa i knjiga preko pretraživača GoogleScholar. Nakon inicijalne pretrage pronađeno je preko 50 naučnih radova koji odgovaraju temi, a nakon čitanja apstrakata izdvojeno je 15 radova i jedna knjiga koji ispunjavaju kriterijume. Kriterijumi za uključivanje su sledeći: dostupnost radova u celini, da se radovi bave kvantitativnom i/ili kvalitativnom analizom članaka objavljenih u svetskim medijima za vreme trajanja Paraolimpijskih igara, da se radovi bave analizom fotografija objavljenih za vreme trajanja Paraolimpijskih igara, da radovi sadrže kvalitativne intervjue sa novinarima koji su izveštavali sa Paraolimpijskih igara, da se radovi odnose na Paraolimpijske igre održane u periodu od 2000. do 2016. godine, da su radovi publikovani na engleskom jeziku. Analiza radova pokazala je da novinari paraolimpijske sportiste predstavljaju kao „pasivne žrtve“, „superinvalide“ ili „ostale“, a fotografije potenciraju sakrivanje invaliditeta, pasivne poze na slikama, fokus na invaliditetu ili prezastupljenost sportista u kolicima. Još uvek nisu rađena istraživanja koja bi na ovaj način analizirala stav srpskih medija prema paraolimpijskom sportu, pa se ističe potreba za takvim poduhvatom.When reporting about non-disabled sport, such news gets far more media space than disability sport, and that sends a message to society that the latter are not important or interesting enough, and that their sports achievements are not so valuable. The aim of this review was to analyze the relevant literature in order to point out the ways in which the world media treat the disability sport and people with disabilities in their biggest competition - the Paralympic Games. The literature review was performed by searching books and electronic journals through the GoogleScholar search engine. After the initial search, over 50 scientific papers corresponding to the topic were found, and after reading the abstracts, 15 papers and one book that met the criteria were selected. Criteria for inclusion are the following: papers fully available, papers containing quantitative and/or qualitative analysis of articles published in world media during the Paralympic Games, papers containing analysis of photographs published during the Paralympic Games, papers containing qualitative interviews with journalists who reported about the Paralympic Games, papers referring to the Paralympic Games held from 2000 to 2016, papers published in English. The analysis of papers showed that journalists present paralympic athletes as "passive victims", "super-disabled" or "others", and that the photos emphasize hiding disability, passive poses in pictures, focus on disability or overrepresentation of athletes in wheelchairs. No research has been done yet that would analyze the way Serbian media treat paralympic sports, so the need for such a project is highlighted

    Specifičnosti i teškoće senzorne obrade i njihov tretman kod osoba sa intelektualnom ometenošću

    No full text
    Интеракција са окружењем и другим људима се ослања на информације које примамо путем чулних органа. Тешкоће сензорне обраде се јављају код мноштва деце са тешкоћама у развоју, као и интелектуалном ометеношћу (ИО). Познато је да тежина сензорних потешкоћа корелира са степеном ИО, као и да су бихејвиорални проблеми који се јављају код ове деце често последица проблема сензорног процесуирања. Циљ овог рада је да се прегледом доступне литературе стекне увид у тешкоће сензорне обраде особа са ИО у различитим сензорним модалитетима, као и да се стекне увид у постојеће видове третмана особа са различитим сензорним тешкоћама. За претрагу постојеће литературе коришћен је претраживач Google Schoolar, SCIndex, затим претраживач ProQuest и сервис Концорзијума библиотеке Србије за обједињену набавку (КОБСОН). Претраживани су радови на српском и енглеском језику. Селекцијом радова је у преглед увршћено 26 истраживања, који су се бавила редукцијом аутоагресивног понашања и компулзивне мастурбације у домену тешкоћа тактилне обраде, редукцијом визуелних ритуалних понашања, визуелних аутостимулативних понашања и повећања контакта погледом у домену визуелне обраде, редукцијом вокалних стереотипија у домену аудитивне обраде, пиком у домену густативне обраде и редукцијом хода на прстима у домену вестибуларне и проприоцептивне сензорне обраде. Узорак у истраживањима је обухватао од 1 до 4 испитаника, узраста од 2 до 36 година. У свакој од наведених области су примењене различите интервенције, које су биле у трајању од 15 до 245 третмана, а успешност примене ових интервенција у редукцији непожељних облика понашања која се јављају као последица неадекватне сензорне обраде се кретала од 56% до 100%. Имајући у виду разноликост интервенција применљиваних у третману поремећаја сензорне обраде, важно је истаћи функцију сензорно неадекватних облика понашња, као и програмирање третмана у складу са њом. Неопходно је напоменути да се различите интервенције могу користити у третману идентичних поремећаја сензорне обраде због специфичности клиничке слике сваког испитаника. Особе са тешкоћама у интелектуалном развоју су хетерогена популација, што подразумева индивидуализован третман.Interaction with the environment and other people relies on sensory information input. Sensory processing difficulties occur in many children with disabilities, as well as with intellectual disability (ID). It is known that the degree of sensory difficulties correlates with severity of ID, and that behavioral problems are often a consequence of deficits in sensory processing. The aim of this paper is to review available literature on sensory processing difficulties in different sensory domains and to review the most effective treatment. For literature search, Google Scholar, SCIIndex, ProQuest and KOBSON were used. Literature was searched in Serbian and English language. The final selection included 26 case studies that treated compulsive masturbations, self injurious behavior in the tactile domain, ritualistic behaviors, visual self stimulating behaviors and eye contact in visual domain, pica in gustative domain and toe walking in vestibular and proprioceptive domain. The sample included 1 to 4 participants, the ages between 2 and 36 years. Each of the sensory domains included different interventions length of 15 to 245 treatments and the success was between 56% and 100%. Taking into consideration the treatment diversity across all sensory domains, it is important to emphasize the function of problem behavior and to plan individualized programs according to it. It is important to state that different interventions can be used in treating the same topography behaviors due to personal differences. People with intellectual disability are a heterogene population and therefore require individualized treatment approaches

    Multipla skleroza kod starijih i mlađih osoba

    No full text

    Neurorazvojni poremećaji i mogućnost školovanja

    No full text
    Неуроразвојни поремећаји обухватају значајне тешкоће интелектуалних, моторичких, језичких и социјалних способности које настају током развојног периода. Особе сa неуроразвојним поремећајима чине веома хетерогену групу, према времену и степену испољавања симптома. Без обзира на време јављања и облик испољавања поремећаја, заједничко им је да ремете процес усвајања нових вештина и знања, као и адаптацију на нове ситуације, па је из тог разлога за ове поремећаје карактеристично да се увећавају или постају упадљивији са почетком школовања. Циљ овог рада је упознавање са могућностима школовања ученика са главним неуроразвојним поремећајима (интелектуална ометеност, поремећај из спектра аутизма и поремећај пажње са хиперактивношћу). Могућност и начин школовања ученика с неуроразвојним поремећајима као и степен потребне подршке, зависи од квалитета когнитивних способности и од окружења у коме живе. Индивидуални когнитивни капацитети, посебно интелектуалне способности, ниво развоја аудитивне и визуелне пажње, памћења, фонолошке флуентности, радне меморије и инхибиторне контроле, неопходни су за стицање школских знања. Са друге стране редовност праћења наставе, услови у којима се одвија учење, ставови према учењу и школи, однос ученика и наставника, понашање ученика и социјални статус, као и укљученост родитеља, имају утицај на школска постигнућа. Ефекти образовања ученика са неуроразвојним поремећајем зависе од обезбеђивања посебне, специјализоване подршке, која не подразуева нужно и специјалну школу. У Србији се ови ученици све чешће образују у инклузивним условима, пре свега са циљем побољшања социјалних интеракција. Да би се постигли резултати у оваквим условима неопходна је подршка дефектолога.Neurodevelopmental disorders include significant intellectual, motor, language, and social skills difficulties that arise during the development period. People with neurodevelopmental disorders form a very heterogeneous group, according to the time and degree of manifestation of symptoms. Regardless to time of appearing and method of manifestation of disorders, they have in common to disturb the process of acquisition of new skills and knowledge, as well as adaptation to new situations. This is the reason why for this kind of disorders is characteristic to grow and to get more noticeable with the beginning of schooling. The aim of this thesis is to learn about the possibilities of schooling of students with major neurodevelopmental disorders (intellectual disabilities, autism spectrum disorder, attention deficit disorder with hyperactivity). The possibility and way of education of students with neurodevelopmental disorders depends on the quality of cognitive skills and the environment in which they live. Individual cognitive capacity, especially intellectual abilities, a level of developed auditive and visual attention, memory, phonological fluencies, working memory and inhibitory controls significantly affect the acquisition of school knowledge. On the other hand, regular attendance at school, learning conditions, attitudes towards learning and school, the relationship between students and teachers, the general behaviour and social status of students, and the involvement of parents, all have an impact on the school achievement of these students. The effects of educating students with neurodevelopmental disorders depend on providing a special, specialized support, which does not necessarily imply a special school. In Serbia, these students are increasingly educated in inclusive conditions, primarily with the aim of improving social interactions. In order to achieve results in such conditions, the support of a defectologist is necessary

    Preferirajući stilovi učenja kod osoba sa teškoćama u mentalnom razvoju

    No full text
    Особе типичног развоја као и особе са тешкоћама у менталном развоју уче одређене садржаје на себи својствен начин. Како би особе што боље усвојиле одређене садржаје важно је познавање стилова учења. Циљ овог рада био је да се прегледом доступне литературе стекне увид у преферирајуће стилове учења код особа са тешкоћама у менталном развоју. Посебан осврт дат је на особе са интелектуалном ометеношћу, са поремећајем дефицита пажње и хиперактивношћу, са специфичним сметњама у учењу, са Дауновим синдромом и особе са поремећајем из спектра аутизма. Истраживања су малобројна, нису конзистентна, али ипак указују на то да не постоји доминантни стил учења код одређене групе особа са тешкоћама у интелектуалном развоју Ипак, потребно је одредити индивидуални преферирани стил и уз помоћ њега направити ефикасне стратегије у учењу. Употреба дигиталних технологија, е- учење, показала се као стратегија са највише потенцијала јер користи преферирани, али уједно подстиче и остале стилове учења.Both people with typical development and people with mental disabilities learn different concepts in their own way. In order to acquire certain concepts better, it is important to know various learning styles. The goal of this paper is to gain insight into preferable learning models for mentally disabled children, with reference to different existing studies. Special focus is on learners with intellectual disabilities, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, learning difficulties, Down syndrome, and autistic spectrum disorder. Research papers are scarce, inconsistent, still leading to a conclusion that a certain group of learners with intellectual disabilities does not necessarily have a preferred learning style. Still, determining an individual’s learning style and designing efficient learning strategies is of vital importance. The use of information technology, i.e. e-learning, has proven to the strategy with the most potential because it caters for the preferred learning style, but also enhances all the other styles

    2,820

    full texts

    5,766

    metadata records
    Updated in last 30 days.
    rFASPER - Repository of the Faculty of Special Education and Rehabilitation is based in Serbia
    Access Repository Dashboard
    Do you manage Open Research Online? Become a CORE Member to access insider analytics, issue reports and manage access to outputs from your repository in the CORE Repository Dashboard! 👇