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Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in children – a case report
Get PDFUvod: Benigni paroksizmalni pozicioni vertigo je najčešći uzrok pravih rotatornih vrtoglavica kod odraslih osoba. Za razliku od odraslih, kod dece je u slučajevima sa urednim otoskopskim nalazom najčešći uzrok vrtoglavice benigna paroksizmalna vrtoglavica i migrena, dok se benigni paroksizmalni pozicioni vertigo veoma retko dijagnostikuje, ali izaziva strah kod dece, a paniku kod roditelja. Benigni paroksizmalni pozicioni vertigo nastaje otkidanjem otolita sa makule utrikulusa i njihovim upadanjem u neki od polukružnih kanala. Karakteriše se kratkotrajnim napadima veoma jake vrtoglavice, koji su provocirani određenim položajem glave. Dijagnostikovanje vrtoglavice kod dece je otežano s obzirom na to da mala deca ne mogu jasno da opišu svoje simptome. Zbog mogućnosti opasnih uzroka neophodno je svako dete sa vrtoglavicom detaljno ispitati.
Prikaz slučaja: U radu je prikazan slučaj devojčice stare devet godina sa benignim paroksizmalnim položajnim vertigom. Nakon iscrpne i detaljne heteroanamneze i anamneze, postavljena je sumnja da se radi o benignom paroksizmalnom pozicionom vertigu. Dijagnoza benignog paroksizmalnog položajnog vertiga desnog zadnjeg polukružnog kanala je potvrđena pozicionim testom po Dix-Hallpike-u. Sprovedena je tarapija, modifikovanim Epley-jevim repozicionim manevrom. Na kontroli nakon 20 minuta i nakon sedam dana, Dix-Hallpike-ov test je bio negativan. Devojčica je bila bez tegoba godinu i po dana, nakon čega su se ponovo pojavile vrtoglavice. Povrđen je recidiv benignog paroksizmalnog položajnog vertiga, zadnjeg polukružnog kanala sa iste desne strane, koji je uspešno izlečen sa jednim modifikovanim Epley-jevim manevrom.
Zaključak: Iako se veoma retko sreće u dečijem uzrastu, benigni paroksizmalni pozicioni vertigo treba prepoznati i precizno dijagnostikovati jer se može brzo i efikasno izlečiti.Introduction: Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is the most common cause of true rotatory vertigo in adults. Unlike adults, in children with normal otoscopic findings, the most common cause of vertigo is benign paroxysmal vertigo and migraine, while benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is rarely diagnosed, but it leads to fear in children and panic in parents. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo is formed by displacement of the otolith from the macula of the utricle and their entry into one of the semicircular canals. It is characterized by short-term attacks of very strong vertigo, which are provoked by a certain head position. Diagnosis of vertigo in children is difficult because young children cannot clearly describe their symptoms. Due to the possibility of dangerous causes, it is necessary to examine every child with dizziness in detail.
Case outline: The paper presents a case of a nine-year-old girl with benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Benign paroxysmal positional vertigo was suspected, after taking a precise and detailed patient’s history. The diagnosis of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of the right posterior semicircular canal was confirmed by the Dix-Hallpike position test. Treatment was performed, with a modified Epley repositioning maneuver. At the follow-up examination after 20 minutes, and after seven days, the Dix-Hallpike test was negative. The girl was without symptoms for a year and a half, after which the dizziness reappeared. Recurrence of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo of the posterior semicircular canal, on the same right side was confirmed, which was successfully cured by only one modified Epley maneuver.
Conclusion: Although it is very rare in childhood, benign paroxysmal positional vertigo should be recognized and accurately diagnosed because it can be cured quickly and effectively
The impact of diabetes on the occurrence of tinnitus
Get PDFUvod: Dijabetes melitus je hronična, progresivna, metabolička bolest koja se karakteriše hiperglikemijom, a nastaje usled smanjene sekrecije insulina, njegovog neadekvatnog dejstva na tkiva ili usled prisustva oba ova poremećaja. Dijabetes dovodi do promene u metabolizmu masti, ugljenih hidrata i proteina. Stalni porast broja obolelih od ove bolesti, ukazuje da dijabetes predstavlja veliki problem javnog zdravlja savremenog društva. Bez obzira na etiologiju, odnosno tip dijabetes melitusa, slične su hronične komplikacije koje se razvijaju nakon dužeg trajanja bolesti i loše metaboličke regulisanosti glikemije. Dijabetes melitus je mogući faktor rizika za nastanak zujanja u ušima.
Cilj: Cilj rada je bio da se pregledom savremene literature sagleda uticaj dijabetesa na pojavu tinitusa.
Metod: Do relevantnih informacija koje su bitne za rad, došli smo pretragom dostupne elektronske baze podataka PubMed-a.
Rezultati: Mnoga istraživanja ukazuju da dijabetes utiče na slušnu funkciju. Utvrđeno je da se oštećenje sluha češće dijagnostikuje kod obolelih od dijabetesa u odnosu na zdravu populaciju. Mikrovaskularne promene unutrašnjeg uva, hiperglikemija u likvoru, auditivna neuropatija, dijabetesna encefalopatija mogu biti uzrok oštećenja sluha i tinitusa kod obolelih od dijabetesa, ali je bitna i genetska predispozicija. Evidentirana je značajna osetljivost kohlee na promene nivoa glikemije u krvi, pri čemu hipoglikemija i hiperglikemija mogu takođe dovesti do nastanka tinitusa i oštećenja sluha. Ispitivanja ukazuju da se učestalost pojave tinitusa kod obolelih od dijabetesa povećava sa starošću i usled prisustva oštećenja sluha.
Zaključak: Za lečenje tinitusa kod obolelih od dijabetesa pre svega je neophodna savremena terapija dijabetesa, uz redovnu kontrolu da bi se obezbedila dobra regulisanost glikemije i sprečila pojava hroničnih komplikacija, zatim terapija subjektivnog tinitusa, a kod oštećenja sluha primena slušnih amplifikatora.Introduction: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, progressive, metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia. It occurs due to reduced insulin secretion, insulin’s inadequate effect on tissues or a combination of both of these disorders. Diabetes leads to changes in the metabolism of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins. The continuous increase in the incidence of diabetes indicates that this disease is a major public health issue in modern society. Regardless of the etiology, i.e. type of diabetes mellitus, similar chronic complications develop after a long duration of the disease and poor metabolic regulation of glycemia. Diabetes mellitus is a possible risk factor for the occurrence of tinnitus.
Aim: The aim of the paper is to determine the impact of diabetes on the occurrence of tinnitus by reviewing the contemporary literature.
Method: The information relevant to this paper was obtained from the PubMed electronic database.
Results: Many studies indicate that diabetes affects auditory function. It has been ascertained that hearing impairment is diagnosed in diabetic patients more often than in the healthy population. Hearing impairment and tinnitus in diabetic patients may be caused by microvascular changes in the inner ear, hyperglycemia in the cerebrospinal fluid, auditive neuropathy, diabetic encephalopathy, as well as a genetic predisposition. A significant sensitivity of the cochlea to changes in blood glycemic levels has been noted, meaning that both hypoglycemia and hyperglycemia may cause tinnitus and hearing impairment. Research shows that the incidence of tinnitus in diabetic patients increases with age and the presence of hearing impairment.
Conclusion: For the treatment of tinnitus in patients with diabetes, modern diabetes therapy is of utmost importance, with regular checkups to ensure good glycemic regulation and prevent the occurrence of chronic complications, along with the treatment of subjective tinnitus, and, if indicated, the use of hearing amplifiers for hearing impairment
Electroencephalography in Assessment of Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Review
Get PDFElectroencephalography (EEG) can further out our understanding of autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) neurophysiology. Epilepsy and ASD comorbidity range between 5 and 46%, but its temporal relationship, causal mechanisms and interplay with intellectual disability are still unknown. Epileptiform discharges with or without seizures go as high as 60%, and associate with epileptic encephalopathies, conceptual term suggesting that epileptic activity can lead to cognitive and behavioral impairment beyond the underlying pathology. Seizures and ASD may be the result of similar mechanisms, such as abnormalities in GABAergic fibers or GABA receptor function. Epilepsy and ASD are caused by a number of genetic disorders and variations that induce such dysregulation. Similarly, initial epilepsy may influence synaptic plasticity and cortical connection, predisposing a growing brain to cognitive delays and behavioral abnormalities. The quantitative EEG techniques could be a useful tool in detecting and possibly measuring dysfunctions in specific brain regions and neuronal regulation in ASD. Power spectra analysis reveals a U-shaped pattern of power abnormalities, with excess power in the low and high frequency bands. These might be the consequence of a complicated network of neurochemical changes affecting the inhibitory GABAergic interneurons and their regulation of excitatory activity in pyramidal cells. EEG coherence studies of functional connectivity found general local over-connectivity and long-range under-connectivity between different brain areas. GABAergic interneuron growth and connections are presumably impaired in the prefrontal and temporal cortices in ASD, which is important for excitatory/inhibitory balance. Recent advances in quantitative EEG data analysis and well-known epilepsy ASD co-morbidity consistently indicate a role of aberrant GABAergic transmission that has consequences on neuronal organization and connectivity especially in the frontal cortex
Characteristics of juveniles who commit violent crimes
Get PDFUvod: Nasilnički kriminalitet maloletnika privlači pažnju javnosti i stručnjaka svuda u svetu. Posledice nasilja po pojedince i društvo mogu biti ogromne: narušeno zdravlje i kvalitet života, troškovi lečenja, odsustvo s posla, povećan strah od kriminala, zahtevi javnosti za strožim kažnjavanjem učinilaca. Maloletnici koji vrše nasilnička krivična dela obično ranije ispoljavaju delinkventno ponašanje, imaju dugotrajne kriminalne „karijere” i vrše raznovrsna krivična dela.
Cilj: Ukazivanje na problem nasilničkog kriminaliteta maloletnika i na potrebu sagledavanja onih karakteristika nasilnih maloletnika na koje bi trebalo delovati putem odgovarajućih programa tretmana i preventivnim merama.
Metod: U radu je dat pregled nalaza istraživanja o nasilničkom kriminalitetu maloletnika. Relevantni radovi su pretraženi i preuzeti iz onlajn baza podataka korišćenjem servisa EBSCO, HeinOnline, JSTOR, Oxford Journals, SAGE, Springer-Link i Wiley.
Rezultati: Istraživanja pokazuju da je nasilnički kriminalitet povezan sa mentalnim poremećajima učinilaca, psihopatskim crtama ličnosti, odsustvom samokontrole, emocija i sažaljenja, frustracijom, besom, zavisnošću od alkohola. Nasilni maloletnici su u velikom procentu i sami žrtve nasilnih krivičnih dela, štoje povezano sa kontinuiranom kriminalnom aktivnošću i udruživanjem sa devijantnim vršnjacima. Kada je reč o rodnim razlikama, istraživanja pokazuju da postoji veća verovatnoća da devojčice koje vrše nasilnički kriminalitet žive u depriviranim porodicama, da su bile izložene zlostavljanju i zanemarivanju, da su sklonije samopovređivanju i pokušajima samoubistva u odnosu na dečake koji vrše nasilnička krivična dela.
Zaključak: Postoji potreba za razvojem skrining instrumenata, kako bi se identifikovali maloletnici koji su pod povećanim rizikom vršenja nasilničkog kriminaliteta. Maloletnici koji ispoljavaju ekstremno nasilje drugačije reaguju na tretman u odnosu na maloletnike koji nisu ekstremno nasilni. Oni imaju potrebu za intenzivnijim i dugotrajnijim tretmanom uz aktivnu ulogu porodice u tom procesu.Introduction: Juvenile violent crime is attracting the attention of the public and professionals all over the world. The consequences of violence for individuals and society can be enormous: impaired health and quality of life, treatment costs, absence from work, increased fear of crime, public demands for severe punishment of perpetrators. Juveniles who commit violent crimes usually have an early onset of delinquency, persistent criminal careers, and commit a wider variety of crimes.
Aim: Pointing out the problem of juvenile violent crime, and the need to consider those characteristics of violent juveniles that should be addressed through appropriate treatment programs and preventive measures.
Method: The paper presents an overview of research findings on juvenile violent crime. Relevant articles were searched and extracted from online databases using services EBSCO, HeinOnline, JSTOR, Oxford Journals, SAGE, Springer-Link, and Wiley.
Results: Research shows that violent crime is associated with mental disorders, psychopathic personality traits, lack of self-control, lack of emotions, callousness, frustration, anger, alcohol addiction. A large percentage of violent juveniles are themselves victims of violent crimes, which is associated with continuous criminal activity and association with deviant peers. When it comes to gender differences, research shows that girls who commit violent crime are more likely than boys to live in deprived households, to have experienced abuse or neglect, and are more prone to commit self-harm and suicide attempts.
Conclusion: There is a need for the development of screening instruments to identify those juveniles who are at increased risk of committing violent crimes. Juveniles who exhibit extreme violence respond differently to treatment than juveniles who are not extremely violent. They need more intensive and long-term treatment with an active role of the family in that process
Characteristics of the educational status of juvenile delinquents
Get PDFUvod: Na osnovu istraživanja o uticaju delinkvencije na školovanje, uočava se da značajan broj maloletnih delinkvenata ima višestruke probleme tokom školovanja ili ne pohađa nastavu. Sa druge strane, uključivanje u pravosudni sistem zbog delinkventnog ponašanja remeti proces obrazovanja, od slabljenja školskog postignuća, do napuštanja školovanja u najtežim slučajevima.
Cilj: Cilj rada je sagledavanje obrazovnog statusa maloletnih delinkvenata. Metod: Analiza pravosudne statistike o registrovanom kriminalitetu maloletnika u Republici Srbiji u periodu od 2012-2019. godine.
Rezultati: Rezultati istraživanja ukazuju na to da oko 40% maloletnika (od 38,8% 2012. do 41,6% 2019.) u trenutku izvršenja krivičnog dela i oko 41,5% (od 47,3% 2012. do 35,5% 2019. godine) maloletnika u trenutku izricanja presude, nije bilo uključeno u obrazovni sistem ili te informacije nisu bile poznate. Iako tokom krivičnog postupka očekivano raste količina informacija o obrazovnom statusu maloletnika, sa druge strane uočava se povećanje broja maloletnika koji do izricanja krivične sankcije ostaju van obrazovnog procesa. Imajući u vidu prosečno trajanje krivičnog postupka prema maloletnicima, uočava se da oni neretko i po nekoliko meseci ostaju isključeni iz obrazovnog procesa. Dalje, uočava se da, iako broj maloletnika kojima je izrečena krivična sankcija, posebno u tri poslednje posmatrane godine (2017, 2018. i 2019.) opada, istovremeno se beleži porast broja maloletnika koji su van obrazovnog procesa.
Zaključak: U radu sa maloletnim delinkventima, kao dragocena, prepoznaje se saradnja između pravosudnog i obrazovnog sistema u krivičnim postupcima protiv maloletnika, kao i unapređivanje školske klime, neformalnog obrazovanja maloletnih delinkvenata, programa mentorstva, popravljanja odnosa sa nastavnicima i drugim akterima obrazovanja i vaspitanja. Na osnovu rezultata istraživanja, nameće se zaključak da bi trebalo uložiti napor svih aktera od interesa (od škole, preko porodice, do pravosuđa), kako ne bi došlo do prekida školovanja odnosno isključivanja maloletnika iz obrazovnog sistema.Introduction: Based on research on the impact of delinquency on schooling, it is noticed that a significant number of juvenile delinquents have multiple problems during schooling or do not attend classes. On the other hand, inclusion in the judicial system due to delinquent behavior disrupts the education process, from the weakening of school achievement to dropping out of school in the most difficult cases.
Aim: This paper’s aim is to consider the educational status of juvenile delinquents.
Method: Analysis of judicial statistics on registered juvenile delinquency in the Republic of Serbia in the period from 2012-2019. years.
Results: The research results show that around 40% of juveniles were not included in the education system when the criminal act was committed (from 38.8% in 2012 to 41.6% in 2019) and around 41.5% (from 47.3% 2012 to 35.5% 2019 year) when sanctions were imposed, or such information was not known. Although, as to be expected, the amount of available information on a juvenile’s educational status increases during criminal proceedings, on the other hand, there is also a significant increase in the number of juveniles who, until the imposing of criminal sanctions, remain outside the education process. Considering the average length of criminal proceedings against juveniles, it is noticeable that young offenders often remain excluded from the education system for several months. Further, it can be seen that although the number of juveniles against whom criminal sanctions were imposed, particularly in the last three monitored years (2017, 2018, and 2019), is on the decline, at the same time there is an increase in the number ofjuveniles who remain outside the education process.
Conclusion: In work with juvenile delinquents are all recognized as invaluable cooperation between the judiciary and the education system in criminal proceedings against juveniles, the improvement of the school climate, the informal education of juvenile delinquents, mentorship programs, and the improvement of relations with teachers and other actors in education and upbringing. Based on the research results, the conclusion drawn is that efforts should be made by all the main actors (from schools, through the family, to the judiciary) to prevent the interruption of schooling, i.e. the exclusion ofjuveniles from the education system
Empowerment Practice in Families Whose Child Has a Developmental Disability in the Serbian Context
Get PDFPurposeTo evaluate the extent to which families of children with developmental disabilities, in relation to parents of typically developing children, feel empowered and the way that their empowerment manifests itself.Design and methodsThe comparative research design was used in a quantitative, descriptive analysis of 99 families (57.6% were parents of children with developmental disabilities and 42.4% were parents of typically developing children). With regard to the research instrument, the Family Empowerment Scale was used based on a conceptual framework consisting of two dimensions: the level of empowerment and the way it is expressed. Results: The highest levels of parental empowerment were observed in the Family domain (M = 3.9; SD = 0.6), while the lowest were in the Community domain (M = 2.9, SD = 0.9). The statistical differences between the comparing groups of parents were most pronounced in the Family domain (Mann-Whitney U = 693.00, p = 0.00). Parents of children with developmental disabilities have demonstrated a lower level of family empowerment associated with attitudes, as well as behaviours and knowledge about specific ways in which they can help their child.ConclusionBased on data obtained from this study, it can be concluded that parents of children with developmental disabilities require extra support and empowerment in order to take a more active part in working with their child and making decisions relevant to his/her development in order to utilize all community – based resources available.acceptedVersionThis is the peer‐reviewed version of the article: Golubović, Š.; Milutinović, D.; Ilić, S.; Đorđević, M. Empowerment Practice in Families Whose Child Has a Developmental Disability in the Serbian Context. Journal of Pediatric Nursing 2021, 57, e15–e22. [https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pedn.2020.09.010
Factors affecting teachers' attitudes towards inclusion of students with autism spectrum disorder in Bosnia and Herzegovina
No full textTeachers’ attitudes towards the education of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) play a significant part in successfulness of the inclusive education. The goal of the present study was to examine the attitudes of teachers from Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) towards the inclusion of students with ASD in general education classes. The sample for this study comprised 105 elementary school teachers (75 females, 30 males) from different parts of BIH. We examined the attitudes in relation to teachers’ age, gender, education level, experience in work with children with ASD, self-efficacy, and additional training on ASD. The findings of this study indicate mainly positive attitudes of teachers towards the inclusion of students with ASD. However, at the same time, results reveal a sense of non-competence of teachers in providing educational and behavioural support to students with ASD. Teachers who had ASD training and who felt competent to work with children with ASD had significantly more favourable attitudes than teachers without such training and without a sense of teaching competence. Gender, age, and education level had no significant effect on the teachers’ attitudes. Results of this study clearly indicate the need for additional teacher training regarding the education of children with ASD.peer‐reviewed version of the article:[http://rfasper.fasper.bg.ac.rs/admin/item?administrative-continue=515562502d544a4573286d3d2614604e20651a28&view_item
Changes in child sexual victimization during pandemics in Croatia
Get PDFIntroduction: All countries around the world have experienced many changes due to COVID-19 pandemic and many of them affected children, directly or indirectly. Schools were closed in many countries and children were transferred to virtual learning environments, confined to their homes with restricted opportunities for usual ways of socializing with friends. Those circumstances increased time children spend online, both for educational and social purposes.
Many organizations, both governmental and non-governmental expressed concerns regarding possible impact of COVID-19 isolation measures on sex crimes against children, online as well as offline. Obtaining epidemiological data on child sexual abuse is connected with many methodological and ethical issues, especially in pandemic times. In times when the governmental anti- pandemic measures are still in force, we can rely only on official statistics, bearing in mind all limitations of this source of data.
Aim: The aim of this paper is to analyse child sexual abuse reported to the Croatian police in 2019 and 2020 in order to observe any changes that might be understood as a consequence of governmental isolation measures.
Method: Official police statistics for sex crime against children in 2019 and 2020 (on a monthly basis) were obtained from Department for juvenile delinquency and child protection.
Results: A decrease of 20% in total number of sex crimes against children is observed.
Conclusion: Changes in specific criminal offences on a monthly basis are elaborated in the paper, as well as possible measures for better protection of children from child sexual abuse in pandemic times
Importance of phonological awareness of the Serbian language in early English reading in children with developmental coordination disorder
Get PDFUvod: Razvojni poremećaj koordinacije karakterišu smetnje u planiranju i ko- ordinaciji složenih pokreta tokom akcije, bez prethodno dijagnostikovane inte- lektualne ometenosti, neurološkog ili nekog drugog senzornog oštećenja. Iako je relativno čest poremećaj u populaciji dece školskog uzrasta, povezanost sla- bijeg fonološkog razvoja na maternjem jeziku I čitanja na stranom jeziku kod ove grupe dece nije dovoljno istražena.
Cilj: Cilj rada je bio utvrđivanje povezanosti fonološke svesnosti srpskog jezika i početnog čitanja na engleskom jeziku kod dece sa razvojnim poremećajem koordinacije u odnosu na decu bez ove teškoće.
Metod: Uzorak je činilo 30 dece sa razvojnim poremećajem koordinacije i 41 dete bez ovih smetnji, starosti od 9,0 do 10,6 godina iz Beograda. Uzorak je bio ujednačen prema uzrastu. Za utvrđivanje razvojnog poremećaja koordinacije korišćen je Upitnik za razvojni poremećaj koordinacije. Fonološka svesnost je procenjena Testom fonološke svesnosti srpskog jezika. Čitanje pojedinačnih reči na engleskom jeziku procenjeno je BURT testom (The Burt Word Reading Test).
Rezultati: Na proceni fonološke svesnosti i čitanja pojedinačnih reči na engle- skom jeziku, deca sa razvojnim poremećajem koordinacije pokazuju statistički značajne razlike u odnosu na decu bez ovih smetnji, i ispodprosečna posti- gnuća. Korelacionom analizom pojedinačnih elemenata fonološke svesnosti srpskog jezika i čitanja pojedinačnih reči na engleskom jeziku, kod dece bez smetnji u koordinaciji, se uočava veći broj korelacija između elemenata fono- loške svesnosti maternjeg jezika i postignuća u čitanju reči na stranom jeziku.
Za razliku od ove dece, kod dece sa razvojnim poremećajem koordinacije se eliminacija fonema izdvaja kao najznačajniji element fonologije, ostvarujući snažnu korelaciju sa postignućima u čitanju reči na engleskom jeziku.
Zaključak: Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da deca sa razvojnim poremećajem ko- ordinacije pokazuju smetnje u fonološkoj obradi, ali i slabije čitanje na engle- skom jeziku, u odnosu na decu bez ove teškoće. Dobijeni rezultati korelacione analize ukazuju na značajnost njenog razvoja u početnom ovladavanju vešti- nom čitanja na novom jeziku.Introduction: Developmental coordination disorder is manifested by difficulties in the planning and coordination of complex movements during action, without previously diagnosed intellectual disability, neurological or other sensory impairment. As a frequent disorder in school age children, the relationship between weak phonological awareness in the native language and reading in a foreign language in this group of children has not been investigated before.
Aim: The aim was to determine the correlation between phonological awareness of the Serbian language and initial reading in English in children with developmental coordination disorder and children without coordination difficulty.
Method: The sample consisted of 30 children with developmental coordination disorder and 41 children without this disorder, aged from 9.0 to 10.6 years from Belgrade.
The sample was matched by age. The Developmental Coordination Questionnaire was used to assess developmental coordination disorder. Phonological awareness was assessed by the Phonological Awareness Test of the Serbian language. The BURT Test was used for the assessment of word reading in English.
Results: Children with developmental coordination disorder showed below average achievements in phonological awareness and reading single words in English. Correlation analysis of single aspects of phonological awareness in the Serbian language and reading single words in English, in children without coordination difficulties, shows a larger number of correlations between elements of phonological awareness of the native language and better word reading in a foreign language. In contrast, in children with developmental coordination disorder, the elimination of phonemes stands out as the most important element of phonology, achieving a strong correlation with success of single word reading in English.
Conclusion: The obtained results indicate that children with developmental coordination disorder show a phonological delay in their native language, but also a low-level reading in English. The results of correlation analysis indicate the importance of phonological development in the native language for early reading in a new language
Factors affecting teachers' attitudes towards inclusion of students with autism spectrum disorder in Bosnia and Herzegovina
Get PDFTeachers’ attitudes towards the education of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) play a significant part in successfulness of the inclusive education. The goal of the present study was to examine the attitudes of teachers from Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) towards the inclusion of students with ASD in general education classes. The sample for this study comprised 105 elementary school teachers (75 females, 30 males) from different parts of BIH. We examined the attitudes in relation to teachers’ age, gender, education level, experience in work with children with ASD, self-efficacy, and additional training on ASD. The findings of this study indicate mainly positive attitudes of teachers towards the inclusion of students with ASD. However, at the same time, results reveal a sense of non-competence of teachers in providing educational and behavioural support to students with ASD. Teachers who had ASD training and who felt competent to work with children with ASD had significantly more favourable attitudes than teachers without such training and without a sense of teaching competence. Gender, age, and education level had no significant effect on the teachers’ attitudes. Results of this study clearly indicate the need for additional teacher training regarding the education of children with ASD.This is the peer‐reviewed version of the article: Memisevic, H.; Dizdarevic, A.; Mujezinovic, A.; Djordjevic, M. Factors Affecting Teachers’ Attitudes towards Inclusion of Students with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Bosnia and Herzegovina. International Journal of Inclusive Education 2021, 0 (0), 1–17. [https://doi.org/10.1080/13603116.2021.1991489