International Journal of Accounting, Finance, Auditing, Management and Economics - IJAFAME
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Fostering Sustainability in the Supply Chain: A Systematic Review Using the PRISMA Method to Examine Progress in Green Logistics
No full textOver the last few years, there has been a surge of interest in the green supply chain and sustainability within academic circles, research communities, and educational institutions. This growing interest can be attributed to the complex environmental challenges posed by global climate change, the global pandemic (COVID-19), uncertain demand, and the emphasis on corporate social responsibility (CSR). This article aims to consolidate previous research efforts, identify key trends and gaps in the field, and understand the impact of green logistics and CSR on the sustainable development (SD) of companies through a comprehensive analysis of papers and articles. We adopted the PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach to conduct a systematic review. The results highlight a positive correlation between green logistics, CSR, and SD, with organizations reporting lower operating costs due to improved energy efficiency and effective management practices. To gain deeper insights into the opportunities and challenges unique to each area, future research may involve conducting detailed empirical investigations and engaging in interviews with organizations. This literature survey offers a broad perspective on SD and the green supply chain. In order to support well-informed decision-making and strategic planning in the field of corporate sustainability, this literature review offers a comprehensive viewpoint on SD in connection to the green supply chain.
Keywords: Green logistics, sustainable development, sustainable supply chain, CSR, organizational performance.
JEL Classification: Q56
Paper type: Theoretical Research Over the last few years, there has been a surge of interest in the green supply chain and sustainability within academic circles, research communities, and educational institutions. This growing interest can be attributed to the complex environmental challenges posed by global climate change, the global pandemic (COVID-19), uncertain demand, and the emphasis on corporate social responsibility (CSR). This article aims to consolidate previous research efforts, identify key trends and gaps in the field, and understand the impact of green logistics and CSR on the sustainable development (SD) of companies through a comprehensive analysis of papers and articles. We adopted the PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) approach to conduct a systematic review. The results highlight a positive correlation between green logistics, CSR, and SD, with organizations reporting lower operating costs due to improved energy efficiency and effective management practices. To gain deeper insights into the opportunities and challenges unique to each area, future research may involve conducting detailed empirical investigations and engaging in interviews with organizations. This literature survey offers a broad perspective on SD and the green supply chain. In order to support well-informed decision-making and strategic planning in the field of corporate sustainability, this literature review offers a comprehensive viewpoint on SD in connection to the green supply chain.
Keywords: Green logistics, sustainable development, sustainable supply chain, CSR, organizational performance.
JEL Classification: Q56
Paper type: Theoretical Research 
Challenges in Achieving Sustainable Development
No full textThe notion of "sustainable development" calls for a prevalent idea that emphasizes the equilibrium between humans needs, progress’ economic, protection of environment, in the last the social peace. Interestingly, a method we might consider in addition to what has been depicted across a range of media, does not restrict in the long run expansion exclusively the brink of ecological devastation. There is a substantial body of literature on sustainable development, with several social structures, institutions, and groups lobbying for its implementation. The environment is regarded as a shared resource that is available to all without requiring any financial commitment. Because of the lack of cost associated with this method, natural resources have depleted and climate change has emerged, both of which represent substantial obstacles to our hopes for sustainable growth.
This essay's goal is to address this problem by presenting a review of the literature. Our content is organized around four major components. If growth is meant to benefit future generations, it is deemed "sustainable". Development that is equitable, productive, and environmentally sustainable is necessary for long-term progress. It is essential to see the economy as a means to an end, the social as a goal, and the land as a condition. In order to solve and navigate the issues confronting the planet and humanity, states, corporations, associations, organizations, local councils, individuals, and scientists must collaborate.
Key-words: Sustainable development; Environment; Challenges; Morocco; Achieving.
JEL: Q01
Paper type: theoretical ResearchThe notion of "sustainable development" calls for a prevalent idea that emphasizes the equilibrium between humans needs, progress’ economic, protection of environment, in the last the social peace. Interestingly, a method we might consider in addition to what has been depicted across a range of media, does not restrict in the long run expansion exclusively the brink of ecological devastation. There is a substantial body of literature on sustainable development, with several social structures, institutions, and groups lobbying for its implementation. The environment is regarded as a shared resource that is available to all without requiring any financial commitment. Because of the lack of cost associated with this method, natural resources have depleted and climate change has emerged, both of which represent substantial obstacles to our hopes for sustainable growth.
This essay's goal is to address this problem by presenting a review of the literature. Our content is organized around four major components. If growth is meant to benefit future generations, it is deemed "sustainable". Development that is equitable, productive, and environmentally sustainable is necessary for long-term progress. It is essential to see the economy as a means to an end, the social as a goal, and the land as a condition. In order to solve and navigate the issues confronting the planet and humanity, states, corporations, associations, organizations, local councils, individuals, and scientists must collaborate.
Key-words: Sustainable development; Environment; Challenges; Morocco; Achieving.
JEL: Q01
Paper type: theoretical Researc
Exploration multidimensionnelle de la confiance, de la satisfaction et de l'engagement dans le contexte d’une relation banque client dans l’ère du digital : Une revue de littérature
No full textThis article explores the key concepts of trust, satisfaction and commitment in e-banking, using a methodological approach based on a literature review. Trust is recognized as an indispensable variable in exchange relationships, positively influencing purchase intentions and customer loyalty. It is approached from various disciplinary angles, such as social psychology, economics, sociology and marketing, with authors such as Morgan and Hunt (1994), and Berry and Parasuraman (1991) emphasizing its crucial role in customer-firm interactions. Trust manifests itself in different forms, including cognitive trust, based on knowledge and expectations of predictability, and affective trust, based on a sense of security and emotional identification with the brand.
The article also examines commitment, defined as a psychological force attaching the customer to the company, differentiating those who stay from those who leave. Commitment is crucial in the organizational behavior and service marketing literature, leading to loyalty and stable, long-lasting customer-firm relationships. Authors such as Morgan and Hunt (1994) and Geyskens et al. (1996) have highlighted the importance of commitment to the long-term success of customer-supplier relationships.
Satisfaction, an emotional state resulting from the cumulative evaluation of the relationship with the company, is also addressed as a key element of relationship quality. It plays a mediating role between the relational strategies implemented by the company and relational outcomes, influencing loyalty, complaint and word-of-mouth behaviors.
The article emphasizes that in the context of e-banking, customer relationship management is enriched by the integration of information and communication technologies. E-banking enables financial institutions to collect customer data through transactions, facilitating greater personalization and enhancement of the customer relationship. Customer loyalty, a key objective of customer relationship management programs, is addressed through customer retention and long-term retention, based on the dual conviction that keeping a customer cost less than winning over new ones.
In conclusion, the article highlights that to remain competitive, companies must adopt marketing strategies that integrate trust, satisfaction and commitment, supported by customer relationship management programs.
Keywords: e-banking, trust, satisfaction, commitment, loyalty
JEL Classification : M3, O33
Paper type: Theoretical Research.Cet article explore les concepts clés de confiance, de satisfaction et d'engagement dans le domaine du e-banking, en utilisant une approche méthodologique basée sur une revue de littérature. La confiance est reconnue comme une variable indispensable dans les relations d'échange, influençant positivement les intentions d'achat et la fidélisation des clients. Elle est abordée sous divers angles disciplinaires, tels que la psychologie sociale, l'économie, la sociologie, et le marketing, avec des auteurs comme Morgan et Hunt (1994), et Berry et Parasuraman (1991) soulignant son rôle crucial dans les interactions client-firme. La confiance se manifeste sous différentes formes, incluant la confiance cognitive, fondée sur des connaissances et des attentes de prévisibilité, et la confiance affective, basée sur un sentiment de sécurité et d'identification émotionnelle avec la marque.
L'article examine également l'engagement, défini comme une force psychologique attachant le client à l'entreprise, différenciant ceux qui restent de ceux qui partent. L'engagement est crucial dans la littérature de comportement organisationnel et de marketing des services, conduisant à la fidélité et à des relations client-firme stables et durables. Des auteurs comme Morgan et Hunt (1994) et Geyskens et al. (1996) ont mis en évidence l'importance de l'engagement pour le succès à long terme des relations client-fournisseur.
La satisfaction, un état émotionnel résultant de l'évaluation cumulative de la relation avec l'entreprise, est également abordée comme un élément clé de la qualité de la relation. Elle joue un rôle médiateur entre les stratégies relationnelles mises en œuvre par l'entreprise et les résultats relationnels, influençant les comportements de fidélité, de réclamation, et de bouche-à-oreille.
L'article souligne que dans le contexte du e-banking, la gestion de la relation client est enrichie par l'intégration des technologies de l'information et de la communication. L'e-banking permet aux institutions financières de collecter des données client à travers les transactions, facilitant une personnalisation accrue et une valorisation de la relation client. La fidélisation des clients, un objectif clé des programmes de gestion de la relation client, est abordée à travers la rétention et la conservation à long terme des clients, s'appuyant sur la double conviction que garder un client coûte moins cher que d'en conquérir de nouveaux.
En conclusion, l'article met en évidence que pour rester compétitives, les entreprises doivent adopter des stratégies marketing qui intègrent la confiance, la satisfaction et l'engagement, en s'appuyant sur des programmes de gestion de la relation client.
Mots clés : e-banking, confiance, satisfaction, engagement, fidélisation
Classification JEL: M3, O33
Type de l’article : article théorique
Analyse par composantes principales des déterminants de la résilience des petits exploitants agricoles de la Vallée du Souss
No full textThis study uses the RIMA-II framework (FAO, 2016) to analyze the determinants of resilience among smallholder farmers in the Souss Valley, focusing on four key pillars: access to basic services, agricultural and non-agricultural assets, social safety nets, and adaptive capacity. The methodological approach is based on two steps: principal component analysis (PCA) followed by Varimax rotation. PCA helped simplify the data and identify a coherent set of variables influencing resilience. The results reveal that the accessibility of public services has a strong impact on the first pillar, while land and agricultural resources are essential for the second pillar. Participation in community organizations is a key factor for the third pillar, and agricultural resources and practices play a major role in the fourth pillar. This analysis provides an in-depth understanding of the primary determinants of resilience for households in this historically agricultural region of Morocco.
Keywords: PCA, Resilience, RIMA II, Smallholder Farmers, Souss Valley.
JEL Classification : O13
Paper type : Empirical researchCette étude utilise le cadre RIMA-II (FAO, 2016) pour analyser les déterminants de la résilience des petits exploitants agricoles dans la vallée du Souss, en s'appuyant sur quatre piliers clés : accès aux services de base, actifs agricoles et non agricoles, filets de sécurité sociale et capacité d'adaptation. L'approche méthodologique repose sur deux étapes : une analyse en composantes principales (ACP) suivie d'une rotation Varimax. L'ACP a permis de simplifier les données et d'identifier un ensemble cohérent de variables influençant la résilience. Les résultats révèlent que l'accessibilité des services publics impacte fortement le premier pilier, tandis que les ressources foncières et agricoles sont essentielles pour le deuxième pilier. La participation dans les organisations communautaires est déterminante pour le troisième pilier, et les ressources et pratiques agricoles jouent un rôle clé dans le quatrième pilier. Cette analyse fournit une compréhension approfondie des principaux déterminants de la résilience des ménages dans cette région historiquement agricole du Maroc.
Mots-clés : ACP, Petits exploitants, Résilience, RIMA II, Vallée du Souss.
JEL Classification : O13
Type de papier : Recherche empiriqu
Empowering immigrant entrepreneurship through digitalization: understanding the role of digital social capital
No full textEntrepreneurship research field is undergoing a transformative shift, with immigrants increasingly contributing to the canvas of innovation and economic growth in host countries. This article explores the pivotal role that digital social capital plays in facilitating and enhancing the entrepreneurial journey of immigrants. As nations grapple with the challenges of immigration and integration, harnessing the power of technology and virtual networks has emerged as a critical factor in facilitating the emergence of immigrant entrepreneurship.
Drawing upon a comprehensive review of existing literature and studies, this research elucidates how digital platforms have revolutionized entrepreneurial processes, serving as invaluable knowledge repositories, providing newcomers with vital services and funding sources. Moreover, they foster a sense of belonging and cultural exchange, thereby enhancing the resilience and adaptability of immigrant entrepreneurs in unfamiliar environments.
Online communities, as a subset of digital platforms, are explored for their unique contributions. These virtual networks facilitate cultural preservation and identity formation, enabling immigrants to draw strength from their heritage while navigating the complexities of entrepreneurship in a foreign land.
Our narrative review emphasizes the vital importance of digital social capital in empowering immigrant entrepreneurs, providing them with essential resources, networks, and opportunities that may not be readily accessible through traditional means. The findings of this research underscore the need for ongoing exploration and in-depth analysis to understand and harness the potential of digital tools fully. Moreover, it calls for sustained efforts in the form of targeted policy initiatives, research endeavors, and collaborative efforts between industry stakeholders, academic institutions, and government agencies. Such a comprehensive approach is essential to optimize and maximize the benefits that digitalization can offer to immigrant entrepreneurs, ensuring they are well-equipped and supported as they navigate the complexities of entrepreneurship in their new environments.
Keywords: Immigrant entrepreneurship, digitalization, social capital, networks.
Classification JEL: M13.
Paper type: Theoretical Research.Le champ de la recherche en entrepreneuriat connaît une transformation profonde, où les immigrés jouent un rôle croissant dans l’innovation et la croissance économique des pays d’accueil. Ainsi, face aux défis posés par l’immigration et l’intégration, l’exploitation des technologies et des réseaux virtuels émerge comme un levier fondamental pour stimuler l’entrepreneuriat immigré.
En s’appuyant sur une revue exhaustive de la littérature et des études pratiques, cette recherche démontre comment les plateformes digitales ont révolutionné les dynamiques entrepreneuriales. Elles deviennent des réservoirs indispensables de savoirs, apportant aux nouveaux arrivants des services cruciaux et des sources de financement inédites. De plus, elles favorisent un sentiment d’appartenance et d’échange culturel, renforçant ainsi la résilience et la capacité d’adaptation des entrepreneurs immigrés dans des environnements inconnus et parfois hostiles.
Les communautés en ligne, en tant que sous-ensembles spécifiques des plateformes digitales, sont explorées pour leur rôle unique. Ces réseaux virtuels facilitent la préservation des identités culturelles et la formation d’un sentiment de communauté, permettant aux immigrés de puiser dans leurs racines tout en relevant les défis de l’entrepreneuriat dans un contexte étranger.
Notre narrative review met en lumière l’importance cruciale du capital social digital pour autonomiser les entrepreneurs immigrés, en leur fournissant des ressources, des réseaux et des opportunités difficilement accessibles par des moyens traditionnels. Les résultats de cette recherche soulignent la nécessité d’une exploration approfondie et continue pour comprendre pleinement le potentiel de ces outils. Ils appellent également à la mise en place d’initiatives politiques ciblées, de projets de recherche et de collaborations entre les parties prenantes du secteur, les institutions académiques et les agences gouvernementales. Une approche coordonnée et globale s’impose pour optimiser et maximiser les bénéfices que la digitalisation peut offrir aux entrepreneurs immigrés, afin de les doter du soutien nécessaire pour achever leurs potentiels.
Mots clés : Entrepreneuriat immigré, digitalisation, capital social, networks.
JEL Classification : M13.
Type du papier : Recherche Théorique
Gestion des Connaissances dans le Secteur Public : Modèles d'Excellence à l’Échelle Internationale
No full textThis paper examines the transformation of knowledge management (KM) in the public sector through a comparative analysis of practices and strategies adopted across various countries. Drawing on case studies from the United States, Canada, South Korea, the United Kingdom, and Australia, the article highlights how digitization, technological innovation, and collaboration have enhanced administrative efficiency and the quality of public services. Each case study provides unique insights into how public administrations can leverage KM to address modern challenges by promoting knowledge sharing, transparency, and citizen engagement. Benchmarking reveals diverse approaches and promising outcomes, demonstrating that strategic knowledge management is a key driver for modernizing the public sector globally.
Keywords: Knowledge Management (KM) - Public Sector - Digitization - Technological InnovationAdministrative Efficiency - Knowledge Sharing - Citizen Engagement - Transparency - Strategic Knowledge Management.
Classification JEL: O32
Paper type: Theoretical ResearchCet article analyse la transformation de la gestion des connaissances (GC) dans le secteur public à travers une étude comparative des pratiques adoptées dans des pays comme les États-Unis, le Canada, la Corée du Sud, le Royaume-Uni et l’Australie. Notre objectif est de comprendre comment les administrations publiques peuvent utiliser la GC pour relever les défis croissants de complexité administrative, tout en améliorant la qualité des services publics, la transparence et l’engagement citoyen. La question principale explorée porte sur l’exploitation des connaissances comme levier stratégique pour la modernisation du secteur public.
Nous avons adopté une revue intégrative combinée à l’analyse d’études de cas empiriques. Ces cas montrent l’importance de la digitalisation, de l’innovation technologique et de la collaboration interinstitutionnelle. Nos conclusions s’appuient sur l’économie de la connaissance (Drucker, 1993), la théorie des capacités dynamiques (Teece et al., 1997), et l’apprentissage organisationnel (Nonaka & Takeuchi, 1995). Elles mettent en lumière les convergences sur l’importance du partage des connaissances, mais pointent des divergences quant aux outils institutionnels. Les principales limites identifiées concernent le manque d’adaptabilité universelle des modèles aux contextes bureaucratiques et l’évaluation des impacts concrets sur les performances organisationnelles.
Les mots clés : Gestion des connaissances (GC)- Secteur public- Digitalisation- Innovation technologique-Efficacité administrative- Partage des connaissances- Engagement citoyen- Transparence-Gestion stratégique des connaissances.Haut du formulaire
JEL Classification : O32
Type du papier : Recherche théorique
 
Casablanca en mutation : évaluation des initiatives de ville intelligente et durable
No full textThe aim of this study is to analyze the transformation of Casablanca into a smart and sustainable city, a crucial process in the era of rapid urbanization and growing environmental challenges. We focus on key indicators such as energy management, smart urban mobility, and environmental preservation. While innovative projects, including smart air and waste management systems, are underway, the city faces significant challenges. Among these challenges are disparities in access to technology, meaning that not all communities equally benefit from technological advancements. This can create inequalities in access to essential services, such as smart transportation and sustainable infrastructure. Additionally, cybersecurity issues are emerging with the increased use of digital technologies, rendering the city vulnerable to potential attacks that could disrupt public services. Another concerning aspect is the insufficient participation of stakeholders, including citizens and local businesses. Their engagement is essential to ensure that the initiatives implemented address the actual needs of the population and to guarantee an inclusive transition process. To tackle these issues, we collected data through surveys and field analyses, applying an econometric methodology based on ISO standards. This approach allows us to evaluate the intelligence and sustainability indicators of Casablanca while identifying weaknesses that hinder its development. The results show that, despite notable advancements, such as the implementation of green technologies and sustainable transportation projects, the city still suffers from significant gaps in technology integration and local stakeholder mobilization. In conclusion, it is crucial to strengthen collaboration among authorities, businesses, and citizens to overcome the identified obstacles. Strategic partnerships and better communication are necessary to encourage active participation and ensure that initiatives are tailored to the needs of residents. This will enable the achievement of the goals of a smart and sustainable city, ensuring a more inclusive, equitable, and resilient future for all inhabitants of Casablanca.
Keywords : Smart city, Sustainable city, ISO standards
Classification JEL : O3
Paper type: Theoretical ResearchL'objet de cette étude est d'analyser la transformation de Casablanca en une ville intelligente et durable, un processus crucial à l'ère de l'urbanisation rapide et des défis environnementaux croissants. Nous nous concentrons sur des indicateurs clés tels que la gestion de l'énergie, la mobilité urbaine intelligente et la préservation de l'environnement. Bien que des projets innovants, tels que les systèmes de gestion de l'air et des déchets intelligents, soient en cours, la ville fait face à des défis significatifs. Parmi ces défis, on note des disparités d'accès aux technologies, ce qui signifie que toutes les communautés ne bénéficient pas également des avancées technologiques. Cela peut créer des inégalités dans l'accès aux services essentiels, tels que le transport intelligent et les infrastructures durables. De plus, des problèmes de cybersécurité émergent avec l'augmentation de l'utilisation des technologies numériques, rendant la ville vulnérable à des attaques potentielles qui pourraient perturber les services publics. Un autre aspect préoccupant est la participation insuffisante des parties prenantes, notamment des citoyens et des entreprises locales. Leur engagement est essentiel pour assurer que les initiatives mises en place répondent aux besoins réels de la population et pour garantir un processus de transition inclusive.
Pour répondre à ces problématiques, nous avons recueilli des données à travers des enquêtes et des analyses de terrain, en appliquant une méthodologie économétrique basée sur les normes ISO. Cette approche nous permet d'évaluer les indicateurs d'intelligence et de durabilité de Casablanca, tout en identifiant les points faibles qui entravent son développement. Les résultats montrent que, malgré des avancées notables, comme l'implémentation de technologies vertes et des projets de transport durable, la ville souffre encore de lacunes importantes dans l'intégration des technologies et la mobilisation des acteurs locaux. En conclusion, il est crucial de renforcer la collaboration entre les autorités, les entreprises et les citoyens pour surmonter les obstacles identifiés. Des partenariats stratégiques et une meilleure communication sont nécessaires pour encourager une participation active et garantir que les initiatives soient adaptées aux besoins des habitants. Cela permettra d’atteindre les objectifs d'une ville intelligente et durable, en assurant un avenir plus inclusif, équitable et résilient pour tous les habitants de Casablanca.
Mots clés : Ville intelligente, Ville durable, Normes ISO
Classification JEL : O3
Type de papier : Recherche empirique
 
La perception de l’impôt sur les revenus locatifs dans la Commune de Kasa-vubu sur le développement de Kinshasa : Faits et contraintes
No full textThis article highlights the collection of tax on rental income in the commune of Kasa-vubu. The aim is to identify and analyse the facts and constraints associated with the IRL in order to assess its impact on the sustainable development of the Commune.
To carry out this study, we used functional and analytical methods, combined with documentary research and observation. A random sample of 70 subjects formed the basis of this research. Data was collected using a survey questionnaire and interviews with a number of resource persons. The data was analysed using computer tools, including Epi data 3.1 for data encoding and SPSS 20 for statistics.
The results indicate that the IRL is operational in the budgetary tax system of the commune of Kasa-Vubu, where several houses are rented. These include houses with two rooms (39.6%), one room (37.7%) and more than three rooms (20.8%). Income from the IRL is low. This rate was 20% in 2023. Only 39% of lessors surveyed make an effort to pay their IRL, compared with 61% who avoid doing so. Aware that IRL can contribute to the development of the municipality, suggestions have been made for the application and improvement of the municipality's tax base.
Key words: Evaluation, impact, tax on rental income, development, Kinshasa
JEL Classification: E63, J68, P43
Paper type: Empirical researchCet article met en évidence la perception de l’impôt sur les revenus locatifs dans la commune de Kasa-vubu. L’objectif poursuivi est d’identifier et analyser les faits et contraintes liées à l’IRL en vue d’en évaluer l’impact sur le développement durable de ladite Commune.
Pour mener cette étude, nous avons recouru aux méthodes fonctionnelle et analytique, couplée de la recherche documentaire et de l’observation. Un échantillon aléatoire de 70 sujets a constitué la base de cette recherche. La collecte des données s’est faite moyennant un questionnaire d’enquête et un entretien avec quelques personnes-ressources. L’analyse des données s’est fait grâce à l’apport de l’outil informatique dont le logiciel Epi data 3.1 a servi à l’encodage des données et le SPSS 20 pour les statistiques.
Les résultats obtenus indiquent que l’IRL est opérationnel dans le système fiscal budgétaire de la commune de Kasa-Vubu, dont plusieurs maisons sont en location. Parmi lesquelles, celles à deux pièces (39, 6%), à une pièce (37,7%) et à plus de trois (20,8%). Les recettes sur l’IRL sont faibles. Ce taux était de 20 % en 2023. 39% seulement des bailleurs enquêtés s’efforcent de payer leur IRL contre 61% qui évitent de le faire. Conscient que l’IRL peut contribuer au développement à la commune, des propositions ont été émises en plus de suggestions pour application et amélioration de l’assiette fiscale de cette commune.
Mots-clés : Perception, impact, impôt sur les revenus locatifs, développement urbain, Kinshasa
Classification JEL : E63, J68, P43
Type de l’article : Recherche empirique
 
Les mécanismes de Gouvernance et Création de la Valeur Partenariale : Rôle de l’optimisation Fiscale : une Revue Conceptuelle et Proposition d’un Modèle de Recherche
No full textResearch in management sciences has proposed a body of work on value creation for decades. However, the literature lacks consensus to delimit this concept. In this sense, this article aims to elucidate this concept in its different facets by introducing tax optimization as a mediating variable. this concept of value creation is both its richness and the difficulty of defining it; However, value creation is placed at the center of the explanations given to the most important choices made by managers. This notion of created value is not reduced to the sole transaction between the firm and the managers; the analysis of the process of this value creation is linked to the governance mechanisms. These funds have a role in the partnership value, but can have more impact if it leads to good tax optimization. Thus, to better examine the complexity of this notion, we presented a review of the literature on the notion of value and then on the concept of value creation. We also deemed it necessary to analyze the different levers or mechanisms of value creation to better understand this notion and limit the multiple concepts associated with it. Finally, the last section of our article made it possible to present an explanatory model of the role of tax optimization in the creation of partnership value. Indeed, good governance helps ensure transparency, efficiency and accountability, while tax optimization helps maximize profits and reduce tax costs which leads to value creation. These two aspects combined can help strengthen relationships between partners, drive business growth and maximize value for all business stakeholders.
Keywords: Governance; Partnership Value; Tax optimization
Classification JEL : H1, H2, H3
Paper type : Theoretical ResearchLes recherches en sciences de gestion ont proposé un ensemble de travaux sur la création de valeur durant plus de décennies. Toutefois, la littérature manque de consensus permettant de délimiter ce concept. Dans ce sens la nature de la revue de littérature de cet article est de nature conceptuelle. Cet article a pour objectif d’élucider ce concept sous ses différentes facettes en introduisant l’optimisation fiscale comme une variable médiatrice. Ce concept de création de valeur en fait à la fois sa richesse et la difficulté de le définir ; pourtant, la création de valeur est placée au centre des explications apportées aux choix les plus importants opérés par les dirigeants. Cette notion de valeur créée ne se réduit pas à la seule transaction entre la firme et les dirigeants, l’analyse du processus de cette création de valeur est en liaison avec les mécanismes de gouvernance. Ces deniers ont un rôle sur la valeur partenariale, mais peuvent avoir plus d’impact si cela induit une bonne optimisation fiscale. Ainsi, pour mieux examiner la complexité de cette notion, nous avons présenté une revue de la littérature sur la notion de la valeur puis sur le concept de la création de valeur. Nous avons également jugé nécessaire d’analyser les différents leviers ou mécanismes de la création de valeur pour mieux cerner cette notion et limiter les multiples concepts qui lui sont associés. Finalement, la dernière section de notre article a permis de présenter un modèle explicatif du rôle de l’optimisation fiscale dans la création de valeur partenariale. En effet, une bonne gouvernance permet d'assurer la transparence, l'efficacité et la responsabilité, tandis que l'optimisation fiscale permet de maximiser les bénéfices et de réduire les coûts fiscaux qui conduisent à la création de valeur. Ces deux aspects combinés peuvent contribuer à renforcer les relations entre les partenaires, à favoriser la croissance de l'entreprise et à maximiser la valeur pour toutes les parties prenantes de l’entreprise.
Mots clés : Gouvernance ; Valeur Partenariale ; Optimisation fiscale
JEL Classification : H1, H2, H3
Type du papier : Recherche Théoriqu
The Impact of Crowdfunding on Social Entrepreneurship in Morocco: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach
No full textFaced with challenges in accessing traditional funding, crowdfunding offers an innovative solution. It enables social entrepreneurs to raise funds while mobilizing communities sensitive to their social and environmental goals. Indeed, crowdfunding has seen remarkable growth in developed countries and represents an exponentially growing global market.
In Morocco, the new Law No. 15-18 on collaborative financing, introduced in 2021, removed regulatory barriers blocking crowdfunding development. This law, finally adopted several years after it was drafted and thirteen years after the practical emergence of crowdfunding in the United States marks a new step in diversifying Morocco's financial instruments. Its goals include strengthening financial inclusion for young project holders, supporting economic and social development, and channeling collective savings into new opportunities.
This article examines the impact of crowdfunding on social entrepreneurship financing following the introduction of Law 15-18 in Morocco. Using structural equation modeling, we analyzed the relationships between crowdfunding, social entrepreneurship financing, and the newly introduced Moroccan regulations. The study was conducted with a sample of 200 Moroccan internet users.
To draw valid conclusions, we adopted a methodological approach rooted in the postpositivist paradigm, using a hypothetical deductive approach where the hypotheses were derived from theory. Following this logic, we employed a quantitative approach based on structural equation modeling, explicitly using the LISREL method. By validating the research hypotheses, we demonstrated that crowdfunding, supported by Law No. 15-18, plays a crucial role in providing access to financing for social projects.
Keywords: Social entrepreneurship, Crowdfunding, collaborative financing.
Classification JEL : B55, C3, L31, F65, G23
Paper type: Empirical ResearchFaced with challenges in accessing traditional funding, crowdfunding offers an innovative solution. It enables social entrepreneurs to raise funds while mobilizing communities sensitive to their social and environmental goals. Indeed, crowdfunding has seen remarkable growth in developed countries and represents an exponentially growing global market.
In Morocco, the new Law No. 15-18 on collaborative financing, introduced in 2021, removed regulatory barriers blocking crowdfunding development. This law, finally adopted several years after it was drafted and thirteen years after the practical emergence of crowdfunding in the United States marks a new step in diversifying Morocco's financial instruments. Its goals include strengthening financial inclusion for young project holders, supporting economic and social development, and channeling collective savings into new opportunities.
This article examines the impact of crowdfunding on social entrepreneurship financing following the introduction of Law 15-18 in Morocco. Using structural equation modeling, we analyzed the relationships between crowdfunding, social entrepreneurship financing, and the newly introduced Moroccan regulations. The study was conducted with a sample of 200 Moroccan internet users.
To draw valid conclusions, we adopted a methodological approach rooted in the postpositivist paradigm, using a hypothetical deductive approach where the hypotheses were derived from theory. Following this logic, we employed a quantitative approach based on structural equation modeling, explicitly using the LISREL method. By validating the research hypotheses, we demonstrated that crowdfunding, supported by Law No. 15-18, plays a crucial role in providing access to financing for social projects.
Keywords: Social entrepreneurship, Crowdfunding, collaborative financing.
Classification JEL : B55, C3, L31, F65, G23
Paper type: Empirical Researc