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Neurophysiological grading tool of ulnar nerve entrapment across the elbow
No full textUlnar nerve entrapment across the elbow (UNEAE) is the second most common entrapment of the hand after carpal tunnel syndrome. There are few grades available for UNEAE with their limitations.The aim of this research is to establish, using the best available evidence, a clinically appropriate revision of the current ulnar nerve conduction grading tool and to evaluate its effectiveness in terms of acceptability, without any invasive tests. To compare the recording from the first dorsal interosseous (FDI) muscles with the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscle to see which muscle is more sensitive and shows early changes in ulnar nerve entrapment. The revised scale is designed from a clinical physiologist’s perspective and is based on the numerical values of nerve conduction findings. It could also assist surgeons to use this as a tool for interventional prediction.The proposed revised grading system is based on more nuanced, descriptive categories, ranging from “normal, “early, “mild, “moderate, “severe,” and “complete” absence. An additional category of clinical grading is therefore proposed.Method: Data was collected based on the extensive and detailed grading system previously described by Padua. The tests were performed by a qualified clinical physiologist (neurophysiology) using a Keypoint 9033A07 machine, used in line with the departmental protocol (peripheral protocol 1, 2015). The Association of Neurophysiological Scientists (ANS) and British Society of Clinical Neurophysiology (BSCN) (2014) guidelines and minimum standards for the practice of clinical neurophysiology in the United Kingdom were followed. All data was recorded numerically to ensure methodological reliability.Result: The data was collected over the course of one year (2017). A total of 190 patients were involved in this study. A collection of 278 consecutive symptomatic hands was tested for conduction block across the elbow while recording from the first dorsal interosseous FDI muscles. Out of the 278 samples, 201 hands were graded as having normal conduction velocity: 9 hands showed early changes, 51 hands showed mild changes, 14 hands showed moderate changes, 2 hands showed severe changes, and 1 hand showed complete absence or no response from the wrist and across the elbow.Additional studies were carried out from the abductor digiti minimi (ADM) muscles for those patients who showed conduction block across the elbow while recording from the FDI muscles. Only 57 patients underwent a nerve conduction study for ADM. 77 symptomatic hands were tested for conduction block in the ADM muscle. 18 hands were graded as normal; 48 hands showed mild changes; 10 hands showed moderate changes; and 1 hand showed complete absence or no response from the wrist and across the elbow.Out of 278 hands, 266 hands were graded as having normal amplitude across the elbow while recording from FDI muscles; 7 hands showed early changes in amplitude; 1 hand showed moderate amplitude change; 4 hands showed severe amplitude changes; and 1 hand showed complete absence or no response from the wrist and across the elbow.Out of 77 hands, 73 hands showed normal amplitude across the elbow while recording from ADM muscles; 2 hands showed mild changes; 1 hand showed a moderate change; and 1 hand showed complete absence or no response from the wrist and across the elbow.Conclusion: Finding show that FDI is more sensitive in comparison to ADM to record early changes in ulnar nerve entrapment across the elbow. In addition, it shows that a drop in amplitude is not as significant when compared to a conduction block across the elbow.</p
Effects of a nutraceutical combining green tea extract, vitamin C, D, and zinc in patients with post-COVID conditions
No full textTea and ascorbic acid have antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and vitamin D and zinc have immunomodulatory effects. This study investigated the effect of a nutraceutical prescription combining these four nutrients on the blood biochemical markers and the modified C19-YRS questionnaires in patients who had recovered from COVID-19 disease for four months. Analysis of six markers associated with long COVID symptoms, i.e., INR, d-dimer, hs-CRP, NT-ProBNP, IL-6 and IgA, indicated that the nutraceutical could positively affect the values, especially for the inflammatory markers. The physician’s clinical observation and questionnaire analysis reported significant improvements in post-exertional malaise, sleep quality and overall health of the patients. These results suggested that formulated nutraceutical could not only reduces or eliminates the symptom of long COVID, but potentially also prevents reinfection.</p
The effect of dietary Aloe vera powder on growth performance and survival rate of Oreochromis niloticus fries
No full textThis study aimed to evaluate the impact of dietary Aloe vera on the growth performance parameters of Oreochromis niloticus fry. A feeding trial was conducted for a month at KMFRI Sang’oro Aquaculture station and 135 fish were randomly assigned to three treatments, including a Control group (C1), a group fed with 1% Aloe vera (A1), and a group fed with 2% Aloe vera (B1). The growth parameters, including Specific Growth Rate (SGR), Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR), Weight Gain (WG), and Survival were measured. The results indicated that the administration of Aloe vera at different concentrations significantly improved the growth performance of fish. The SGR, FCR, and WG were significantly higher in fish fed with Diet B (2% Aloe vera) followed by those fed with Diet A (1% Aloe vera) compared to the Control group. The results confirmed the Alternative hypothesis that there is a significant difference in the growth performance of fish fed with various incorporations of Aloe vera. Therefore, the study recommends the use of Aloe vera as a growth promoter in aquaculture, particularly at higher incorporation rates of 2%.</p
Benefits of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids to patients with oral and metabolic diseases
No full textThe human body cannot produce omega-3 fatty acids and must obtain them from the diet. There are three types of omega-3 fatty acids that are needed by the human body, namely α-linolenic acid (ALA), Docosahexaenoic Acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic Acid (EPA). Although studies have shown that omega-3 fatty acids cannot prevent or treat diabetes or heart diseases, they did improve the condition of insulin resistance and the level of triglycerides in the body. It is well known that being overweight leads to insulin resistance, which in turn leads to metabolic syndrome. Many animal experiments have already confirmed that long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 PUFA) are beneficial in promoting insulin sensitivity. It inhibits nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NFκB), which is a key transcription factor for gene expression of inflammatory cytokines. On the other hand, studies have also pointed out that omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids do not improve the function of the kidney’s endothelial cells and high blood pressure in patients with type 2 diabetes. </p
About the connection of the electron binding energy of a single carbon anion with binding energies of an electron attached to carbon molecules
Full text linkWe demonstrate that the model of zero-range potentials can be successfully employed for the description of attached electrons in atomic and molecular anions, for example, negatively charged carbon clusters. To illustrate the capability of the model we calculate the energies of the attached electron for the family of carbon cluster anions consisting of two-, three- (equilateral triangle) and four (tetrahedron) carbon atoms equidistant from each other as well as for a C3 molecule having a chain structure. The considered approach can be easily extended to carbon clusters containing an arbitrary number of atoms arranged in an arbitrary configuration.</p
Certain results of Aleph-Function based on natural transform of fractional order
Full text linkIn this research article, a new type of fractional integral transform namely the N-transform of fractional order is proposed, and derived a number of useful results of a more generalized function (Aleph-function) of fractional calculus by making use of the N-transform of fractional order. Further, the relation between it and other fractional transforms is given and some special cases have also been discussed.</p
Synthesis, characterization, anti-cancer evaluation, and DNA-binding study of new bay-substituted perylene derivatives
No full textTwo new perylene derivatives 1,7-di(3,5-diamino-pyrimidoxyl) perylene-3,4,9,10- tetracarboxylic acid bisanhydride (4) and 1,7-di(2-[3-[(4-amino-2-methylpyrimidin-5-yl)methyl]-4-methyl-1,3-thiazol-3-ium-5-yl]) ethoxyperylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic bisanhydride (6) have been synthesized. We aimed to study their interactions with G-quadruplex (G4) structures as potent G4 ligands and telomerase inhibitors. We used a PCR-amplified guanine-rich region from the human beta-globin gene, oligonucleotide from human telomeres (a-coreTT), an oncogene (c-kit), and SK-HEP-1 adenocarcinoma cells to characterize those compounds’ binding and stabilizing abilities to G4 structures and anti-cancer potential. All results obtained through UV-visible and fluorescence spectroscopies, agarose gel electrophoresis, and MTT assay on SK-HEP-1 adenocarcinoma cells were in good agreement. Compounds 4 and 6 are promising DNA-binding and cytotoxic compounds with a relatively antiproliferative effect on the selected tumour. In all studies, the formal positive charge carrier, compound 6, showed higher activity in terms of anti-cancer effects. These results may help elucidate the feasibility of the perylene derivatives as future chemo-therapeutic agents.</p
Disabled industrial traumatic brain injury of members of vessel`s crew in water transport of the Northern Water`s Basin
No full textIntroduction: Epidemiological study of Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) and the improvement of the organizational capabilities of medical care at all stages of its provision plays an important role in forecasting and social and labor rehabilitation of the sailing crew. Planning the development of the neurosurgical service of port hospitals is impossible without knowing the structure of TBI, both in severity and sectoral, occupational and territorial prevalence.Materials and methods: The analysis of the treatment of 92 patients from members of the vessel`s crew who received industrial TBI with a disability while performing voyage tasks in the northern water basin was carried out.When working on the material, analytical and statistical methods were used. The significance of differences was calculated using a t-test for independent samples.Results: In the general structure of traumatism of the studied contingent of the members of the vessel`s crew, TBI accounted for 4.1% of cases, while in the territorial population, they reach 30.0% - 40.0%. Most of the victims worked in the transport fleet of the northern water basin - 68.7% (9.4), while in the fishing fleet - 17.2% (3.3) and the river fleet - 14.1% (4.6). Command staff: navigators (10.5), captains (10.1), chiefs of radio stations (7.4), skippers (6.8), as well as boatswains (27.8), who are responsible for organizing and conducting deck operations, receive TBI 4.0 - 2.5 times more often than rank-and-file personnel. This distribution becomes easy to understand if we take into account that 43.4% of the damage was sustained during the performance of ship operations related to movement on ladders and decks, in the engine room, and their hasty execution by the supervisors in the absence of safety precautions leads to severe TBI. The members of the vessel`s crew receive them several times less often when performing loading and unloading operations (0.9), closing holds (0.4), mooring, and servicing deck mechanisms (0.2 each). The probability of getting TBI is especially high during the first three years of work in the specialty (34.8% of all injuries). With an increase in work experience, injuries decrease by more than 1.4 times among workers with 15 years of work experience. Every third TBI (36.5%) on ships is associated with a fall of the victim from a height, that is, it is a catatrauma. All injuries arise from collisions with blunt objects.Discussion: Every twenty-fifth work-related injury with loss of ability to work, sustained by the members of the vessel`s crew of the northern water basin, while performing ship operations, is a TBI. The minimum knowledge required for shipboard crew members, and ship managers to suspect this life-threatening condition, is given during an injury first aid session that is required by the ship’s medical officer.Conclusion: 1. In the general structure of industrial injuries of the studied contingent of the members of the vessel`s crew, TBI accounted for 4.1% of cases, while in the territorial population, they reach 30.0% - 40.0%. The incidence of TBI in men from among the members of ve+-ssel`s crew is only 1.5 times higher than in women and is the highest in people under 20 years of age (4.8%; 11.0).2. Most of the victims worked in the transport fleet of the northern water basin - 68.7% (9.4), while in the fishing fleet - 17.2% (3.3) and river - 14.1% (4.6). The members of the vessel`s crew receive them several times less often when performing loading and unloading operations (0.9), closing holds (0.4), mooring, and servicing deck mechanisms (0.2 each). Every third TBI (36.5%) on ships is associated with a fall of the victim from a height, that is, it is a catatrauma.3. TBI, accompanied by a concussion, in the northern basin accounts for up to two-thirds of all head injuries, of which 69.5% fall on the most able-bodied and productive age of workers (20-39 years). Concussions occur 4 times more often in the transport fleet than in the fishing and river fleet. Sailors and minders make up 44.3% of the victims. Falls from a height onto decks, mooring lines, into the hold, or overboard were the cause of 78.5% of concussions.4. Mild brain contusions are a rarer pathology and occur mainly in transport and fishing fleets with rank-and-file personnel during falls from a height.5. Brain contusions of moderate and severe degrees occur only in the transport fleet in the youngest men: in every second case, the patients were 20-29 years old. Every third victim is a sailor, every sixth is a minder. A severe degree of brain injury was more often observed in persons who received TBI while servicing deck mechanisms, moving along ladders, and mooring operations. More than half of them are associated with falls from a height.</p
A comprehensive overview of the pharmaceutical properties of Indian coastal sand dune flora: Emphasis on anti-virals
No full textViral infections have an essential function in both humans and other organisms. The persistent rise in viral diseases has made critical damage to human well-being. The present review indicates that viral diseases are been entangled in various cancer developments. Developing safe and effective antiviral medications remains a challenge. As a result, finding therapeutic targets that would interfere with the virus without affecting the host is hard-hitting. The use of natural substances rather than chemicals in the formulation of antiviral medications could significantly minimize the risk of side effects in patients. Coastal dune vegetation is a vital resource, which plays an imperative part in biodiversity. Coastal dunes have various utilizations in restorative and drug development. The drugs from marine are vitally been utilized as medicine due to their substantial antiviral, anticancer, and antimicrobial activities. Though Coastal dunes flora has numerous possessions their antiviral properties are rarely reported. Hence, in this report, we have compiled and highlighted the antiviral properties of 128 Indian coastal dune flora. This review may provide access to a profound understanding of coastal dunes’ vegetation resources and their usage in the production of antiviral and anticancer drugs. It may also help to preserve and cultivate these plants.</p
Negative effects of acid rains on agricultural areas
No full textDue to the atmospheric pollution loads that started with the industrial revolution and have increased exponentially in the process that has come to the present day, the natural components of the atmosphere have been damaged and changed. One of the negative return points of this human-made degradation in the natural order is acid rain. Acid rains harm people directly and/or indirectly. One of the indirect effects is the negative effects on the food chain. Acid rains affect agricultural products, however, they affect the products from the soil. As a result, agricultural fields and agricultural products are damaged. The decreasing resources (water, etc.) with global warming and climate change also increase the negative impact on agricultural products. In this study, the negative effects of acid rain on agricultural areas were investigated and it was aimed to put forward the measures to reduce these negative effects.</p