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On Algebra, Cosmic Triangles and the shape of our Universe
Get PDFThe curvature parameter k and the density parameter omega play the dominant phenomena determining the fate of our universe. According to these two scales, the geometry of the universe has three possibilities namely, flat, open, or closed. The flat and open universe will have continual expansion. But the closed universe will turn around and collapse. If k is zero, the universe is flat, if it is greater than zero, it is closed and if k is less than zero the universe will be open. And if the density parameter Omega is one (1), the universe is flat, if it is greater than one, the universe will be closed and if it is less than one, the universe is open. The main thing is that if the sum of the interior angles of the cosmic triangles is equal to 180 degrees, the geometry of our universe is flat /Euclidean If it is less than 180 degrees, the shape of our universe is open/ hyperbolic and if it is greater than 180 degrees it is closed/elliptic. In this short work, by applying the fundamental operations of classical algebra to the cosmic triangles, the author attempts to prove that the shape of our universe is flat.</p
Common sense and quantum mechanics
Get PDFIt is shown how changing only one word in the usual interpretation of quantum mechanics makes it possible to turn its puzzles and miracles into obvious trivialities</p
Cooperative investment problem with an authoritative risk determined by Central Bank
No full textIn this paper, we are interested to provide an analytic solution for cooperative investment risk with an authoritative risk determined by the central Bank. This problem plays an important role in solving cooperative investment problems in an investment sector such as insurance companies or banks etc and keeping in our mind the effect of a risk determined by the central Bank which has not been done before. We reformulate cooperative investment risk by writing dual representation for each risk preference (Coherent risk measure) for each agent (investor). Finding an analytic solution for this problem for both cases individual and cooperative investment problem by using dual representation for each risk preference has a strong effect on the financial market. Moreover, we find the equilibrium allocation in terms of an equilibrium price by formulating the optimization problem in the case of equilibrium with an initial endowment for each agent’s ’investor’. In addition, formulate a problem that covers the risk minimization problem with an expected return constraint and expected return maximization problem with risk constraint, in both individual and cooperative investment cases, for the general case of an arbitrary joint distribution for the asset return under certain conditions and assuming that all coherent risk measure is continuous from below. Thus, the optimal portfolio is written as the optimal Lagrange multiplier associated with an equality-constrained dual problem. Furthermore, a unique equilibrium allocation as a fair optimal allocation solution in terms of equilibrium price density function for each agent (investor) is also shown.AMS Subject Classification: [2022].</p
Solving train scheduling problems as a job shop: A brief review
Get PDFAn interesting practical problem is the single-track train scheduling problem which can be considered a job shop scheduling problem, namely since the sequence of sections is fixed for a train route, it corresponds to fixed machine routes (technological orders) in a job shop scheduling problem. However, for a train scheduling problem, typically some additional constraints such as blocking, sidings, stations with parallel tracks, deadlocks, train length, or headways, etc. have to be considered. The job shop problem has been well investigated in the literature and belongs to the hardest problems in scheduling theory. In this mini-review, some results in this area are discussed, where the main focus is on results that the author has obtained with his collaborators and Ph.D. students during the last decade.MSC classification: 90 B 35</p
A new form of discrete real Fourier transform and its potential applications
Get PDFThe paper will present a new version of a real discrete Fourier transform, based on a symmetric frequencies combination of sine and cosine functions. Basic aspects of the construction as well as the potential applications will be discussed. This will include elements of the standard Fourier analysis as well as applications to the class of differential equations in string theory.</p
Growth performance of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings fed with water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) diets
Get PDFNile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) are herbivores with longer coiled intestines compared to carnivores; mouth characteristics necessary for plant shredding. Hence, several studies have been conducted to replace feed ingredients in the diet of Nile tilapia considering the increasing cost. In this study, Water spinach (Ipomoea aquatica) was evaluated as a potential feed ingredient for Nile tilapia. A six months feeding trial was conducted to assess the effects of water spinach fish feed composition on the performance of Nile tilapia fingerlings. Five diets were formulated containing 0% (control diet), 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% water spinach composition. Each treatment was carried out in triplicate using 30 Nile tilapia juveniles per replicate with an initial mean weight of 2±1g. The fish were fed at 5% body weight twice per day. Water quality monitoring was done every morning before feeding. There was no significant (p > 0.05) variation in water quality parameters between all the treatments. The best growth performance was recorded from a fish-fed 5% diet (180.49±0.83 g), while fish fed with a 20% diet had poor growth performance (128.98± 0.80g). The highest SGR was obtained in fish fed with a 5% diet (1.34±0.05) while the lowest was obtained in fish fed with a 20% diet (1.09±0.05). Except for SGR, WG, FL, and FW, there was no significant difference (P>0.05) in other growth parameters of all the treatments. Final weight had a significant difference as determined by One-Way ANOVA (F (4,316) =6.363, P=0.00) between 15% and 20% water spinach composition compared to 5% water spinach composition. Therefore, 5% water spinach composition had the best growth performance.</p
Role of Science, Technology, Executive, and Public (STEP) in Environmental conservation and waste management and the scenario in Politically and Militarily Conflicted Regions (PMCRs) of the world
Get PDFEnvironmental conservation and waste management is a great challenge around the world. The realization of safe water, air, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) for the world is a distant dream. Barring few developed countries, the rest of the world, and more importantly, the third-world countries are struggling hard to achieve safe WASH. India and China are no exceptions. Given the massive population of these two countries, open defecation issues, unscientific waste disposal practices, and poor health and hygiene infrastructure; achieving safe WASH remains a challenge. While science and technology for the conservation of the environment and waste management are advancing day by day, active participation of the executive and the public is insignificant at least in PMCRs. STEP minus E or/and P can’t solve the challenges of environmental conservation and waste management. Safe WASH demands enormous attention from science, technology, executive, and the public (STEP) coherently. </p
A new threat is on the horizon: The monkeypox virus. Should we worry about it or just keep an eye on it?
Get PDFMonkeypox is a rare viral disease that is endemic in many African countries. However, within days, dozens of cases of monkeypox were confirmed in at least 12 non-African countries. It first appeared in the UK and was reported on 7 May 2022. The discovery of the virus in many patients and in different populations around the world within a few days raised the issue of scientific, medical, managerial, and social logic. The cases reported to date have no established travel links to endemic areas, but a recent mass event may have served as a focus for amplification.Epidemiological investigations are ongoing. With increased surveillance in non-endemic countries, it is likely that more cases of monkeypox will be identified and confirmed. With all this, we must ask ourselves, as we did with the advent of COVID-19, whether the population is seriously threatened and whether or not we should be concerned about the new virus in the future.</p
Air pollution and possible risk of dementia in the Czech Republic
Get PDFA review of recent literature indicates a significant effect of air pollution on the increased incidence of dementia, particularly Alzheimer’s disease. A possible mechanism is related to oxidative damage and inflammation. In the Czech Republic in previous decades the mining districts of Northern Bohemia suffered from very high air pollution levels, while during the last period in Northern Moravia this problem was also noted. This specific situation could be used to study the impact of air pollution on dementia, using new methods of molecular epidemiology together with the complex analysis of the lifestyle of the population living in the polluted regions.</p
Bacteriological pattern of urinary tract infection in men with symptomatic benign prostatic hyperplasia at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria
Get PDFIntroduction/Background: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) is characterized by narrowing of the prostatic urethra with resultant difficulty in passing urine, stasis, and a predisposition to urinary tract infection. The objective of this study is to identify the prevalence of urinary tract infections, common organisms isolated, their antimicrobial sensitivity pattern, and the relationship of co-morbidities with urinary tract infection in this population.Materials and methods: All patients who presented to our urology team with bladder outlet obstruction secondary to benign prostatic hyperplasia between January 2020 and January 2021 were included. Information on age, occupation, co-morbid conditions, urine microscopy, culture, and sensitivity patterns were obtained and analyzed using SPSS version 25. Midstream urine samples were collected from 172 BPH patients. Microscopy, culture, and antibiotic susceptibility tests were carried out. Results: From our study, the prevalence of bacteriuria was 67.9% with the 65-74 and 45-54 age groups having the highest and the least prevalence of bacteriuria (88.9% and 33.3% respectively). The most common organisms cultured from their urine were Pseudomonas (17.9%), E. coli (14.3%), Coliforms (10.7%), and Klebsiella (10.7%). Sensitivity patterns of these microorganisms revealed the highest sensitivity to the fluoroquinolones (25.9%) followed by Nitrofurantoin (14.8%) and Ceftriaxone and Cefoxitin (7.4%). The least sensitivity was to Augmentin and Gentamycin.Conclusion: Bacteriuria is common in patients with BPH. Pseudomonas spp was the commonest isolated organism in our study and most isolated organisms were susceptible to the fluoroquinolones. </p