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Photodynamic therapy in a pleural cavity using monte carlo simulations with 2D/3D Graphical Visualization
No full textCancer therapy using Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) has been investigated for some time [1,2] and now it is a growing area of interest in clinical trials [3]. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were used for early laboratory studies [4,5] for analysis in PDT. Various improvements in the MC method have advanced the field in recent years.</p
Smart polymers: Challenges and future
No full textAccording to the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) Smart Polymers (SP) or stimulus-responsive polymers are “polymers that respond or that is designed to respond to a stimulus like pH, light, heat, etc. change, and provides a predetermined action”. These changes are generally abrupt and relatively large, involving changes in phase or properties due to structural adaptations of the polymer [1-4]. </p
The spin of dioxygen as the main factor in pulmonology and respiratory care
No full textNot many doctors are aware of the most important obstacle in pulmonology and respiration care which is determined by the electronic structure of molecular oxygen. In great contrast to a huge majority of chemically stable substances, the O2 molecule possesses two non-paired electrons with parallel spins.</p
Vital parameters in Spanish alpine skiers training at altitude and their relationship to human health
No full textBackground: Mediterranean lifestyle has consistently been shown to reduce cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Physical activity is beneficial to health, although it needs to be carefully studied in extreme conditions. Hypertension depends on sedentary lifestyles, stress, and bad habits such as excessive consumption of food and salt. Chronic sleep deprivation alone has been associated with cardiovascular diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. The patient must be educated.Aim: The main objective of this study was to evaluate parameters of non-invasive health such as blood pressure and heart rate in the federated population in winter sports in Andalusia (Spain) relating to body composition.Methods: Cross-sectional observational study. Sample of 234 subjects currently federated in the Andalusian Federation of Winter Sports (Spain). Ages between 12-30yrs (51.6% women, 48.4% men). Subjects carried out surveys with a physical examination, blood pressure measurements, electrocardiogram performance, and parameters to assess body composition.Results: None of the younger male subjects had hypotension or bradycardia (76.6% normotensive, 80.4% normal heart rate). None of the adults had hypotension or tachycardia (82.4% normotensive) and none of the women had bradycardia. Mean weight values (men and women) with a tendency to significance (p = 0.064). %Fat means of men was 19.18% (SD: 5.90) and 23.61% (SD: 8.91) for women. For systolic and diastolic tensions no differences were found by gender. There is no correlation between systolic and diastolic blood pressure with body composition or nutrient intake, however, there is a negative correlation between hours of sleep and blood pressure (p < 0.001).Conclusion: %fat can inform of the risk of cardiovascular diseases. Performing intense aerobic physical exercise can cause sinus bradycardia at rest. Sleeping and having a restful and deep sleep reduces the risk of suffering from high blood pressure. Assessing blood pressure and anthropometric measurements is important to estimate the general health of children, adolescents, and adults. This is the case with alpine skiing in the south of Spain where the athlete lives in these conditions. Future works related to this population living in high-altitude conditions should be studied to see the impact of altitude on the health and sporting performance of acclimatized people.</p
Teriparatide in a patient with severe osteoporosis, hypoparathyroidism and thalassemia major
No full textβ-Thalassemia Major (TM) is a form of beta-thalassemias. TM complications include, among others, osteoporosis, whose frequency, among TM patients, varies from 13.6% to 50%. The overall etiological mechanisms of TM-related osteoporosis remain unclarified. The primary approach to osteoporosis in patients with TM is the management of TM and its complications and the use of antiresorptive agents, such as Bisphosphonates (BPs), as the first line-drug of treatment. In this article, we present the case of 45 years old-woman with TM and severe osteoporosis, with multiple fractures, albeit the assumption of BPs for many years.The anti-fracture efficacy and safety of BPs are not well-established in TM patients. Data suggest that etidronate and zoledronic acid should be considered as first-line agents in the management of TM- associated osteoporosis. Regarding Teriparatide (TP), there are only a few case reports published about its use in TM patients. It is also noticed that, at the dismission of TP therapy, its benefits are rapidly lost. Finally, regarding romosozumab, our patient presents a significant cardiovascular risk due to the presence of insulin-treated Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and TM-related cardiomyopathy, suggesting we avoid this drug.This case report shows that the therapy of osteoporosis in patients with TM remains an open problem. TM patients often present multiple comorbidities which create limitations to osteoporosis’s treatment. Moreover, these comoboridites are often unavoidable risk factors for osteoporosis.</p
Using farmers evaluation criteria as an essential constituent of variety popularization: The case of improved finger millet variety demonstration in selected districts of East Wallaga Zone
Get PDFThe study was conducted in the Boneya Boshe, Wayu Tuqa, and Diga districts of western Oromia, during the 2020 main cropping season. The objective of the study was to demonstrate a recently released finger millet variety to the farmers in the study areas. A new variety (Bako-09) was planted along with standard checks (Gute and Gudetu) on 100 m2 adjacent plots, adhering to breeder recommendations. Both qualitative and quantitative data were collected and analyzed for this study. At maturity, participatory variety evaluation was done using qualitative and quantitative traits/criteria set by the farmers to select the best variety for future use. Disease resistance/ tolerance, grain yield performance, tillering capacity, number of fingers per head, and seed color were the first five most important criteria considered by the farmers in their order of importance. The new variety was ranked first based on these criteria and was selected as the first option for future use by the farmers. An independent sample t-test was used to analyze quantitative data, while qualitative data were qualitatively analyzed and described. The mean grain yield performance of the varieties (qt ha-1) was 24.73±1.05, 20.23±0.73 and18.36±0.34 for Bako-09, Gute, and Gudetu, respectively which is statistically significant (p<0.01). The new variety, accordingly exhibited a yield advantage of 22.24% and 34.7%, respectively over Gute and Gudetu varieties. The technology gap and technology index for Bako-09 were 5.07 qt and 17.01%, respectively while the values were 14.77 qt and 42.2%; 4.4 qt and 20.17% for Gute and Gudetu, respectively, witnessing more stability and feasibility of the new variety to the farmers. The result of financial analysis also reveals that a net gain of 31755.83 ETB, 24073.33 ETB, and 20672.5 ETB were accrued from Bako-09, Gute and Gudetu varieties, respectively, evidencing more profitability of the new variety compared to the checks. The new variety, has consequently, met the farmer’s demand both in terms of qualitative and quantitative traits including financial benefits than the standard checks. This calls for wider dissemination of the variety with its full package to the farmers in the study area and with similar agro-ecological conditions.</p
Importance of edible wild plants in world food security: The case of Turkey
Get PDFProduction in industrial agriculture is under threat in the near future due to air pollution, excessive consumption, and climate change. Commercial production of traditional products is significant for the continuity of product diversity. Edible wild plants are usually collected from the wild and consumed for local needs. However, there are not enough initiatives for the cultivation of these plants. Turkey, which is very rich in point of biological diversity, is among the lucky countries in this regard. An important part of approximately 12000 plants in its flora is consumed as a food source by traditional methods. In this study, a list of 76 plants belonging to 34 families that are widely consumed for food purposes in Turkey is given.</p
Analysis of the Environmental Quality of Seawater in the Bohai Sea, China
No full textAccording to the survey data on seawater quality in the Bohai Sea from 2020 to 2021, a single-factor data analysis was carried out on the seawater environmental quality of Liaoning, Hebei, Tianjin, Shandong and the offshore waters. The results show that the seawater quality of the Bohai Sea in 2021 Compared with the more serious pollution in 2020, the main pollutants are active phosphate and inorganic nitrogen. The spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of the eutrophication state index are high at the top of Bohai Bay and low on the outside, high in the southeast and low in the northwest. And through the comparison of water quality data for two years, the organic pollution and eutrophication near Panjin, Dalian, Yingkou and Weifang are getting worse day by day and the content of inorganic nitrogen and active phosphate in some waters in the Bohai Bay has increased. The total amount of materials discharged into the sea is controlled.</p
The current status of Barbus species in Lake Victoria Basin, Kenya: A review
No full textLake Victoria is known for its rich fish biodiversity having been home to over 500 fish species. However, over 200 species have become extinct and as a result, it is classified as a world hotspot of species loss. Some of the examples of endemic species that disappeared from the lake and are endangered include the Haplochromines and the Barbus species. The Barbus species is currently not seen in the fish landings from Lake Victoria. It is deemed to have sought refuge in the riverine ecosystems, dams and the adjacent satellite lakes within the Lake Victoria Basin. This has resulted in several gaps emerging including its current status as its taxonomical identification still remains a puzzle to many scientists. This paper, therefore, tries to unearth the foregoing by reviewing the already available literature with an emphasis on the LVB Kenyan part. The Labeobarbus altianalis is still named Barbus altianalis even in the most recent publications thus complicating further. In its distribution, the Barbus species does not occur in the lake currently but is a common candidate in the rivers, dams and satellite lakes within the basin. Some of the cited reasons for its disappearance: are predation by Lates niloticus, overfishing, competition from exotic species, pollution and climate change. However, different studies try to pinpoint its presence in some rivers and this according to an observation made in this study is due to biased sampling, which excludes some rivers in the basin. It is concluded that the taxonomic identification of Barbus species in LVB Kenya remains elusive and this has been blamed on skewed sampling with little regard to all ecosystems in the basin. The paper recommends that an elaborate simultaneous study be done in all the rivers within the LVB, Kenya to collect reliable data for use in Barbus species taxonomy and general biology. Further, county governments in the basin should develop sound policy frameworks on how to sustainably manage riverine fisheries including the domestication of the species in aquaculture.</p
Claudius Amyand’s hernia: An uncommon form of appendicitis
No full textClaudius Amyand's hernia is defined by the incarceration of the vermicular appendix through the hernial sac. The first appendectomy was performed in 1735. It is a very rare pathology. Therefore, the frequency of this pathology is not yet established. We report the observation of a 54-year-old patient with an estimated BMI of 25.5 kg: height2 with a simple inguinal hernia that was not followed up and admitted to the emergency room with a painless and impulsive inguinal swelling when coughing. The management consisted of a conditioning and a pre-anesthetic assessment. The intraoperative exploration revealed a right inguinal hernia with caecal and appendicular contents of viable appearance. The procedure included an appendectomy and cure of the hernia using the Lichtenstein technique. The evolution was marked by a resumption of transit 24 hours postoperatively, Appendicitis complicating an Amyand's hernia is a rare pathology that often presents in an atypical clinical picture of an inguinal painful mass without the occlusive syndrome. Its preoperative radiological diagnosis, although exceptional, is of interest given the atypical presentation allowing the elimination of local pathologies that sometimes do not require emergency surgery.</p