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Cystinosis - Pathophysiology
No full textCystinosis is a rare autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder affecting 1 in 100,000 – 200,000 live births. It is caused by a mutation in the Cystinosin (CTNS) gene, a cystine-proton cotransporter, the absence of which results in intra-lysosomal accumulation of cystine. Kidneys are affected first, presenting as Fanconi syndrome in infancy, followed by widespread involvement of the eyes, endocrine and neuromuscular system later in life. Cystinosis since being first described in 1903 to the discovery of CTNS gene defect a century later in 1998, has proven to be a complex disease. Clinical features are a manifestation of intra-lysosomal accumulation and interruption of cellular metabolic pathways in the affected organs. In this review, we explore the various pathophysiologic mechanisms underlying the manifestations of this complex disease.</p
The impacts of poverty on hunger: An examination of the relationship between socioeconomic status and food insecurity
No full textHunger is a persistent global problem affecting billions of people worldwide, particularly those living in poverty and developing countries. Research work relates to experimental research work on the causes and effects of hunger and proposes potential solutions to address the problem. Poverty, conflict, natural disasters, climate change, and gender inequality are major drivers of hunger. Hunger leads to malnutrition, which impairs physical and cognitive development, reduces economic productivity, and undermines social stability. Addressing the underlying causes of hunger through policies that promote economic growth, sustainable agriculture, access to education and healthcare, social protection programs, and conflict resolution can create a world where everyone has access to adequate and nutritious food. By implementing a comprehensive and integrated approach, we can reduce hunger and ensure that it is no longer a barrier to economic and social development.This research was done to find out the solution to this issue. In the research work, I have studied data and analyzed it for the solutions. I have tried to present all the above concepts in a lucid way so as present the related concept in an effective manner.</p
Determinism and chaos – a story about Big Bang, singularity and the future of mankind
Full text linkPeople have always tried to understand and tame the nature around them. It is a well-known fact that the sanest and safe approach from a psychological point of view is to focus on the present moment, the here and now. Nevertheless, we keep looking and living in the past or daydreaming and making predictions about what the future will bring. This paper is looking at this topic trying to unify several perspectives, stemming from a very diverse set of disciplines: biology, genetics, economics and cryptography, which are apparently working in parallel to solve the same problem. They all aim to find a theory of everything, one that can make sense out of chaos, light out of darkness and that can accurately predict the future based on present and past events. The current paper is supposed to inspire researchers to ask themselves tough questions, sometimes completely outside of their comfort zone, that can lead to discoveries with a huge positive impact on us all.</p
The activity of crude bromoacetyl-L-carnitine preparations against Trypanosoma brucei and the roles of threonine/pyruvate in non-hexose/glycerol ATP production
Full text linkThe Trypanosoma brucei group trypanosomes (Trypanosoma brucei gambiense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense) cause an invariably fatal disease in humans, and Trypanosoma brucei brucei a fatal disease in cattle, if left untreated [1]. </p
The fractal analysis - Powerful tool for geodynamic investigations
No full textThis is a short review of fractal analysis applications in Bulgaria to investigate the geodynamics at the local, regional, and global levels.</p
Analyzing Riemann's hypothesis
Full text linkIn this paper we perform a detailed analysis of Riemann's hypothesis, dealing with the zeros of the analytically-extended zeta function. We use the functional equation for complex numbers s such that 0<Re(s)<1, and the reduction to the absurd method, where we use an analytical study based on a complex function and its modulus as a real function of two real variables, in combination with a deep numerical analysis, to show that the real part of the non-trivial zeros of the Riemann zeta function is equal to ½, to the best of our resources. This is done in two steps. First, we show what would happen if we assumed that the real part of s has a value between 0 and 1 but different from 1/2, arriving at a possible contradiction for the zeros. Second, assuming that there is no real value y such that ζ(1/2+yi)=0, by applying the rules of logic to negate a quantifier and the corresponding Morgan's law we also arrive at a plausible contradiction. Finally, we analyze what conditions should be satisfied by y∈ℝ such that ζ(1/2+yi)=0. While these results are valid to the best of our numerical calculations, we do not observe and foresee any tendency for a change. Our findings open the way towards assessing the validity of Riemman's hypothesis from a fresh and new mathematical perspective.</p
A Band from the “Blue”
No full textSeveral lesions of the bladder are incidental findings and a few of them are seen against a background of bladder outlet obstruction. Tuberculosis of the bladder is associated with characteristic lesions and changes. Presented here is a never-seen-before bladder lesion in a patient presenting with symptoms of Bladder Outlet Obstruction due to an enlarged tuberculous prostate, and no evidence of tuberculous cystitis. </p
The influence of the geographical features of Kyrgyzstan on the choice of types of recreational activities (A case study: issyk-kul region)
No full textEconomic impact is a stimulating effect on the economic condition of various regions. The paper describes the influence of the structure of the object on the choice of recreational activities, taking into account the sensitivity of the mountain structure to anthropogenic impact.Determined the value of the initial values of the applications of sociological research, which used to calculate the natural-territorial complexes - these are water bodies located on the territory with identified orographic structures, surrounded by forests, taking into account possible options for recreation.Evaluated of the assessment and comfort of the recreational area, based on the identification of psychophysiological characteristics, such as the sensation of noise, thermal effects of the environment. The development of recreation centers associated with the demand for recreationists, which also determined by the level of development and material base.Studies on the study of the Issyk-Kul region that the geographical characteristics of the territory (relief, water bodies, climate, etc.) have not only attractiveness, but inhibitory factors for rare types of recreational activities. </p
A mixed-methods study protocol on the psychosocial health of stroke survivors and their informal carers (CARESS): experiences, needs and quality of life
No full textIntroduction: Surviving a stroke and caring for a survivor, impacts individuals’ psychological health and quality of life, which may impose substantial costs on healthcare and social systems. This study aims to understand and explore the psychological health, experiences, needs and quality of life of Portuguese stroke survivors and their informal carers.Methods and analysis: This is a mixed-methods, observational study. The methodological strategy relies on 1) scoping review; 2) questionnaires to stroke survivors hospitalized between September 2018 and August 2019 in one of the 12 Stroke Units of the Northern Region Health Administration of Portugal and their informal carers, 18-24 months after the event (1775 survivors and 443 carers); and 3) semi-structured interviews to a subsample of stroke survivors (n = 49) and informal carers (n = 37); and 4) think tanks with stakeholders involved in the stroke rehabilitation process, namely stroke survivors, informal carers, researchers, and health and social professionals (n = 45). Descriptive and inferential statistics will be used to analyze the quantitative data, and content and interpretational analysis will be implemented to assess qualitative data.Ethics and dissemination: The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committees of all the hospitals involved. The expected dissemination actions are effective tools in designing strategies that aim to promote knowledge on a needs-driven, socioethical sensitive basis, which will contribute to the implementation of a model of coproduction of health in the context of post-stroke care.</p
The predictors of occupationally related injury in employees of Pasteur Institute of Iran
No full textBackground: Needlestick Injuries (NSI) are a critical occupational risk for healthcare workers. Therefore, the present study investigated the incidence and risk factors of NSI among employees of the Pasteur Institute of Iran, one of the largest and oldest biological research institutes in the country, who are at high risk of occupational exposure to biological agents.Methods: This cross-sectional study included all personnel (565 individuals) of the Pasteur Institute of Iran. Participants answered some questions related to demographic and occupational characteristics as well as occupational exposure to blood and biological products, and occupational protection. Findings: A total of 448 questionnaires were completed. The mean age (SD) and work experience of the participants were 35.62 (9.20) and 9.72 (1.30) years, respectively. A total of 150 individuals had a history of NSI. The mean (SD) ages of participants with and without a history of NSV were 37.40 ± 9.03 and 34.41 ± 8.80 years, respectively (p < 0.001). The occurrence of NSI was related to work experience of more than five years and drinking, eating, or smoking while working. In addition, changing gloves while using the telephone was significantly related to reporting the occurrence of NSI to the department manager.Conclusion: Our findings indicated the relatively high frequency of NSI among the respondents. Despite the importance of personnel training, we did not find the occurrence of NSI or reporting it to be related to attending training courses. Hence, designing efficient preventive and protective measures requires the assessment of the attitudes of the mentioned institute’s personnel toward NSI and its prevention and management. </p