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Sarana Digital dan Nondigital Dalam Metode Pengembangan Ide Pada Proses Desain Produk
Get PDFRapid development of digital technology has had enormous impact on the design process, including in designing functional products. This study investigates the use of digital and non-digital methods and tools in the functional product design process, especially at the idea development stage. This investigation carried out by distributing online questionnaires to product design practitioners as respondents. In this questionnaire, respondents were asked to answer questions related to their idea development process. New insights found in this research are the use of digital (computers, tablets, smartphones, etc.) and non-digital (pencils and paper, wood, metal, clay, etc.) tools that are used simultaneously. Therefore, non-digital tools are not abandoned by the respondents and remain an important part of the functional product design process. The implication is that despite the rapid development of digital tools, the skill to use both digital and non-digital is equally important for a product designer, and as part of design education.Perkembangan teknologi digital yang pesat memberikan dampak yang sangat besar terhadap proses desain, termasuk dalam merancang produk fungsional. Studi ini menyelidiki penggunaan metode dan alat digital dan non-digital dalam proses desain produk fungsional, terutama pada tahap pengembangan ide. Investigasi ini dilakukan dengan menyebarkan kuesioner online kepada praktisi desain produk sebagai responden. Dalam kuesioner ini, responden diminta menjawab pertanyaan terkait proses pengembangan idenya. Wawasan baru yang ditemukan dalam penelitian ini adalah penggunaan alat-alat digital (komputer, tablet, smartphone, dll) dan non-digital (pensil dan kertas, kayu, logam, tanah liat, dll) yang digunakan secara bersamaan. Oleh karena itu, alat non-digital tidak ditinggalkan oleh responden dan tetap menjadi bagian penting dari proses desain produk fungsional. Implikasinya adalah meskipun alat digital berkembang pesat, keterampilan menggunakan alat digital dan non-digital sama pentingnya bagi seorang desainer produk, dan sebagai bagian dari pendidikan desain
An Integrated Model of Emotional Intelligence, Leadership, and Game Playability in Enhancing Team Effectiveness in MMOGs
Get PDFMassively multiplayer online games (MMOGs) are becoming more and more significant places for people to work together online. Researchers still do not know much about how individual traits affect how teams work together in games. Studies on players and game playability are still in the early stages. This study performed a quantitative analysis of data from 1,038 Chinese online players to investigate the interrelations between emotional intelligence (EI), transformational leadership (TL), team effectiveness (TE), and playability (PB). Drawing on the Input–Process–Output (IPO) model, social identity theory, and user experience theory, the research focused on how individual characteristics shape team outcomes and player experiences. The findings of this study indicate that both EI and TL have a positive impact on TE, which acts as a key mediating variable influencing the impact of both on PB. The findings also show that EI has a stronger link to PB than TL does. Notably, EI demonstrates a stronger association with PB than TL, highlighting its crucial role in enhancing team coordination and overall game enjoyment. This research augments current theories on virtual team collaboration and offers pragmatic guidance for game developers to improve player engagement and team coordination in online settings
AI in News Radio: Navigating Technology while Preserving Human Connection and Journalistic Values (A Case Study of Three News Radio Stations in Jakarta, Indonesia)
Get PDFSince the public's adoption of ChatGPT in 2022, concerns have arisen about the possibility of AI will replace human roles across various industries, including radio broadcasting. While many radio professionals argue that AI will not diminish the importance of human involvement, some stations are already incorporating AI technologies. This study examines AI adoption in three news radio stations in Jakarta, focusing on its usage, guidelines, and future implementation plans. Utilizing a qualitative case study method, data were gathered through interviews with editors, observations, and literature review. The results show that initially, AI was not considered essential in news radio due to its simple production; however, its development is closely monitored. While AI improves efficiency, concerns about over-reliance on technology impacting human relationships persist. Radio managers must balance technological progress with human connections and uphold journalistic standards to maintain listener trust. Stations differ in their AI use—some utilize it for specific tasks, while others integrate it into operations and customize their content. There are no formal internal guidelines for AI in journalism, highlighting the importance of the guidelines from the Indonesian press council. AI serves in editorial processes, but the human role remains central in news judgment. The broadcaster-listener relationship remains vital; however, it is important to consider the shifting patterns of media consumption.Sejak publik mulai menggunakan Chat GPT pada tahun 2022, muncul kontroversi mengenai kemungkinan teknologi kecerdasan buatan (AI) akan menggantikan peran manusia dalam berbagai pekerjaan. Kekhawatiran ini juga meluas ke industri penyiaran radio global. Banyak profesional radio berpendapat bahwa AI tidak akan menyingkirkan peran manusia. Namun, sebagian profesional penyiaran radio lainnya mulai mengadopsi teknologi AI dalam berbagai aspek pengelolaan. Diskusi mengenai realitas ganda ini berputar pada isu keseimbangan antara kontribusi manusia dan kemajuan teknologi dalam berbagai bidang pekerjaa, terutama pada lembaga penyiaran radio sebagai konteks penelitian ini melalui eksporasi terhadap adaptasi teknologi AI pada tiga stasiun radio berita di Jakarta. Fokus penelitian tertuju pada pandangan dalam kehadiran dan penggunaan AI, kebijakan dan pedoman dalam pemafaatan AI, serta jenis AI yang saat ini digunakan atau direncanakan untuk diterapkan di masa depan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif deskriptif, dengan mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara, observasi, dan tinjauan literatur. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa para informan menganggap teknologi AI sangat penting untuk meningkatkan pengelolaan media radio siaran. Integrasi AI terjadi secara bertahap, disertai pengamatan dan penelitian terus-menerus terhadap berbagai bentuk dan kemajuan teknologi tersebut. Stasiun radio bersikap hati-hati dalam proses adaptasi ini, karena mereka harus mempertahankan standar jurnalistik yang telah ditetapkan. Penerapan AI yang paling hati-hati terlihat dalam bidang seperti penyiar berita virtual, presentasi interaktif, dan dialog
Nighttime Lights as Indicators of Energy Efficiency Across Urban Morphologies in Malang City
Get PDFUnderstanding urban morphology is crucial for identifying energy inefficiencies and improving sustainable energy planning, especially in rapidly urbanizing cities. Urban morphology influences how electricity is distributed and consumed, while energy efficiency is a core target of Sustainable Development Goal 7 (SDG-7). This study examined the relationship between urban morphology and electrification efficiency, using night-time light imagery as a proxy for energy distribution. NTL data combined with population data from WorldPOP were processed through zonal statistics in GIS to calculate energy consumption per morphology level. Electrification data from the national statistics agency were correlated with light intensity to validate NTL as a reliable proxy. The results reveal significant variations in electrification efficiency across urban morphologies. The City Center category demonstrates the highest efficiency at 59.96%, indicating optimized electricity use relative to its dense infrastructure and population. In contrast, the Urban Fringe category has the lowest efficiency, at 4.30%, suggesting an imbalance between electricity supply and actual utilization. Additionally, the Inner Urban category (14.59%) and the Sub Urban category (5.64%) exhibit intermediate efficiency levels, while the Rural Hinterland category (8.24%) and the Urban Periphery category (7.28%) indicate that a portion of their electricity consumption may be allocated for non-residential activities, such as street lighting and infrastructure operations rather than for direct household use. These findings underscore the importance of spatially-informed electrification planning to optimize energy distribution based on urban structure and population needs. By incorporating data-driven strategies and smart grid technologies, policymakers can enhance energy efficiency, improve electrification access, and support more sustainable urban energy policies aligned with SDG-7
STUDI FARMAKOGNOSTIK SERBUK JUS KULIT NANAS (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr)
Get PDFPineapple (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) is plant that can be utilized as traditional medicine. Pineapple is used as remedy for constipation, nausea, hemorrhoids, flu, anemia, urinary tract disorders, and various skin diseases. In addition, pineapple peels are used as anthelmintic. Pineapple peel has many therapeutic effects, but there is no pharmacognostic standardization related to pineapple peel to verify its validity and effectiveness. Purpose of this research is to evaluate various pharmacognostic parameters, such as organoleptic, botanical, and physical aspects of pineapple peel. This research conducted organoleptic, microscopic, specific gravity, pH, water-soluble and ethanol-soluble extract content, acid number, and fluorescence tests. This research produced organoleptic profile pineapple peel solution with brownish-yellow color, characteristic pineapple aroma, and sour taste. Microscopic observations revealed parenchyma, vascular bundles, meristematic cells, raphide calcium oxalate crystals, epidermis, stone cells, phloem, and fibers. Specific gravity of pineapple peel powder is 1.04 g/mL. pH of extract at 1% and 10% concentrations is 5 and 4. Water-soluble and ethanol-soluble content is 7.4 ± 0.23% and 5.3 ± 0.17%. Acid number of pineapple peel juice powder is 26.37 mg KOH/g. Pineapple peel juice powder fluoresces upon the addition of DMSO, ether, water, glacial acetic acid, petroleum ether, chloroform, toluene, acetic acid, dichloromethane, and ethyl acetate reagentsNanas (Ananas comosus (L.) Merr) adalah tumbuhan yang dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai obat tradisional. Nanas digunakan sebagai obat sembelit, mual-mual, wasir, flu, anemia, gangguan saluran kemih, dan berbagai penyakit kulit. Selain itu, kulit nanas digunakan sebagai obat cacing. Kulit nanas memiliki banyak efek terapeutik, namun belum ada standardisasi farmakognostik terkait kulit nanas untuk verifikasi validitas dan efektivitas dari kulit nanas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengevaluasi berbagai parameter farmakognostik, seperti organoleptik, botani, dan fisik dari kulit nanas. Penelitian ini melakukan uji organoleptik, mikroskopik, bobot jenis, pH, kadar sari larut air dan etanol, bilangan asam, dan fluoresensi. Penelitian ini menghasilkan organoleptik larutan kulit nanas berwarna kuning cokelat, bau khas nanas, dan rasa asam. Pengamatan mikroskopik ditemukan parenkim, berkas pembuluh, sel meristematik, hablur kalsium oksalat rafida, epidermis, sel batu, floem, dan serabut. Bobot jenis serbuk kulit nanas 1,04 g/mL. pH ekstrak pada konsentrasi 1% dan 10% berturut-turut adalah 5 dan 4. Kadar sari larut air dan etanol berturut-turt sebesar 7,4 ± 0,23% dan 5,3 ± 0,17%. Bilangan asam serbuk jus kulit nanas adalah 26,37 mgKOH/g. Serbuk jus kulit nanas berfluoresensi pada penambahan reagen DMSO, eter, H2O, asam asetat glasial, petroleum eter, kloroform, toluena, asam asetat, diklorometan, dan etil asetat.
Mathematical Model of Dengue Transmission Dynamics with Adaptive Human Behavior
Get PDFDengue fever, a viral disease spread by Aedes mosquitoes, is a significant public health issue in tropical and subtropical regions. Behavioral adaptations in response to perceived infection risks can significantly reduce disease incidence and prevalence through the adoption of control measures. However, most existing models developed to assess the mitigation of dengue only implicitly account for this adaptive behavior within the dynamics of disease transmission. In this paper, we propose a mathematical model that explicitly incorporates adaptive human behavior in response to community infection levels into the transmission dynamics of dengue and investigates how this behavior affects transmission. Analytical results of the model reveal that the diseasefree equlibrium is locally asymptotically stable when the basic reproduction number (R0) is less than 1. The model parameters are calibrated using daily dengue case data from the 2015 outbreak in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, resulting in a calculated basic reproduction number (R0) of 1.42. Sensitivity analysis indicates that to reduce the reproduction number, efforts should focus on reducing mosquito-human contact, controllingthe mosquito population, and improving hospital treatment. Numerical simulations demonstrate that positive behavioral changes in response to increasing infection levels significantly reduce dengue cases when selfprotectiveand vector control measures are effectively implemented. Our results emphasize the importance of enhancing these behavioral changes to achieve a substantial reduction in dengue incidence. This highlights the critical role of reporting disease prevalence, educating individuals on effective dengue mitigation strategies, and ensuring access to resources necessary for high-efficacy self-protection and vector control measures. By promoting awareness and providing support for control measures such as mosquito repellents, bed nets, insecticide-treated curtains, and community clean-up drives to eliminate mosquito breeding sites, governments can significantly enhance the effectiveness of dengue control programs
Optimization of PCR Primers for Detection of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase Targeting CTX-M and TEM Genes
Get PDFExtended-Spectrum Beta Lactamase (ESBL) is an enzyme that inhibit the activity of third-generation cephalosporin antibiotics. CTX-M and TEM are the genes encoding the ESBLs. The horizontal spread of these gene from one bacteria to another leads to increased bacterial resistance. Molecular-based bacterial identification methods such as Polymer Chain Reaction are methods that are currently used because they provide faster and more specific results. Therefore, in this study, a method for identifying bacteria that produce ESBL was created by targeting CTX-M and TEM genes. In this study, two pairs of primers were designed using in silico method, then the characteristics of the primers were analyzed. The primer annealing temperature was optimized using 55 and 60oC temperatures. The results of the in silico analysis showed that both pairs of primers met the ideal characteristics of a primer, as the Tm, %GC content, and secondary product values fulfilled the required criteria. Meanwhile, the results of the primer annealing temperature optimization indicated that the optimal temperature for the PCR method using both primers was 60°C
PERAN HARGA DALAM MENINGKATKAN LOYALITAS TAMU PADA HOTEL BINTANG 4 DI KOTA PADANG
Get PDFPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji peran harga dalam memoderasi hubungan antara kualitas pelayanan terhadap loyalitas tamu pada hotel bintang 4 di Kota Padang. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif deskriptif dan analisis SWOT, penelitian ini mengumpulkan data melalui wawancara mendalam dengan manajer hotel, supervisor, dan kepala pemasaran serta observasi lapangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kualitas pelayanan memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap loyalitas tamu, dengan pelayanan yang personal dan fasilitas yang memadai meningkatkan kepuasan dan loyalitas. Harga, meskipun menjadi faktor penting, berfungsi sebagai elemen pendukung yang memperkuat hubungan tersebut, dengan tamu yang merasa harga yang dibayar sesuai dengan kualitas pelayanan yang diterima cenderung lebih loyal. Melalui analisis SWOT, ditemukan bahwa faktor internal seperti pelayanan yang konsisten dan lokasi strategis merupakan kekuatan, sementara ketidaksesuaian harga dan kualitas pelayanan dapat menjadi kelemahan. Selain itu, persaingan dari hotel dengan harga lebih rendah dan penginapan alternatif menjadi ancaman, sementara peluang terletak pada penyesuaian harga dan promosi berbasis loyalitas. Penelitian ini menyarankan agar manajemen hotel memperhatikan keseimbangan antara harga dan kualitas pelayanan serta menerapkan program loyalitas untuk menjaga hubungan jangka panjang dengan tamu
A System Dynamics Model of 5G Low-Band Spectrum Management
Get PDFThe fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication system represents a major advancement in wireless technology, relying on effective radio spectrum management to ensure optimal performance. Among the available frequency ranges, the 5G low-band spectrum provides extensive coverage but limited capacity, making its efficient management a critical challenge. This study presents a predictive model based on the system dynamics approach to analyze the management of the 5G low-band spectrum. The model captures the interrelationships between technical and economic variables that influence spectrum allocation and service adoption over time. Three simulation scenarios—low, medium, and high allocation rates—were developed to examine allocation patterns and their effects on 5G service diffusion. The results revealed that spectrum management in 5G exhibits goal-seeking behavior constrained by spectrum scarcity, with service adoption showing a growth-to-saturation pattern. The findings demonstrate that appropriate low-band spectrum management can significantly enhance 5G deployment efficiency. The proposed model serves as a decision-support tool for policymakers and regulators, enabling evaluation of alternative management strategies prior to policy implementation and promoting evidence-based decision-making in future 5G spectrum policies
Fine-tuning NER for Triplet Extraction in Medical Knowledge Graph Construction
Get PDFThis study presents a new approach for constructing a medical knowledge graph using Named Entity Recognition (NER) to identify entities such as diseases, drugs, or medical procedures, alongside part-of-speech (POS) tagging and dependency parsing to determine words that function as verbs and roots. These extracted words are then used as relations between entities, forming triplets in the format (entity, relation, entity). While the knowledge graph provides a structured representation of medical information, the evaluation primarily reflects the performance of the underlying NLP pipeline (NER, POS tagging, and dependency parsing) used to generate the triplets. Quantitative evaluation was performed using metrics such as precision, recall, and F1-score to assess the accuracy and completeness of entity and relation extraction. The qualitative evaluation involved medical domain experts to assess the relevance and validity of the relationships derived. The results indicate that fine-tuning a pre-trained model for NER and leveraging a pre-trained model for POS tagging and dependency parsing can effectively generate accurate triplets for constructing a medical knowledge graph. This approach demonstrated strong performance, achieving high evaluation scores in both quantitative and qualitative evaluations