ITB Journal
Not a member yet
5999 research outputs found
Sort by
Pemetaan Curah Hujan Menggunakan Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) Untuk Mengurangi Risiko Bencana Hidrometeorologi di Kota Denpasar
Abstrak
Indonesia baru-baru ini menghadapi serangkaian bencana hidrometeorologi, termasuk banjir. Untuk mengurangi dampak dari kejadian tersebut, salah satu pendekatan yang efektif adalah mengembangkan peta yang menampilkan tingkat curah hujan maksimum bulanan. Peta ini dapat dibuat menggunakan sistem informasi geospasial, seperti ArcGIS, dengan teknik interpolasi seperti Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). Berdasarkan analisis hidrologi dan interpolasi IDW, penelitian menemukan bahwa Kota Denpasar mengalami variasi intensitas curah hujan: hujan ringan (7-20 mm), hujan sedang (20-50 mm), dan hujan lebat (50-95 mm). Curah hujan tertinggi tercatat pada bulan Januari. Analisis visualisasi rancangan curah hujan mengungkapkan bahwa curah hujan harian maksimum untuk periode ulang 2 tahun berkisar antara 125-134 mm, terjadi di seluruh wilayah Denpasar kecuali Denpasar Selatan. Untuk periode ulang 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 50 tahun, kisaran curah hujan harian maksimum masing-masing adalah 169-185 mm, 205-228 mm, 218-245 mm, 228-262 mm, 249-281 mm, dan 295-338 mm. Puncak hujan terfokus di Denpasar Barat dan Denpasar Selatan. Identifikasi daerah rawan banjir di Kota Denpasar menunjukkan bahwa risiko banjir tidak hanya bergantung pada curah hujan, tetapi juga dipengaruhi faktor antropogenik seperti perubahan tata guna lahan, sehingga diperlukan pembaruan peta risiko berbasis data spasial untuk mitigasi yang lebih efektif.
Kata-kata Kunci: Banjir, IDW, pemetaan
Abstract
Indonesia has recently faced a series of hydrometeorological disasters, including flooding. To mitigate the impacts of these events, one effective approach is to develop maps that display maximum monthly rainfall levels. These maps can be created using geospatial information systems, such as ArcGIS, with interpolation techniques like Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). Based on hydrological analysis and IDW interpolation, the study found that the city of Denpasar experienced variations in rainfall intensity: light rain (7-20 mm), moderate rain (20-50 mm), and heavy rain (50-95 mm). The highest rainfall was recorded in January. The visual analysis of rainfall design reveals that the maximum daily rainfall for a 2-year return period ranges from 125-134 mm, occurring throughout Denpasar except for South Denpasar. For return periods of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 50 years, the ranges of maximum daily rainfall are 169-185 mm, 205-228 mm, 218-245 mm, 228-262 mm, 249-281 mm, and 295-338 mm, respectively. The peak rainfall is concentrated in West Denpasar and South Denpasar. The identification of flood-prone areas in Denpasar City shows that flood risk is not only dependent on rainfall, but is also influenced by anthropogenic factors such as land use changes, thus requiring updates to risk maps based on spatial data for more effective mitigation.
Keywords: Flood; IDW; mappingAbstrak
Indonesia baru-baru ini menghadapi serangkaian bencana hidrometeorologi, termasuk banjir. Untuk mengurangi dampak dari kejadian tersebut, salah satu pendekatan yang efektif adalah mengembangkan peta yang menampilkan tingkat curah hujan maksimum bulanan. Peta ini dapat dibuat menggunakan sistem informasi geospasial, seperti ArcGIS, dengan teknik interpolasi seperti Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). Berdasarkan analisis hidrologi dan interpolasi IDW, penelitian menemukan bahwa Kota Denpasar mengalami variasi intensitas curah hujan: hujan ringan (7-20 mm), hujan sedang (20-50 mm), dan hujan lebat (50-95 mm). Curah hujan tertinggi tercatat pada bulan Januari. Analisis visualisasi rancangan curah hujan mengungkapkan bahwa curah hujan harian maksimum untuk periode ulang 2 tahun berkisar antara 125-134 mm, terjadi di seluruh wilayah Denpasar kecuali Denpasar Selatan. Untuk periode ulang 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, dan 50 tahun, kisaran curah hujan harian maksimum masing-masing adalah 169-185 mm, 205-228 mm, 218-245 mm, 228-262 mm, 249-281 mm, dan 295-338 mm. Puncak hujan terfokus di Denpasar Barat dan Denpasar Selatan. Identifikasi daerah rawan banjir di Kota Denpasar menunjukkan bahwa risiko banjir tidak hanya bergantung pada curah hujan, tetapi juga dipengaruhi faktor antropogenik seperti perubahan tata guna lahan, sehingga diperlukan pembaruan peta risiko berbasis data spasial untuk mitigasi yang lebih efektif.
Kata-kata Kunci: Banjir, IDW, pemetaan
Abstract
Indonesia has recently faced a series of hydrometeorological disasters, including flooding. To mitigate the impacts of these events, one effective approach is to develop maps that display maximum monthly rainfall levels. These maps can be created using geospatial information systems, such as ArcGIS, with interpolation techniques like Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW). Based on hydrological analysis and IDW interpolation, the study found that the city of Denpasar experienced variations in rainfall intensity: light rain (7-20 mm), moderate rain (20-50 mm), and heavy rain (50-95 mm). The highest rainfall was recorded in January. The visual analysis of rainfall design reveals that the maximum daily rainfall for a 2-year return period ranges from 125-134 mm, occurring throughout Denpasar except for South Denpasar. For return periods of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 50 years, the ranges of maximum daily rainfall are 169-185 mm, 205-228 mm, 218-245 mm, 228-262 mm, 249-281 mm, and 295-338 mm, respectively. The peak rainfall is concentrated in West Denpasar and South Denpasar. The identification of flood-prone areas in Denpasar City shows that flood risk is not only dependent on rainfall, but is also influenced by anthropogenic factors such as land use changes, thus requiring updates to risk maps based on spatial data for more effective mitigation.
Keywords: Flood; IDW; mappin
Sistem Pemantauan dan Pengendalian Oksigen Terlarut Berbasis IoT untuk Budidaya Udang Vannamei di Air Payau Menggunakan Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN)
Vannamei shrimp farming in Indonesia is increasing due to its high economic value. Water quality management in aquaculture ponds is crucial to minimize the number of diseases related to poor water quality. One of the water quality parameters in shrimp farming is dissolved oxygen. In this monitoring and control system for dissolved oxygen in brackish water Vannamei shrimp farming based on the Internet of Things (IoT) using the Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN), measurements of dissolved oxygen levels in cultured water are carried out and displayed in the Android application so that it can be monitored by farmers in real time. When the dissolved oxygen level in the cultured water is more than 5.7 mg/l, the aerator will be OFF, but if the dissolved oxygen level is less than 5.7 mg/l, the aerator will be ON to maintain optimum dissolved oxygen levels for shrimp farming, which is more than 5 mg/l. Dissolved oxygen sensor validation is carried out, resulting in a measurement error correction value of 2.25% and an accuracy level of 97.74%. Based on the test results, this device can monitor dissolved oxygen in real time and operate the control system to maintain levels above the predetermined setpoint of 5 mg/l.Budidaya udang Vannamei di Indonesia sedang meningkat karena nilai ekonomisnya yang tinggi. Manajemen kualitas air dalam kolam kultur air adalah penting agar meminimalkan jumlah penyakit berkait kualitas air yang rendah. Salah satu parameter kualitas air adalah oksigen terlarut. Dalam sistem pemantauan dan pengendalian oksigen terlarut dalam pembudidayaan udang Vannamei di air payau yang berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) menggunakan Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN), pengukuran tingkat oksigen terlarut dalam air terkulturasi dilaksanakan dan diperagakan dalam aplikasi Android agar dapat dipantau para pembudi daya secara real time. Jika tingkat oksigen terlarut dalam air terkulturasi adalah lebih dari 5.7 mg/l, aerator akan dalam keadaan OFF, tetapi jika tingkat oksigen terlarut kurang dari 5.7 mg/l, aerator akan dalam keadaan ON untuk mempertahankan tingkat oksigen terlarut untuk budidaya udang, yaitu lebih dari 5 mg/l. Sensor validasi oksigen terlarut juga dilakukan, dengan hasil koreksi nilai error 2.25 % dan tingkat akurasi 97.74 %. Berdasar hasil uji coba, alat ini dapat memantau oksigen terlarut secara real time dan mengoperasikan sistem kendali agar tingkatan tetap dipertahankan di atas setpoint 5 mg/l yang telah ditetapkan sebelumnya
A Preliminary Study on the Need for Psychological Interventions for Injury Rehabilitation in Youth Footballer
Psychological responses can also be found in injured soccer players. There is
limited literature on the availability of psychological interventions that can help
athletes return to training and competition after injury in the Indonesian context.
This study aims to analyze the need for psychological interventions to support post-
injury medical rehabilitation in adolescent soccer athletes. Rapid Qualitative
Assessment A survey was conducted with a youth soccer player, a coach, and a
physiotherapist to understand the cognitive, emotional, and behavioral responses
of youth soccer players undergoing injury rehabilitation. Data analysis was
conducted using thematic analysis to generate themes regarding player reactions
to injury, support received, and expectations regarding needed psychological
interventions. Based on the resulting themes, intervention needs were identified
related to managing negative emotions and interpretations due to injury, fostering
motivation for recovery and encouraging behaviors that support rehabilitation, and
social support. These needs can serve as a reference in determining psychological
intervention methods for assisting youth soccer players who experience injuries..
Keywords: analysis needs, interventions psychology, rehabilitation injury, youth soccerRespons-respons psikologis dapat turut ditemui pada pemain sepak bola yang mengalami cedera. Masih terdapat keterbatasan kajian literatur mengenai ketersediaan intervensi psikologi yang dapat membantu atlet kembali dapat berlatih dan bertanding pasca cedera dalam konteks Indonesia. Penelitian bertujuan untuk melakukan analisa kebutuhan intervensi psikologis untuk pendampingan rehabilitasi medik pasca cedera yang dialami oleh atlet sepak bola remaja. Rapid Qualitative Assessment dilakukan kepada satu orang pemain sepak bola remaja, pelatih, serta fisioterapis untuk memahami respons kognitif, emosi, dan perilaku dari pemain sepak bola remaja yang menjalani rehabilitasi cedera. Analisis data dilakukan dengan analisis tematik untuk menghasilkan tema-tema reaksi pemain terhadap cedera, dukungan yang diterima, serta harapan terkait intervensi psikologis yang dibutuhkan. Berdasarkan tema-tema yang dihasilkan, ditemukan kebutuhan intervensi terkait penanggulangan emosi dan pemaknaan negatif akibat cedera, menumbuhkan motivasi untuk sembuh dan mendorong perilaku yang mendukung rehabilitasi, hingga dukungan sosial. Kebutuhan-kebutuhan tersebut dapat menjadi acuan dalam menetapkan metode intervensi psikologis dalam mendampingi pemain sepak bola remaja yang mengalami cedera.
Kata kunci : analisis kebutuhan, psikologi, intervensi, rehabilitas cedera, sepak bola remaja
Menelusuri Fenomena Budaya Foto Polaroid dari Analog ke Digital sebagai Pembentukan Citra
Artikel ini menunjukkan pergeseran fenomena budaya foto polaroid dari era analog ke era digital dan dampaknya terhadap pembentukan citra. Polaroid telah menjadi simbol kuat dengan kemampuan menghasilkan foto instan yang dapat dilihat langsung secara fisik. Dengan kemajuan teknologi digital, fotografi polaroid masih diminati dan mampu beradaptasi hingga saat ini. Perkembangan kamera digital dan aplikasi smartphone memungkinkan pengguna memotret dan mengedit gambar secara instan dengan tetap menggunakan citra polaroid sebelumnya. Hal ini mengarah pada munculnya pergerakan revolusi kultur visual polaroid dalam bentuk filter digital dan platform media sosial yang tetap mengapresiasi estetika foto polaroid. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, artikel ini memperlihatkan perkembangan foto polaroid dari analog ke digital sehingga membentuk citra dalam modernitas budaya. Penelitian ini membentuk wawasan baru terhadap pergeseran teknologi dapat memengaruhi makna dan persepsi terhadap foto polaroid saat ini.kata kunci: citra, budaya, makna, polaroid
This article aims to show the shifting process of the cultural phenomenon of Polaroid photography from the analog era to the digital era and its impact on image production up to the present day. Polaroid has become a strong symbol with its ability to produce instant photos that can be seen physically. With the current advancements in digital technology, Polaroid photography has undergone significant changes in creating its meaning. The development of digital cameras and smartphone applications allows users to easily capture and edit images instantly while still adapting the previous Polaroid image. This has led to the emergence of a visual cultural revolution movement in the form of digital filters and social media platforms that continue to appreciate the aesthetics of Polaroid photos. Through a qualitative approach, this article will analyze the process of Polaroid photo development from analog to digital, thus shaping the image in cultural modernity. This research will also provide new insights into how technological shifts can affect the meaning and perception of Polaroid photos today.Keywords: image, culture, meaning, polaroidJurnal ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis proses pergeseran fenomena budaya foto polaroid dari era analog ke era digital dan dampaknya terhadap pembentukan citra hingga saat ini. Polaroid telah menjadi simbol kuat dengan kemampuannya untuk menghasilkan foto instan yang dapat dilihat langsung secara fisik. Dengan kemajuan teknologi digital saat ini, fotografi polaroid mengalami perubahan signifikan dalam pembentukan maknanya. Perkembangan kamera digital dan aplikasi smartphone memungkinkan pengguna untuk dengan mudah memotret dan mengedit gambar secara instan, dengan tetap mengadaptasi citra polaroid sebelumnya. Hal ini mengarah pada munculnya pergerakan revolusi kultur visual polaroid dalam bentuk filter digital, dan platform media sosial yang tetap mengapresiasi estetika foto polaroid. Melalui pendekatan kualitatif, jurnal ini akan menganalisis proses perkembangan foto polaroid dari analog ke digital sehingga membentuk citra dalam modernitas budaya. Penelitian ini juga akan membuka wawasan baru terhadap bagaimana pergeseran teknologi dapat mempengaruhi makna dan persepsi terhadap foto polaroid saat ini
Rancang Bangun Sistem Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) dengan Metode Fuzzy Logic pada Prototype Robo Car
The rapid growth of four-wheeled vehicles in Indonesia has contributed to an increase in traffic accidents, where human error is a significant factor. Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) is a technology that has been widely implemented in Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) to improve driving safety. This study develops a Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC)-based ACC system using ESP8266 as the main microcontroller to optimize adaptive vehicle speed control based on the distance to the object in front. This system is designed to process distance and speed data in real-time, allowing it to adjust the vehicle's speed without sudden changes. A fuzzy logic model was developed and validated through MATLAB simulations before being implemented into hardware. Test results indicate that the FLC-based ACC system can maintain a safe distance and dynamically regulate speed, exhibiting smoother speed transitions compared to conventional methods. A comparison between MATLAB simulation results and real-world implementations shows that the system can operate with high accuracy, despite differences due to environmental factors. With this success, this research proves that FLC can be a more flexible alternative in ACC systems and has the potential to be applied in the development of electric and autonomous vehicles in the future.Pertumbuhan jumlah kendaraan roda empat di Indonesia yang pesat telah berkontribusi pada peningkatan angka kecelakaan lalu lintas, di mana kesalahan manusia menjadi faktor utama. Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) merupakan teknologi yang telah banyak diterapkan dalam sistem bantuan pengemudi (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems/ADAS) untuk meningkatkan keselamatan berkendara. Penelitian ini mengembangkan sistem ACC berbasis Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) menggunakan ESP8266 sebagai mikrokontroler utama, dengan tujuan mengoptimalkan pengendalian kecepatan kendaraan secara adaptif berdasarkan jarak terhadap objek di depannya. Sistem ini dirancang untuk mengolah data jarak dan kecepatan secara real-time, sehingga dapat menyesuaikan kecepatan kendaraan tanpa perubahan yang tiba-tiba. Model fuzzy logic dikembangkan dan divalidasi melalui simulasi MATLAB sebelum diimplementasikan ke dalam perangkat keras. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa sistem ACC berbasis FLC mampu menjaga jarak aman dan mengatur kecepatan secara dinamis, dengan transisi kecepatan yang lebih halus dibandingkan metode konvensional. Perbandingan antara hasil simulasi MATLAB dan implementasi nyata menunjukkan bahwa sistem dapat beroperasi dengan akurasi tinggi meskipun terdapat perbedaan akibat faktor lingkungan. Dengan keberhasilan ini, penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa FLC dapat menjadi alternatif yang lebih fleksibel dalam sistem ACC dan memiliki potensi untuk diterapkan dalam pengembangan kendaraan listrik dan otonom di masa depan
Norma dan Negosiasi dalam Fandom Plave Indonesia di X
In virtual idol fandoms, fans often follow shared norms that shape how they interact with one another. This research draws on fandom, norms, and negotiation theories to explore how such norms emerge and are negotiated within the Plli fandom on social media X, focusing on the figure of “Terra Plave” as the controlling presence behind Plave’s virtual idol avatar. Based on data from phenomenological interviews with four Indonesian fans, the study identifies two central aspects of these norms: the types of accounts fans use and their responses to provocative posts and doxxing. The findings suggest that the norms surrounding Terra Plave reflect an ongoing process of negotiation among fans, aimed at resolving internal conflicts triggered by official statements from Plave’s label.Dalam fandom idola virtual, penggemar sering mengikuti norma-norma bersama yang membentuk cara mereka berinteraksi dengan satu sama lain. Penelitian ini mengacu pada teori fandom dan teori norma untuk mengeksplorasi bagaimana norma-norma tersebut muncul dan dinegosiasikan dalam fandom Plli di media sosial X, dengan fokus pada figur “Terra Plave” sebagai sosok pengendali dibalik avatar idola virtual Plave. Berdasarkan data wawancara fenomenologi terhadap empat orang penggemar Indonesia, penelitian ini mengidentifikasi dua aspek utama dari norma-norma tersebut, yaitu jenis akun yang digunakan penggemar dan tanggapan mereka terhadap unggahan provokatif dan doksing. Temuan penelitian ini menunjukkan norma seputar Terra Plave mencerminkan proses negosiasi yang sedang berlangsung di antara para penggemar, ditujukan untuk menyelesaikan konflik internal yang dipicu oleh pernyataan resmi dari label yang menaungi Plave
Revitalization of the Sanur Special Economic Zone (SEZ): Integrating Regional Planning, Sustainable Architecture, and Adaptive Interior Design for a Culturally-based Health Tourism Destination
The revitalization of the Sanur Special Economic Zone (SEZ) marks a strategic shift in Indonesia’s approach to sustainable tourism development. This study examined how an integrated planning framework encompassing regional planning, green architecture, and adaptive interior design was employed to reposition Sanur as a competitive hub for health and wellness tourism. Using a case study approach, this research combined field observations, in-depth interviews with key stakeholders, and analysis of policy and spatial planning documents. Key innovations highlighted in this study were: ecological zoning, adaptive reuse of heritage structures, engagement with local artisans, and the implementation of renewable energy systems. The findings reveal that these interventions not only enhance environmental performance and spatial quality but also strengthen cultural identity and foster community participation. This study contributes a replicable model for heritage-based tourism revitalization in developing countries, particularly in Southeast Asia, by integrating global sustainability principles with the Balinese local philosophy of Tri Hita Karana. The proposed model offers both a theoretical contribution to the literature on urban regeneration and a practical reference for planners, architects, and policymaker
Identification of Community-Based Football Activities in Yogyakarta: A Philosophical Review
Football is not always professional and is not entirely competitive or achievement-
oriented. Football can also be carried out as a recreational activity. Community-
based football, more familiarly known as fun football, represents football activities
that are recreational in nature. This study aims to identify the philosophical values
contained in community-based football activities in Yogyakarta. Using a
qualitative-philosophical approach (ethnography, phenomenology, hermeneutics),
this study explores how community football is not only understood as a physical
activity but also as a medium for reflecting humanistic values, solidarity, and local
identity. Data were collected through participatory observation, in-depth
interviews with respondents (consisting of players, coaches, team administrators,
and field managers), as well as text analysis from relevant documents. The research
results show that community football in Yogyakarta contains philosophical values
such as mutual cooperation, togetherness, and happiness. This activity also serves
as a space for negotiation between local traditions and modernity, which can have
a positive impact on the sports tourism sector. The study concludes that community-
based football in Yogyakarta is a social practice rich in philosophical meaning, as
well as a form of resistance to the commercialization of sports.
Keywords: philosophical, community, football, yogyakarta.Olahraga sepak bola tidak selalu bersifat profesional dan tidak juga sepenuhnya kompetitif atau mengejar prestasi. Sepak bola juga dapat dilakukan sebagai sebuah aktivitas yang bersifat rekreasi. Sepak bola berbasis komunitas atau yang lebih akrab disebut fun football merupakan perwujudan dari aktivitas sepak bola yang bersifat rekreasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai filosofis yang terkandung dalam aktivitas sepak bola berbasis komunitas di Yogyakarta. Dengan pendekatan kualitatif-filosofis (etnografi, fenomenologi, hermeneutik) studi ini mengeksplorasi bagaimana sepakbola komunitas tidak hanya dipahami sebagai aktivitas fisik, tetapi juga sebagai media refleksi nilai-nilai humanis, solidaritas, dan identitas lokal. Data dikumpulkan melalui observasi partisipatif, wawancara mendalam dengan para responden (terdiri dari pemain, pelatih, pengurus tim, dan pengelola lapangan), serta analisis teks dari dokumen yang relevan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sepak bola komunitas di Yogyakarta mengandung nilai-nilai filosofis seperti gotong royong, guyub (kebersamaan), dan kebahagiaan. Aktivitas ini juga menjadi ruang negosiasi antara tradisi lokal dan modernitas yang dapat berdampak positif bagi sektor sport tourism. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa sepak bola berbasis komunitas di Yogyakarta merupakan praktik sosial yang kaya akan makna filosofis, sekaligus bentuk resistensi terhadap komersialisasi olahraga.
Kata kunci: Filosofis, Komunitas, Sepak bola, Yogyakarta.
 
IMPLEMENTATION OF SUSTAINABLE FOOD HOUSE AREA MODEL (SFHAM) IN CICADAS’ VILLAGE, CIBEUNYING KIDUL SUB-DISTRICT, BANDUNG
This community service activity aims to implement the Sustainable Food House Area Model (SFHAM) as an effort to improve food security and community welfare in Cicadas Village, Cibeunying Kidul District, Bandung. The activity stages include site surveys and coordination with relevant parties, socialization of the SFHAM concept, and training in innovative farming techniques such as hydroponics, the Dutch Bucket System (DBS), and the Organic Tower Garden (OTG). The results of the activity demonstrate success in enhancing residents’ knowledge and skills in managing their yards as sustainable food sources, as well as their ability to independently produce healthy food. SFHAM has proven to be an effective approach for local food security in urban areas when supported by continuous mentoring and active community participation. Evaluation and monitoring indicate the need for continuous mentoring and adaptation of methods to local conditions to ensure the sustainability of the program. Thus, the implementation of SFHAM is expected to support local food security, improve family economics, and contribute to sustainable environmental management in urban areas
Bauxitization and REE Redistribution in Weathered I-type Granite Profile of Gunung Kijang, Bintan Island
Weathering is often linked to economic mineral enrichment, including nickel, bauxite, and rare earth elements (REE). The exposed granitic rocks on Bintan Island, Riau Islands Province, belong to the Southeastern Asian Eastern Granite Province. This study examines the bauxitization process and REE distribution across weathered granite horizons in the Gunung Kijang area. Major oxides were analyzed using X-ray fluorescence, while trace and rare earth elements were determined by inductively coupled plasma–mass spectrometry. The trace element composition and metaluminous nature of the parent granite confirm its I-type classification. Kaolinization and bauxitization were observed in the weathered layers, with Al₂O₃ and Fe₂O₃T contents ranging from 25.21–46.50% and 6.99–8.76%, respectively. Total REE content in the weathered horizons (up to 76 ppm) is lower than in the parent rock (214 ppm). Nevertheless, the soft, near-surface materials offer potential for future REE utilization. Clay minerals are the main REE hosts, while the enrichment from the C-horizon upward is influenced by higher organic matter near the surface. Similar Eu and Ce anomaly patterns indicate minimal feldspar in the original granite or limited feldspar breakdown during weathering