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Meteorological Data Acquisition at the Oliginal Location of the Seikei Meteorological Observatory
Get PDFSDGsのターゲット13「気候変動に具体的対策を」を実現するためには，長期的な気温変化の測定について，正しい理解をする必要がある．成蹊学園所属の成蹊気象観測所では約100年にわたって，学内の気温を正確に測定してきている．この間で，学内での観測場所の移動によって継続性が保たれているかどうかを検証するために，100年前の観測点と現在の観測点において，気象庁検定機器を用い，2022年1年間に10分間隔で測定された気温データを分析した．両観測点のデータ間の相関や差，その原因を調べ，成蹊学園の気温観測が連続したデータとして扱えることを明らかにした．In order to achieve Target 13 of the SDGs “Take urgent action to combat climate change and its impacts.”, it is necessary to have a correct understanding of how to measure long-term temperature changes. For about 100 years, the Seikei Meteorological Observatory has been measuring the temperature on the campus of the Seikei Family of schools. To verify the continuity of these data, parallel temperature measurements were taken at the original location and at the present observation location in 2022 at 10 minute time intervals using registered verification equipment from the Japan Meteorological Agency. Scatter plots and correlation coefficients were used to examine the consistency and the degree of difference between the respective data. As a result, annual temperature data at the Seikei Meteorological Observatory were found to be valid for continuity.departmental bulletin pape
In Quest of “Full and Unconditional Sovereignty” : Hans-Dietrich Genscher and the Issue of a Unified Germanyʼs Full Membership in NATO
Get PDFIn the process of German unification 1989/1990 two critical and interrelated questions arose: sovereignty of a unified Germany and its security status. This article examines how the Federal Republic of Germany （FRG）could get Soviet consent to a unified Germanyʼs full membership in NATO and acquire “full sovereignty”. Using newly available diplomatic sources, the author tries to reevaluate the role of Hans-Dietrich Genscher, Foreign Minister of the FRG, which has not been paid much attention in previous studies. This article stresses three points about Genscherʼs contributions in this process: first, referring to the Helsinki Final Act of 1975, Genscher emphasized that Germany should have the right to decide whether to be a full membership of NATO. Second, he promoted the transformation of NATO through the “Message from Turnberry” of June 1990 which was drafted by the West German Foreign Office. Third, Genscher made an effort to build a relationship of profound trust with the Soviets, especially through numerous talks with Shevardnadze.departmental bulletin pape
Responsibility of States and Corporations for Pollution of the Seas by Oil from Ships
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Child Poverty and Wel-being : Data from First National Survey
Get PDFこの論文は、保護者の貧困が子どものウェルビーイングに影響するのかを検討する。先行研究によると、収入、雇用など経済状況が悪化すると幸福感が低下するが、子どもについては分かっていない。そこで、保護者が貧困層にあるほど、子どものウェルビーイングが低いのかどうかを仮説として検証する。データとして、量的調査である令和2年度子供の生活状況調査を用いる。これは子どもの貧困について、初のランダムサンプリングによる全国調査である。内閣府によって実施され、子ども（中学2年生）とその保護者を対象に郵送で送付された（有効回収数は2,715組、有効回収率は54.3%）。分析の結果、保護者が貧困層にあるほど、ひとり親であるほど、食料や衣服やインフラで剥奪経験があるほど、子どもの生活満足度が有意に低かった。したがって、保護者の貧困は、さまざまな剥奪経験をとおして、子どものウェルビーイングを低下させることが示唆された。departmental bulletin pape
Mineral Carbonation of Concrete Sludge and Utilization of the Products : Ecotankaru® and PAdeCS®
Get PDFNippon Concrete Industries, Co. Ltd. has a collaborative work with the University of Tokyo, Tohoku University and Seikei University on the development of a novel mineral carbonation process using concrete sludge under the financial support by New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO), and Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism of the Japanese government. Concrete sludge is a waste of fresh concrete, which is disposed of after filtration and neutralization. To reduce the cost for the waste treatment, we developed a new process to utilize the concrete sludge, where concrete sludge is converted to calcium carbonate (ECOTANKARU) and PAdeCS (Phosphorous adsorbent derived from Concrete sludge) by using water and flue gas containing CO_2. The obtained calcium carbonate is highly valuable with high purity (> 95%) and can be used for a wide range of fields. PAdeCS is a material which can be used as a material for recovering phosphorous from sewage water in the form of hydroxyapatite (HAP) and removing toxic substances in water such as arsenic, lead, boron.departmental bulletin pape
Mineral Carbonation Process of Carbon Dioxide as Mitigation Measures for Global Warming
Get PDFThe mineral carbonation method is an effective countermeasure for global warming. In the mineral carbonation method, anthropogenically emitted carbon dioxide is captured and fixed as carbonates by using calcium or magnesium sources. For a practical mineral carbonation process, the carbonation reaction should be accelerated, and a huge amount of calcium or magnesium sources should be secured. Waste concrete is a calcium source with the highest CO_2 fixation potential in Japan at about 6 million tons annually. We have developed a new type of CO_2 fixation process by using waste concrete as a calcium source. The process is composed of four steps, namely, (1) absorption of CO_2 from flue gas stream by using an alkaline metal hydroxide solution such as sodium hydroxide, NaOH, (2) extraction of calcium ions from waste concrete by using a strong acid such as hydrochloric acid, HCl, (3) carbonation by mixing the two solutions obtained in the absorption step and the extraction step to form calcium carbonate as a precipitant, CaCO3. The obtained calcium carbonate, where CO_2 in the flue gas is fixed in a solid form, can be used as a raw material for widerange industries such as fillers in paper or plastics, additives, or cement. The remained solution of sodium chloride, NaCl, after carbonation and filtration of calcium carbonate, can be treated by the bipolar membrane electrodialysis (BPED), where sodium hydroxide and hydrochloric acid can be regenerated by electric power. By the regeneration step (4), the total process is closed as a cyclic process without consuming alkaline and acid. We have examined the characteristics of each step based on laboratory-scale experimental studies, and it was confirmed that the method can realize a negative CO_2 emission. Further reduction of the power consumption for step (4) is the key to improve the process efficiency.departmental bulletin pape
Annual Report of Seikei Education and Research Center for Sustainable Development
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