VGTU Journals (Vilnius Gediminas Technical University - Vilnius Tech)
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Settling the debate: does digitalisation impact the economic growth in the European Union Member States?
No full textThis research analyses the influence of digitalisation (Digitalisation Composite Indicator (ITC)) on economic growth (GDP per capita) by scrutinising the progression of digitalisation intensity and its impact. Digital technology has the potential to exert a substantial influence on various facets of the national economy, significantly impacting economic growth, innovation, and overall quality of life. Given the disparities among European Union Member States concerning governance quality, the imperative of digitalisation becomes evident in advancing economic prosperity, irrespective of a country’s development status. Specifically, our study aims to evaluate the effects of the implementation of digital tools on economic growth in the Member States of the European Union (EU-27) from 2017 to 2021. Two advanced methods, Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and the Ordinary Least Square model (OLS), were employed to conduct the empirical research. The findings indicate that before the pandemic, the level of digitalisation was subpar, marked by limited technological advancement. Nations exhibiting a heightened degree of digitalisation also demonstrate elevated levels of economic development. These results underscore countries’ need to realign and reconfigure their digital transformation strategies, emphasising incorporating digital technologies and cultivating ongoing innovation to bolster long-term economic growth.
First publihed online 02 July 202
Trade liberalization, price transmission and household welfare: evidence from China
No full textThis paper estimates the welfare effect of trade through the price channel by jointly considering the consumption and income effect. The consumer price data and household survey data of China are used to conduct the empirical analysis. For assessing the consumption effect, the quadratic almost ideal demand system (QUAIDS) model is used to capture the substitution effect of price changes. We find that every household of China is better off due to the reduction of import tariffs, but there is a strongly pro-poor bias. More importantly, ignoring the substitution effect on the consumption side not only underestimates the absolute value of welfare changes but also distorts the distribution of welfare changes. Our results imply the importance of the consumption effect in estimating the welfare gain of households from trade liberalization. Our framework can also be extended to assess consequences of the opening policies of other economies.
First published online 05 June 202
The digital economy and city innovation convergence – an empirical research based on the innovation value chain theory
No full textWithin China’s strategy for innovation-driven development, digital economy (DE) plays a crucial role, significantly influences city innovation convergence. This study, grounded in the theoretical perspective of the innovation value chain theory (IVCT), divides innovation activities into two major phases: technological research phase and results transformation phase, and uses data from 283 Chinese cities spanning 2011 to 2021, it systematically explores, for the first time, the convergence characteristics of city innovation activities in each phase and delves deeply into the role of DE in this process. The findings reveal that city innovation in China’s cities demonstrates notable convergence characteristics during both technological research and achievements transformation phases. These convergence traits persist in both phases, even when accounting for spatial effects, particularly regarding the engagement of DE. Furthermore, in technological research phase, fiscal pressures faced by local governments diminish the effectiveness of DE in fostering city innovation convergence; but, during achievements transformation phase, such fiscal pressures do not impede DE’s capacity to enhance city innovation convergence. Lastly, the difference of city Innovation and entrepreneurial vitality during both technological research and achievements transformation phases restrict DE’s potential to support city innovation convergence, with a more pronounced diminishing effect observed in technological research phase. This study provides important decision-making support for policymakers and helps further uncover and unleash the potential of DE in promoting city innovation convergence.
First published online 05 June 202
A new method to solve multi-objective linear fractional programming problem in fuzzy stochastic environment
No full textFuzzy stochastic optimization has emerged as an effective approach for dealing with probabilistic and imprecise uncertainties, which makes it useful for problems when data is simultaneously impacted by vagueness and randomness. When these uncertainties involve in decision making problem where, it is required to determine the relative merits between different alternatives, we have often used the fuzzy stochastic fractional programming problem. This paper developed a new approach to derive the acceptable range of objective values for a Multi-objective fuzzy stochastic linear fractional programming problem (MOFSLFPP). In this problem, the fuzzy random variables coefficient is involved as the parameters of the objective function as well as system constraints. The proposed method constructs an expectation model based on the mean of the fuzzy random variable. For the satisfaction level of decision-makers, the level set properties of the fuzzy set are applied in the objective function. The chance-constrained programming method is utilized to transform the MOFSLFPP into its equivalent crisp form. For validation of the proposed methodology, an existing numerical has been solved, and the comparison of the proposed methodology has been discussed with the existing one. Also to demonstrate the practical application of this methodology, an inventory management problem has been discussed
Nexus between financial development and Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). European Union perspective
No full textIn environmental, social, and governance (ESG) risk conditions, implementing Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) becomes a key priority. This involves not only direct financing but also establishing a support system through sustainable financial products and services, supported by the development of financial markets, especially in terms of sustainability. Financial development varies across countries, prompting an examination of the relationship between the SDGs and financial development in the European Union countries. 27 countries were studied from 2008 to 2021 using the Financial Development Index (FDI) and 55 indicators from the SDGs database. Panel data analysis was conducted, utilizing geostatistics and econometrics, including the cartogram method, descriptive statistics, dynamics, relative growth indicators, and panel unit root tests. The analysis revealed that financial development expressed by the immediate and delayed FDI is the Granger cause of shaping the SDGs. The most robust relationships were diagnosed for FDI and SDG2, SDG5, SDG8, SDG11, SDG12, and SDG16. The article makes an original contribution to research because, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, no similar research on FDI and SDGs has been conducted so far, and the research results may constitute a basis for authorities influencing FDI and SDGs.
First published online 02 April 202
Study on the polymeric treatment with rice husk silica on sisal fiber in cementicious composites
No full textThis research evaluates how treating sisal fibers with expanded polystyrene (EPS) and rice husk silica (RHS) affects their absorption capacity, tensile strength, and adhesion when used in Portland cement matrices. The study on sisal fibers treated with EPS and RHS polymers found that the treatment significantly reduced water absorption by 70%, from 84.67% for untreated fibers to 15.18% for treated ones, due to the hydrophobic nature of EPS. Optical microscopy revealed an irregular polymer layer on the fibers, which, while improving dimensional stability, could impair fiber-matrix interaction. Despite these improvements, the treatment did not notably enhance the mechanical properties of the fibers, as the breaking strength remained similar to untreated fibers, and the rupture displacement slightly decreased
Determination of location of historical and cultural heritage objects using photogrammetric and geophysical methods
No full textTwo central problems related to the study of historical fortification systems are apparent. First, there are high labour costs for the excavation of defensive structures. Therefore, studying each line of defence along its entire length by traditional archaeological methods is practically impossible. That’s probably why special studies of the fortification system are the exception rather than the rule, and information about defensive structures is given in single sections. The second problem is related to the fact that some lines of fortifications were destroyed in ancient times or were practically destroyed due to later economic activity. The specified circumstances determine the need to use photogrammetric and geophysical methods for the preliminary search of the infrastructure of defence structures. This work provides an example of deciding mass graves during the Second World War using the interpretative properties of German aerial photographs of 1944, archival cartographic data on the territory of the Lviv Citadel, where the Nazi concentration camp for prisoners of war Stalag-328 was located during the war. After predetermining the places of mass graves by photogrammetric methods, geophysical surveys were carried out with the help of ground-penetrating radar (GPR) for the exact localisation of the graves. 13 locations of mass burials and mass executions and burning of bodies of prisoners of war were discovered
Supply decision of existing apartment: Case study of apartment transactions in Gangdong district, Seoul, Korea
No full textDespite its importance, homeowners’ supply type decision has been under-researched due to data limitations. We construct a dataset of 4,037 apartment units in Gangdong district, Seoul, Korea over a 46-quarter period (2011Q1–2022Q2). We simultaneously analyse both the asset and space markets. The results show that the estimated probability and estimated volume of sale from supply type choice models are statistically significant in both the sales and rental price models. The key findings of our study are two. We find that the housing sales and rental markets interact and co-move together. We also demonstrate that the institution of the two-year lease contract period influences the transaction probabilities in both the sales and rental markets. For the supply type decision model, the estimated sale-transaction (rental-transaction) price significantly impacts the sale-transaction (rental-transaction) volume. However, no significant relationship was found between the estimated sale price and rental-transaction volume, nor between the estimated rental price and sale-transaction volume. The results of the forecast-performance comparison show that the integrated supply model_T/probability (calibrated) is the best for sales volume, whereas the two-year lagged value is the best for rental-volume estimation. This demonstrates institutional effects in the rental-housing market in Korea
A critical history of architectural modernism
No full textFuture generations deserve and need an honest accounting of architectural Modernism, and its Neo-Modernist and “Post-Modernist” variants, based on scientific analysis and the factual historical record. Reintroducing traditional tectonic culture and focusing on applying fractal and planar symmetries to design critique provides a more revolutionary account of the Modernist concept, its associated “propaganda”, and the physical legacy of the movement. The authors seek answers to two questions: (1) whether Modernist architecture justly conquered the world by its claimed “Zeitgeist” – or was its success due to other factors; and (2) to what extent Modernism brings about the originally promised cultural and social benefits today. This essay seeks to clear up the ambiguity of the Modernist architectural doctrine through facts, and includes criticisms regarding its massive detrimental impact on the world’s built and natural environments. A growing movement in Europe and elsewhere is challenging the legitimacy of many contemporary architectural designs. These critics attack the persistence of discredited Modernist theory, and the resulting harm to people and our planet. Defenders respond that the members of this movement are ignorant populists who do not understand the legitimate theoretical and cultural foundations of contemporary design. Here we examine this controversy and conclude that a considerable body of scientific evidence supports the critics. By focusing on the choices we do have today, we empower architects to implement drastic changes in new projects
Perception and definition of artistic craft within cultural and creative industries based on the qualitative data analysis
No full textCulture and creativity are integral to European cultural and creative industries, pivotal in shaping Europe’s identity and global prominence. The focus on crafts within the cultural and creative industries ecosystem underscores their cultural significance. However, classifying crafts as artistic or traditional needs more systematic indicators. This article addresses this gap by proposing a methodology to evaluate the artistry of crafts. Twelve indicators were identified based on literature and in-depth interviews with Czech craft organizations to evaluate the artistry of the particular craft. Chosen respondents (legal entities and natural persons) self-evaluated these indicators, assigning weights based on importance. Results revealed varying weights, with mastery of the craft and originality deemed most significant. The proposed methodology offers a scalable approach to determining the artistry of crafts and aiding enterprises and policymakers in supporting cultural and creative industries. This study contributes to theory as well as practice by providing a comprehensive framework for identifying and evaluating artistic craftsmanship within the cultural and creative industries