Pakistan Journal of Education
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Comparison of Motivation Attributes Among Teachers at Cadet and Public Sectors Colleges.
No full textMotivation refers to a reason that motivates manners that is characterized by readiness and wish. This research was focused to compare the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation of teachers teaching in Cadet and Public sector colleges. The population of this study was comprised of all Cadet and Public Colleges of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Pakistan).One hundred teachers teaching in Cadet and Public sectors colleges included in the sample. Probability sampling technique was used to select sample of the study. The study was descriptive in nature therefore a questionnaire was used as an instrument to collect the data. The researcher developed the questionnaire by using five point Likert Scale on the basis of Literature, related studies and under the guidance of supervisor. The questionnaire was consisting ten statements related to the motivation. Findings based on intrinsic and extrinsic motivation of teachers teaching in Cadet and Public sectors colleges showed that no significant difference was found between intrinsic and extrinsic motivation of Cadet and Public sectors college’s teachers. Keeping in view the objectives of the study the statistical analysis and findings of the study the following conclusions were derived that the cadet and public colleges teachers have the similar opinion regarding the intrinsic and extrinsic motivation relating their job because both sectors teachers can meet their living needs from their jobs.
An Empirical Investigation of Supervisory Management Styles and Associated Factors for Postgraduate Level Research Supervision
Full text linkBased on the dynamic model of supervisory management styles this research focused on the empirical verification of the preferred supervisory management styles and their associated baseline characteristics of supervisors and supervisees. The study used a mixed-methods research approach and conducted in two phases. In the first phase, semi-structured interviews were conducted from 30 supervisors from different disciplines to get an overview of the context specific supervision problems faced by supervisors and their approaches to solve them during the different research stages. These interviews helped to develop items of supervisory management styles questionnaire (SMSQ). This questionnaire was based on 12 different situations. In the second phase, supervisors and supervisees from the 13 different universities of Punjab were selected purposively to respond the supervisory management styles questionnaire. The chi-square tests were performed to analyze the preferred supervisory management styles and their association with personal, academic and institutional characteristics of supervisors and supervisees. The results showed significant influence of the supervisees’ background profile characteristics and supervisors’ administrative position on the adoption of a particular supervisory management style at postgraduate level. The study identified the baseline characteristics associated with different supervision styles that may help to resolve possible supervisory alignment conflict
Predicting the Role of Study habits in Academic achievement: A study of university students in Punjab
Full text linkThe present study was designed to predict the role of study habits in academic achievement and to identify the study patterns and environment for studying of high, average and low achievers at University level. This was a survey study based on data from 1334 student from government universities of Punjab include same departments. Students were chosen proportionately, according to the existed total number of the students in the department. Data was collected through a self-developed questionnaire. Semester GPAs were taken to divide students’ in. high, average and low achievers. Reliability coefficient of study habits questionnaire was .866. The findings revealed that all university students like to study silently but percentage of high achievers is comparative elevated in this pattern. As far as environment for studying is concerned it was found that preferred environment of low and high students was studying in bedroom and study in T.V lounge is commonly used by low and average students. Result showed that the study habits play positive role in the improvement of academic results in university scholars in Punjab.
Advancing Public Education in Pakistan Through a Teacher Exchange Program in the United States
Full text linkThis study examined a multi-year teacher exchange program to understand its possible impact on advancing Pakistan’s public education. A major goal of the study was to analyze how educators in the program viewed, interpreted, and could transform the new knowledge and strategies learned in the program into effective practices in their Pakistani educational settings. Data were gathered from open-ended questionnaires and focus groups discussions with 37 in-service secondary teachers who attended a 6-week professional development program in the United States. Participants indicated that low-class size, technological tools, diversity, teacher-student interactions, social and cultural practices, and classroom structures were some of the major differences between the US and Pakistan’s classrooms. Information on differences, similarities, and culturally acceptable adaptations are shared.
Language Assessment in Higher Education: Challenges and Consequences
Full text linkSeveral research studies have reported that language assessment carried out at higher education institutes in Pakistan are far from satisfactory. However, they have not addressed the challenges causing these weaknesses. The present research, therefore, is an attempt to gain insight into the reasons of and the resulting consequences for these unsatisfactory assessment practices. The study followed a qualitative approach to develop a detailed understanding of the challenges and the ensuing consequences. Thirty teachers from higher education institutes were selected as a sample using purposive sampling. The data were collected through semi-structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews and examination papers. The findings indicate that teachers-cum-assessors face multiple challenges in language assessment. These challenges arise from various factors such as practicality, learners, test design, institutional obligations and teachers themselves. Although, the teachers employ several strategies to cope with the challenges, their negative impact is evident on the assessment practices in terms of selective skills and subskills as well as limited choice of test tasks. Assessment has a strong impact on language teaching and learning and the challenges in assessment hamper the language teachers from designing useful assessment. Therefore, by addressing the potential barriers, language assessment practices can be reshaped for conducive language learning and teaching. The results also emphasize the need to enhance language teachers’ assessment literacy through training and professional development programs
Conceptual Content Analysis: Policy Documentation for the Quality of Higher Education in Pakistan
Full text linkWe are living in the age of quality competition, in marketing term, everything in the time is only alive until sustains its quality. If something elapsing its quality is meant to ending its existence from the world gradually. The leading aim of the existing paper was to analyses the content related to quality and quality assurance process of higher education in Pakistan. The paradigm of the research was interpretive paradigm and content analysis with its conceptual design was used to conduct the study. Through purposive sampling, three documents were used as a sample of the study. This investigation was conducted under a developmental approach and various policy document along with the concerned bodies ‘were used to support the theme of this paper. Multiple sources were used for data analysis, membership categorization analysis for interviews data and keywords in context analysis for document analysis. It was concluded that quality means meeting the predetermined standards and six themes were noted during qualitative analysis
Effect of Induction Training Program on Teachers’ Effectiveness at Elementary School Level in Punjab
Full text linkInduction training programs are organized to make teachers familiar with their profession so that they can perform their duties effectively. This study was an exploration of framework of induction training program (ITP) for elementary school educators in Punjab. This qualitative inquiry was based on opinion of all induction training experts and documents related with teachers’ training. The purposively selected sample for this study was five experts of induction training program and documents related with induction training of teachers. Interviews of induction training experts were conducted. Thematic analysis of interviews and documents related with induction training of teachers was conducted. Different themes and coding categories were identified to execute the analysis of responses of induction training experts and documents of induction training. It was concluded from the results that there were five phases of framework of induction training program. First phase was training needs assessment (TNA), second was methodologies, third was training areas, fourth was rationale and fifth was evaluation. There is need to conduct researches on exploration of framework of induction training programs. This will enable different countries to compare their frameworks and enable their teachers to become more effective in accordance with international standards
Effect of Directed Activities Related to Texts on English Writing Skill: Relevance and Adequacy of the Content of Grade XI Students
No full textThis paper addresses the effect of directed activities related to texts (DARTs) on English writing skill: relevance and adequacy of the contents. An experimental study was conducted through true pre test post test control group design. A public sector degree college for boys from district Lahore was selected as sample of the study. Sixty students out of 400 enrolled in session 2018-19 were selected and divided into two equal groups randomly. DARTs were intervened continuously for 16 weeks to the experimental group. Students’ English writing skill: relevance and adequacy of the content was measured through a supply type English writing skill test. Test was marked according to the rubrics Test of English for Educational Purpose (TEEP) by Reading University. Data were analyzed by using repeated measures paired sample t test and independent sample t test. Findings revealed that Directed Activities Related to Texts (DARTs) were effective for teaching English writing skill: Relevance and adequacy of the content. Teachers teaching English as second language at grade XI were recommended to teach text by implementing DARTs as classroom activities for teaching English writing skill. Students of grade XI were also recommended to practice DARTs to improve their English writing skil
Semiotic analysis of English books of Punjab Textbook Board (Pakistan) with Gender Lens: Exploring the gender sensitization level of Punjab Textbook Board officers
Full text linkSemiotics is visual literacy which is an important aspect of learning process involving various social aspects of a society. Visuals are used dominantly in all books of early learners because it is considered the most efficient way of learning and teaching. Representation of gender through visual literacy is the most current and debatable social issue in the contemporary world. Though in Punjab Textbook Board, the text books of almost all subjects including English textbooks of all classes are supplemented with visuals. English is made a compulsory subject from class 1 till 10 and are always in lime light at international level. But unfortunately this aspect of gender is being neglected in the English textbooks of Punjab, Pakistan. Interviews were conducted from the officers of textbook board to explore the level of sensitization regarding gender and its representation. These interviews revealed that they are unable to understand the true concept of gender due to which male and female are still presented in stereotypical ways. Through interviews it was seen that this inability of true understanding and representation of gender is due to the officials’ unawareness, cost constraints of management and social norms
Early Childhood Education, Mediation Analysis; A measurement of Factors Affecting Performance of Public Schools of Punjab Pakistan
No full textThe main purpose of this study was to examine the factors that affect the performance of public schools for early childhood education (ECE) in Punjab, Pakistan. ECE focuses on provision of effective nutrition, health care, secure and compassionate environment and participatory opportunities for the children of 3-5 years age. A survey has been conducted for data collection using a structured questionnaire which was adapted from Early childhood Environment Rating Scale (ECERS). Total 90 responses were collected from teachers and parents of 36 ECE public sector schools in 6 districts of Punjab. The research design has been followed to explore the structural equation modeling (SEM) of variables. The results of the study reflected that qualification of teachers (QT) and availability of facilities (AF) are important factors that positively affect parent’s satisfaction (PS). Moreover, the AF mediates the relationship between QT and PS. The study will help academia and policy makers to effectively address the issues of performance of ECE schools. The impact of indicators like QT and experience of teacher were evaluated for the first time in public sector ECE schools and recommended to replicate it in all other public / private educational institutions. Keywords: early childhood education, structural equational modelling, availability of facilities, parent’s satisfaction, performance, mediation