Pakistan Journal of Education
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Does Mind Mapping Technique improve Cohesion and Coherence in Composition Writing? An Experimental Study
Full text linkThe purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the instructions, founded on mind mapping and traditional teaching techniques for cohesive and coherent teaching in the composition writing of tenth-grade students. This study used a pre-test post-test control group design. Sixty (60) junior students (30 boys and 30 girls) from two schools were randomly selected. The students in the control group were guided by traditional teaching techniques, and the students in the experimental group were guided by the technique of mind mapping. The Subject Achievement Test (SAT) was conducted as a pre-test and post-test on two groups to assess student achievement. As a result, it was discovered that there was a significant difference in the average posttest scores between the experimental group and the control group in terms of the student's Subject Achievement Test (SAT). In addition, gender has a great influence on students' writing performance. The conclusion is that mind mapping technique was more effective than traditional techniques in terms of students' achievements in composition writing. The study has the potential to pave the way for future researchers. Keywords: Mind-mapping technique, composition writing, Grammar Translation Method, Subject Achievement Test, students’ achievemen
Acute Performance Estimation of Students Using Quantile Regression Approach (A Case Study of Lahore)
Full text linkExtreme behavior (Performance) of students is inclined by number of factor which must be painted for important policy implications. This study states that the CGPA is the most important system to deduct student performance. Data on CGPA has been collected from B.A/B.Sc (Hons.) of 32 private and public universities of Lahore. Generally, researchers investigate an average performance of the students with classical methods of simple linear regression. This approach does not give complete picture of different variables influencing student performance from corner to corner. Quantile regression introduces information across the whole distribution of the student’s achievements. Study furnishes that students performance strongly affected by father’s education. Student’s gender, passion for fashion, and mother’s job are significant factors. Class participation is found as a magical variable that has positive impact on student performance at all quantiles. The quantile estimate of student performance shows that effect of the urban-rural difference is significant factor. The study clearly shows for high performance students, factors like mother occupation, father education, gender and area become insignificant at high quantiles. The results highlight that quantile regression model is a useful technique for examine information than ordinary least squares. It also depicts that ordinary least squares underestimated and overestimated the Quantile regression at different quantiles
MENTAL STATE TALK: ASSESSMENT THROUGH WORDLESS PICTURE STORY BOOK READING
Full text linkMental state talk involves words that describe the mental world of individuals. These could be words that are about thoughts, feelings, desires, intentions, and emotions. There has been dearth of research in Pakistan assessing the parents and teachers’ use of mental state talk in conversation with young children, commonly because of lack of assessment tool that are employed to measure the mental state talk in Pakistan. The present study aimed at validation and development of indigenous tool for the assessment of mental state talk of parents/teachers to use with children. Wordless picture story book reading was selected as one the various methods devised for mental state talk assessment; which facilitates interactions between parents/teachers and their children. For validation, Indigenous picture story books were reviewed for its content and modified through opinion of subject matter experts. Content and face validity of the story book were examined and found to be good. The finding concluded that finalized wordless picture story book has rich mental state content and has great potential to stimulate rich discourse on mental state talk. It will bridge the research gap and will promote as a good measurement instrument for research on mental state talk in Pakistan
Emotional Intelligence and Academic Achievement of university students
Full text linkThis research was conducted to explore the emotional intelligence of university students and its relationship with their academic achievement. Through multistage random sampling technique sample of 400 students of undergraduate (BS) final semester was selected including 160 males and 240 females from all the BS students studying in 14 departments out of 7 faculties of university of Sargodha main campus. Bar on Emotional Quotient Inventory (Short form) was adapted as a research instrument validated through expert’s opinions and pilot testing with reliability coefficient Cronbach Alpha values 0.86. Data were analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics. Major conclusions were; majority of BS students had markedly high level emotional intelligence and had excellent, very good and good levels of academic achievement. Female BS students had higher academic achievement than male BS students but emotional intelligence level was equal. There was significant moderately strong and positive relationship between academic achievement and emotional intelligence of BS students. For students having low level in different sub factors of the emotional intelligence it is recommended that university may design sport activities, seminars, and workshops for students to increase emotional stability and ultimately increase in emotional intelligence.
Effect of Examination on Instructional Practices of Elementary School Teachers: A Mixed Methods Study
Full text linkExamination conducted by the Punjab Examination Commission (PEC) at grade VIII is high-stakes as intended and unintended consequences are associated with result of the examination and influence teaching learning process in school. A mixed methods sequential explanatory study was conducted to investigate effects of the examination conducted by the PEC on instructional practices of teachers at elementary level in seven districts of the Punjab. In quantitative phase survey data was collected from 521 elementary school teachers teaching in seven districts of the Punjab selected through multistage random sampling. The quantitative results were used to select participants for qualitative phase of the study through maximum variation strategy of purposive sampling. Quantitative phase identified female teachers perceived more effects of examination on their instructional practices. Moreover, teachers belonged to age group 42-48 experienced most of the effects of examination on their instructional practices as compared to teachers belonged to other age groups. Similarly teachers belonged to district 3 (Okara) experienced more effects of examination on their instructional practices as compared to teachers serving in other districts. The qualitative data indicated that instruction was driven by the examination. Teacher centred instructional strategies were dominant. Paper pattern defined the instruction and tests were extensively practiced in classes. Teachers used strategies for helping students to attempt MCQs. One of the objectives of this examination reform was to improve teaching and learning and in the light of this study it remains rhetoric. The findings of the study have posed several challenges for examination board, curriculum and educational authorities in the Punja
Employing James Gee’s Analytic Lens for Identity to Investigate Teacher Identity Development
Full text linkThe current article is an exploration of the construction and development of teacher identities at the tertiary level in Pakistan. Identity is the sense of who one is as a professional, and it is becoming evident that it is important for teachers at all levels to develop a clear sense of identity as it leads to better practices and high level of commitment to the profession. The researcher adopted a constructivist stance for the investigation of identity and used data triangulation by using life histories, semi-structured interviews (based on the James Gee’s Lens for Identity) and fieldnotes as the sources of data. Six participants from urban tertiary institutions in various cities of Pakistan were selected and interviewed. The gathered data was analyzed iteratively through coding and contrastive analysis and highlighted the similarities and disparities of the various perspectives of identity; it was discovered that the participants had a better awareness and acceptance of their nature identity, whereas the institutional and discursive identities were the ones that posed conflict for them. The researcher also found that affinity identity was the weakest link in the Gee lens for teachers of Pakistan
A Study on Problems and Malpractices Emerge during Examination of Grade 5 and Grade 8 Students in Punjab
Full text linkoai:pje.aiou.edu.pk:article/1497Abstract Examinations are conducted under some certain rules and regulations set by exam governing bodies. According to Arijesuyo and Adeyoju (2012) credibility of examination depends upon fair and systematic conduct under proper conditions (Ray, et al, 2018). This research was designed to explore the problems and malpractices emerge during examination of grade 5 and grade 8 students in Punjab. Purposive sampling technique was used for the selection of experienced participants of the study (Creswell, 2013). Twenty-two ECC heads, who had been conducting examination were interviewed. A semi structured interview protocol was used as an instrument of the study. Thematic analysis was used for the analysis of data (Clarke and Braun, 2018). Results revealed that several problems hamper the performance of deputed staff and credibility of examination. These problems consist of malpractices, lack of resources and shortage and misprinting of papers. Moreover, improper training, less remuneration, combine and overcrowded exam centres etc. also created problems for ECC heads. It was also explored that activities of schools suffered due to engagement of teaching staff for exams
Demographic Variables and Emotional Labor of Public Sector School Leaders
Full text linkEmotional Labor theory of Hochschild, 1983 and Grandey, (2002, 2015 & 2017) provided as basis of current research that gives the regulation of emotions at workplace categorized the main two dimensions of EL as Surface Acting (SA) and Deep Acting level of the school leaders. Self developed Emotional Labor Measurement Scale for School Leaders (ELMS-SL) was used to measure the EL level of the public sector school leaders. Multi stage sampling technique was used to select the sample of 376 (male=194, 52% and females=182, 48%) school leaders working in public sector secondary schools of 19 district of Punjab province. The core objective of the research was to measure the EL level and contribution of demographic variables (gender, mode of job induction, marital status and work experience) towards the emotional regulation status through suppression of emotions and modification of feeling. To measure the EL level of public sector school leaders, data were analyzed by using descriptive statistics, as well as t-tests, and ANOVA tests. The results revealed that public sector school leaders are practicing emotional labor. EL practices between male and female were significant difference, whereas mode of induction, marital status and job experience were found non-significant differences on EL.Key words: Emotional Labor, Surface Acting, Deep Acting, School Leaders, Demographic variable
Predictive Value of Academic Anxiety for Academic Achievement of University Students
Full text linkAbstractAcademic anxiety is a well-known concept. Usually when students transit from on institution to another, they have both positive and negative feelings. The uncertainty of a new academic environment may provoke anxious feelings. These feelings may affect student’s academic achievement. This research paper intended to investigate whether or not academic anxiety and academic achievement of university students are related. Also, the predictability of academic anxiety for academic achievement was intended to be measured. A survey was conducted on 150 students who were enrolled in the first semester of Pre-service teacher training programs in the Institute of Education, University of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. Data was collected through Academic Anxiety Questionnaire. It was found that academic anxiety significantly correlates with academic achievement of the students and the correlation is negative. Students having low scores on academic anxiety showed better results than the students with high scores on academic anxiety. It was also found that academic anxiety significantly predicts academic achievement and its behavioural and physiological components accounted for significant variance. Key words: Academic Anxiety, Behavioural Component, Cognitive Component, Physiological Component, Emotional Component, Academic Achievement
Effect of Inclusive Leadership on Teachers’ Involvement in Creative Tasks: The Mediating Role of Psychological Safety
Full text linkThis study focuses on the link between inclusive leadership and teachers’ involvement in creative tasks with mediating role of psychological safety. The particular contexts of the study are service based organizations, i.e. public and private high schools. Data were collected from 290 teachers performing their duties across urban & rural area schools of Sargodha, Punjab. The data collection tool is the quantitative questionnaire. The study was quantitative in nature that made use of descriptive as well as inferential statistics to analyze the data. The data had been collected through convenience sampling on the basis of availability of the research participants. For data collection, cross sectional method was used. The results of SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) analysis indicated that inclusive leadership is positively related to teachers’ creativity at their workplace. Moreover, analysis also indicated that inclusive leadership is associated with psychological safety, which, in turn, stimulates teachers’ participation in creative tasks. That association showed indirect effect. It was analyzed that a strong and statistically significant effect of inclusive behavior of head teacher on teachers’ creativity became insignificant when teachers psychological safety as a mediator was inserted into the module. The study recommended that our school leaders need to practice inclusive leadership for enhancing creativity in teachers. Also steps should be taken by higher schools administration to train school heads on inclusive leadership