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Analisis evidence-based faktor non-adherence pasien tbc dalam konsumsi oat: Literature review
Full text linkBackground: Indonesia ranks second in the world in the number of tuberculosis (TB) cases, which continues to be a pressing health problem worldwide. Although OAT treatment regimens are accessible, their success depends on patient adherence during long-term therapy. Non-adherence, or non-compliance, is a complex behavioral phenomenon that leads to treatment failure, multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB), and increased mortality.
Purpose: To examine factors influencing non-adherence in TB patients.
Method: The study was conducted by conducting a literature review using a comprehensive search of PubMed and Google Scholar databases for articles published between 2020 and 2025. A total of 361 articles were found, and 16 relevant articles that met the inclusion criteria were selected for analysis.
Results: The study showed that a multidimensional interaction of six main factors influences non-adherence: patient factors, therapy factors, disease factors, social factors, economic factors, and healthcare factors.
Conclusion: Non-adherence in tuberculosis patients is caused by a combination of internal and external challenges, requiring a broad intervention approach that includes improving education, psychosocial support, and healthcare systems.
Keywords: Non-Adherence; Tuberculosis; Treatment.
Pendahuluan: Indonesia menempati peringkat kedua di dunia dalam jumlah kasus tuberkulosis (TB), yang terus menjadi masalah kesehatan yang mendesak di seluruh dunia. Meskipun rejimen pengobatan OAT dapat diakses, keberhasilannya bergantung pada kepatuhan pasien selama terapi jangka panjang. Ketidakpatuhan, atau ketidakpatuhan, adalah fenomena perilaku yang kompleks yang menyebabkan kegagalan pengobatan, resistensi obat (MDR-TB), dan peningkatan mortalitas.
Tujuan: Untuk melihat faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi ketidakpatuhan pasien TB.
Metode: Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan review literatur dengan melakukan pencarian menyeluruh pada database PubMed dan Google Scholar untuk artikel terbitan dari tahun 2020-2025. Sebanyak 361 artikel yang ditemukan, 16 yang relevan dan memenuhi kriteria inklusi dipilih untuk dianalisis.
Hasil: Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa interaksi multidimensional dari enam faktor utama yang mempengaruhi ketidakpatuhan yaitu faktor pasien, faktor terapi, faktor penyakit, faktor sosial, faktor ekonomi, dan faktor layanan kesehatan.
Simpulan: Ketidakpatuhan pasien tuberkulosis disebabkan oleh kombinasi tantangan internal dan eksternal sehingga diperlukan pendekatan intervensi yang luas yang mencakup peningkatan pendidikan, dukungan psikososial, dan sistem layanan kesehatan.
Kata Kunci: Non-Adherence; Tuberculosis; Treatment
Pengukuran kebugaran jasmani yang mudah dan reliable untuk remaja putri; Literature review
Full text linkBackground: Routine assessment of physical fitness in adolescent girls plays a crucial role in health promotion and disease prevention. However, the implementation of conventional fitness testing protocols is often limited by complex procedures, extensive equipment requirements, and low psychological acceptance among adolescent girls.
Purpose: To develop and recommend an easy, practical, and reliable physical fitness measurement protocol suitable for adolescent girls.
Results: The findings indicate that selected field-based fitness tests demonstrate satisfactory validity and reliability while requiring minimal equipment and shorter implementation time. The 2-Minute Step Test and the 3-Minute Run/Walk Test are effective for assessing cardiorespiratory endurance, modified push-ups and the plank test are appropriate for measuring muscular strength and endurance, and the Waist-to-Height Ratio (WHtR) provides a simple yet accurate indicator of body composition.
Conclusion: A combined protocol consisting of the 2-Minute Step Test, modified push-ups, plank test, and WHtR measurement can be utilized as an easy, reliable, and adolescent-friendly fitness assessment method in school and community settings.
Keywords: Physical Fitness; Measurement; Reliability
Pendahuluan: Kebugaran jasmani merupakan indikator penting dalam menjaga kesehatan fisik dan mental remaja putri. Pemantauan kebugaran secara rutin berkontribusi terhadap pencegahan penyakit tidak menular serta peningkatan kualitas hidup di masa depan. Namun, penerapan pengukuran kebugaran jasmani di lingkungan sekolah dan komunitas sering menghadapi kendala berupa keterbatasan sarana, waktu, serta rendahnya penerimaan psikologis terhadap tes konvensional yang kompleks dan melelahkan.
Tujuan: Untuk mengembangkan dan merekomendasikan protokol pengukuran kebugaran jasmani yang mudah diterapkan, praktis, dan terpercaya bagi remaja putri.
Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan systematic literature review dengan menelusuri artikel ilmiah pada basis data PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar. Artikel yang dianalisis merupakan publikasi sepuluh tahun terakhir yang membahas kemudahan, validitas, dan reliabilitas tes kebugaran jasmani pada populasi remaja putri.
Hasil: Beberapa tes lapangan alternatif memiliki tingkat validitas dan reliabilitas yang baik serta lebih mudah diimplementasikan dibandingkan tes konvensional. Protokol pengukuran yang direkomendasikan hanya memerlukan peralatan sederhana seperti stopwatch, matras, dan pita ukur, sehingga dapat diterapkan secara luas di lingkungan sekolah.
Simpulan: Protokol pengukuran kebugaran jasmani yang dikembangkan memenuhi kriteria kemudahan dan keterpercayaan, serta berpotensi meningkatkan partisipasi remaja putri dalam asesmen kebugaran jasmani secara rutin.
Kata Kunci: Kebugaran Jasmani; Pengukuran; Protokol Mudah; Remaja Putri; Tes Lapangan
Korelasi caring tenaga medis dan perawat dengan kepuasan pelayanan keperawatan pada pasien rawat inap
Full text linkBackground: Patient satisfaction is a key indicator of healthcare quality, particularly in nursing care. Nurses and medical staff interact most frequently with patients. Inadequate responsiveness, ineffective communication, and limited emotional support remain common causes of dissatisfaction among inpatients. Caring behaviors, based on Watson and Swanson's Caring Theory, are considered fundamental to fostering a therapeutic relationship and improving patient perceptions of service quality. However, in the context of inpatient care at Brayat Minulya Hospital in Surakarta, the implementation of caring behaviors remains challenging, particularly in terms of responsiveness and therapeutic communication. Empirical studies that simultaneously compare the contribution of caring behaviors of nurses and medical staff to satisfaction with nursing services in local hospitals are limited.
Purpose: To analyze the correlation between caring behaviors of medical personnel and nurses and satisfaction with nursing services in inpatients.
Method: This non-experimental quantitative study, using a correlational design and a cross-sectional approach, was conducted in the inpatient ward of Brayat Minulya Hospital, Surakarta, during May–June 2025. A total of 160 inpatients who met the inclusion criteria (aged ≥18 years and receiving care for ≥2 x 24 hours) were recruited using a random sampling technique. Care behavior was measured using a care questionnaire adapted from Pardede based on Swanson's care dimensions, while nursing service satisfaction was assessed using a SERVQUAL-based questionnaire. Data were analyzed using the Spearman correlation test.
Results: Nurses' caring behavior showed a positive and significant correlation with nursing service satisfaction (r = 0.440; p < 0.001) in the moderate category. Medical staff's caring behavior also had a positive and significant correlation with nursing service satisfaction (r = 0.198; p = 0.012), indicating a weak relationship. Nurses' caring behavior showed a more dominant relationship with patient satisfaction.
Conclusion: Caring behaviors, both from nurses and medical staff, are significantly associated with satisfaction with nursing services in hospitalized patients. These behaviors play a more substantial role in shaping patient satisfaction. Strengthening caring practices through ongoing training and organizational support is essential to improving the quality of nursing services and patient-centered care in hospital settings.
Suggestion: Further research is recommended to use longitudinal or experimental designs to test the causal relationship between caring behavior and nursing service satisfaction and include organizational variables as controlling factors.
Keywords: Caring Behavior; Inpatient Care; Nursing Services; Patient Satisfaction.
Pendahuluan: Kepuasan pasien merupakan indikator utama kualitas layanan kesehatan, khususnya dalam pelayanan keperawatan. Dalam hal ini perawat dan staf medis memiliki interaksi paling sering dengan pasien. Ketanggapan yang tidak memadai, komunikasi yang tidak efektif, dan dukungan emosional yang terbatas tetap menjadi penyebab umum ketidakpuasan di antara pasien rawat inap. Perilaku caring (peduli) yang didasarkan pada Teori Caring Watson dan Swanson, dianggap sebagai hal mendasar dalam membina hubungan terapeutik dan meningkatkan persepsi pasien terhadap kualitas layanan. Namun, dalam konteks pelayanan rawat inap di RS Brayat Minulya Surakarta, implementasi perilaku caring masih menghadapi tantangan, khususnya pada aspek responsivitas dan komunikasi terapeutik, serta kajian empiris yang secara simultan membandingkan kontribusi perilaku caring perawat dan staf medis terhadap kepuasan layanan keperawatan di rumah sakit lokal masih terbatas.
Tujuan: Untuk menganalisis korelasi antara perilaku caring tenaga medis dan perawat dengan kepuasan pelayanan keperawatan pada pasien rawat inap.
Metode: Studi kuantitatif non-eksperimental dengan desain korelasional dan pendekatan cross-sectional yang dilakukan di ruang rawat inap RS Brayat Minulya Surakarta pada periode Mei–Juni 2025. Sebanyak 160 pasien rawat inap yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi (usia ≥18 tahun dan menjalani perawatan ≥2×24 jam) direkrut menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Perilaku caring diukur menggunakan kuesioner kepedulian yang diadaptasi dari Pardede berdasarkan dimensi kepedulian Swanson, sedangkan kepuasan layanan keperawatan dinilai menggunakan kuesioner berbasis SERVQUAL. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji korelasi Spearman.
Hasil: Perilaku caring perawat menunjukkan korelasi positif dan signifikan dengan kepuasan layanan keperawatan (r = 0.440; p < 0.001) kategori sedang. Perilaku caring staf medis juga berkorelasi positif dan signifikan dengan kepuasan layanan keperawatan (r = 0.198; p = 0.012), yang menunjukkan hubungan lemah. Perilaku caring perawat menunjukkan hubungan yang lebih dominan terhadap kepuasan pasien.
Simpulan: Perilaku caring, baik dari perawat maupun staf medis berhubungan secara signifikan dengan kepuasan layanan keperawatan pada pasien rawat inap. Perilaku ini memainkan peran yang lebih substansial dalam membentuk kepuasan pasien. Penguatan praktik caring melalui pelatihan berkelanjutan dan dukungan organisasional sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kualitas layanan keperawatan dan asuhan yang berpusat pada pasien di lingkungan rumah sakit.
Saran: Penelitian selanjutnya disarankan menggunakan desain longitudinal atau eksperimental untuk menguji hubungan kausal antara perilaku caring dan kepuasan pelayanan keperawatan serta memasukkan variabel organisasi sebagai faktor pengendali.
Kata Kunci: Kepuasan Pasien; Layanan Keperawatan; Perilaku Caring; Rawat Inap
Promosi kesehatan dengan skrining perfusi jaringan perifer pada lansia
Full text linkBackground: Health screening for the elderly is crucial for early detection of chronic diseases (such as hypertension, diabetes, and heart disease) before symptoms become severe, preventing complications, monitoring medication effectiveness, assessing independence (physical and mental function), and providing healthy lifestyle counseling, thus maintaining quality of life, independence, and productivity in old age. Early detection can lead to earlier intervention, significantly increasing the chances of successful treatment.
Purpose: To identify and assess peripheral tissue perfusion in the elderly.
Method: This community service program was conducted in August 2025 at the Mandalika NTB Social Center for the Elderly (BSLU). Forty-five elderly residents of the BSLU Mandalika NTB participated. This activity identified the condition of the elderly through measurement and observation of the ankle-brachial pressure index (ABPI). The screening activities used equipment recommended in the Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) and other instruments, including participant characteristic questionnaires, observation sheets, standard operating procedures (SOPs), and ABPI measurements.
Results: Obtained data that the average age of participants was 72.89 years with SD = ± 11.15 years in the age range of 58-115 years. The majority of participants were female, namely 28 people (62.2%), had no history of hypertension, namely 32 people (71.1%), had normal cholesterol levels, namely 40 people (88.9%). The majority of participants also had a history of not smoking, namely 41 people (91.1%), had no history of diabetes, namely 39 people (86.7%) and most also had no history of other diseases, namely 26 people (57.8%). Most of the elderly at BSLU Mandalika NTB had non-pale skin color, namely 40 people (88.9%), had SPO2 values ≥ 96, namely 44 people (97.8%). Most participants had a CRT status of ≤2 seconds, namely 39 people (86.7%), with a peripheral pulse of 60-100 x per minute as many as 44 people (97.8%), non-pitting edema as many as 36 people (80.0%), warm acral as many as 40 people (88.9%), and most participants did not have claudication symptoms as many as 28 people (62.2%). Meanwhile, in the examination of the right ankle brachial pressure index, there were 4 people (8.9%) who were included in the category of having peripheral artery disease if assessed theoretically, while in the left ankle brachial pressure index there were 3 people (6.7%) participants who had peripheral artery disease.
Conclusion: Peripheral tissue perfusion testing provides information about increased peripheral perfusion, indicating increased distal blood flow to support tissue function. Increased peripheral perfusion also increases peripheral pulse strength, decreases skin pallor, improves capillary function, and improves skin turgor.
Suggestion: It is recommended that peripheral pulse examination, accompanied by the use of a vascular Doppler to measure the ankle-brachial pressure index, is essential to confirm the diagnosis of peripheral arterial disease in the elderly.
Keywords: Elderly; Health screening; Promotional activities; Peripheral tissue perfusion
Pendahuluan: Skrining kesehatan lansia sangat penting untuk deteksi dini penyakit kronis (seperti hipertensi, diabetes, jantung) sebelum gejalanya parah, mencegah komplikasi, memantau efektivitas obat, menilai kemandirian (fungsi fisik & mental), dan memberikan konseling gaya hidup sehat, sehingga menjaga kualitas hidup, kemandirian, dan produktivitas di usia senja. Dengan deteksi dini dapat mengarah pada intervensi lebih awal, yang secara signifikan meningkatkan peluang keberhasilan pengobatan.
Tujuan: Melakukan identifikasi dan pemeriksan perfusi jaringan perifer pada lansia.
Metode: Pengabdian masyarakat ini dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus 2025 di Balai Sosial Lanjut Usia (BSLU) Mandalika NTB. Melibatkan 45 lansia yang tinggal di BSLU Mandalika NTB untuk menjadi partisipan. Kegiatan ini dilakukan dengan mengidentifikasi suatu kondisi keadaan penyakit lansia melalui pengukuran dan observasi terhadap nilai ankle brachial pressure index (ABPI). Pelaksanaan kegiatan skrining menggunakan peralatan yang direkomendasikan dalam SOP dan juga menggunakan instrumen kelengkapan lainnya berupa kuesioner karakteristik partisipan, lembar observasi, standar operasional prosedur (SOP) dan pengukuran ABPI.
Hasil: mendapatkan data bahwa rerata usia partisipan adalah 72.89 tahun dengan SD=±11.15 tahun dalam rentang usia 58-115 tahun. Mayoritas partisipan berjenis kelamin perempuan yaitu 28 orang (62.2%), tidak memiliki riwayat hipertensi yaitu sebanyak 32 orang (71.1%), memiliki kadar kolesterol normal yaitu sebanyak 40 orang (88.9%). Mayoritas partisipan juga memiliki riwayat tidak merokok sebanyak 41 orang (91.1%), tidak memiliki riwayat diabetes yaitu 39 orang (86.7%) dan sebagian besar juga tidak memiliki riwayat penyakit lainnya sebanyak 26 orang (57.8%). Sebagian besar lansia di BSLU Mandalika NTB bewarna kulit tidak pucat yaitu 40 orang (88.9%), memiliki nilai SPO2≥96 yaitu sebanyak 44 orang (97.8%). Sebagian besar partisipan memiliki status CRT≤2 detik yaitu sebanyak 39 orang (86.7%), dengan nadi perifer 60-100 x per menit sebanyak 44 orang (97.8%), non pitting edema sebanyak 36 orang (80.0%), akral hangat sebanyak 40 orang (88.9%), dan sebagian besar partisipan tidak memiliki gejala klaudikasio sebanyak 28 orang (62.2%). Sedangkan pada pemeriksaan ankle brachial presur index kanan terdapat 4 orang (8.9%) yang termasuk katagori memiliki penyakit arteri perifer jika dinilai secara teori, sedangkan pada ankle brachial presur index kiri terdapat 3 orang (6.7%) partisipan yaitu penyakit arteri perifer.
Simpulan: Pemeriksaan perfusi pada jaringan perifer memberikan informasi jika terdapat peningkatan perfusi perifer berarti menunjukkan adanya peningkatan aliran darah pembuluh distal dalam menunjang fungsi jaringan. Peningkatan perfusi perifer juga memberikan peningkatan kekuatan nadi perifer, menurunnya warna pucat pada kulit, kondisi kapiler membaik, serta memperbaiki kondisi tugor pada kulit.
Saran: Diharapkan, pemeriksaan nadi perifer yang disertai dengan penggunaan dopler vascular untuk pemerikasaan ankle brachial pressure index sangat perlu dilakukan untuk memastikan diagnosa adanya penyakit arteri perifer pada lansia
Factors related to smoking behaviour among adolescent girls
Full text linkBackground: Smoking behaviour among adolescent girls is a growing public health concern, influenced by peers, parental guidance, and social environment. These factors play a critical role in shaping norms and smoking habits.
Purpose: To determine the factors related to smoking behavior among adolescent girls.
Methods: A cross-sectional design was used with a total population of 76 female adolescents. Data were collected using a structured online questionnaire via Google Forms, measuring smoking behaviour and the influence of peers, parents, and social environment. Univariable analysis described respondent characteristics, while bivariate analysis using the Chi-square test examined the association between variables, with a significance level of p < 0.05.
Results: The study found that 53.9% of respondents were active smokers. Bivariate analysis indicated that peer influence (p = 0.031) and social environment (p = 0.009) were significantly associated with smoking behaviour, whereas parental influence was not statistically significant (p = 0.131). Adolescents with influential peers and a permissive social environment were more likely to smoke.
Conclusion: Smoking behaviour among female adolescents is significantly influenced by peers and social environment, while parental influence shows no significant association in this age group. Preventive interventions should focus on strengthening positive social influences and controlling environmental factors to reduce the risk of smoking among adolescent girls.
Keywords: Adolescent Girls; Parental Influence; Peer Influence; Smoking Behaviour; Social Environment
The relationship between physical activity and the incidence of dysmenorrhea among female adolescents
Full text linkBackground: Dysmenorrhea is one of the most common reproductive health disorders experienced by female adolescents, with a global prevalence reaching 60 - 90%. In Indonesia, more than 100,000 cases have been reported.
Purpose: To determine the relationship between physical activity and the incidence of dysmenorrhea among female adolescents.
Method: This study employed a quantitative method with a cross-sectional design. The population consisted of all female students who experienced dysmenorrhea at SMK PGRI Palas, with a sample of 50 respondents. Data were collected using a questionnaire. Data analysis was conducted through univariate and bivariate analyses using Fisher’s Exact test to determine the relationship between variables.
Results: The results showed that the majority of respondents had moderate physical activity (76%), and 60% experienced dysmenorrhea. Fisher’s Exact test indicated a significant relationship between physical activity and the incidence of dysmenorrhea (p = 0.005).
Conclusion: The results of the study showed that physical activity was significantly associated with the incidence of dysmenorrhea among female adolescents
Korelasi interaksi teman sebaya dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja laki-laki
Full text linkBackground: Adolescence is a transitional period marked by physical, emotional, and social changes that can influence an individual's behavioral development. One behavior that emerges during this stage is smoking, which is generally influenced by social dynamics. In Cambahan Hamlet, Nogotirto, Gamping District, smoking habits among adolescents are relatively high, with adolescents starting to smoke due to peer pressure or group norms. This pattern suggests that peer interactions play a significant role in shaping risky behavior and can contribute to the emergence of unhealthy habits.
Purpose: To determine the correlation between peer interactions and smoking behavior in adolescent boys.
Method: Quantitative research with a descriptive correlation design using a cross-sectional approach. The study population was adolescents in Cambahan Hamlet. The sample was taken using the Total Sampling Technique, resulting in a sample size of 40 individuals. Data were collected using the Smoking Behavior and Peer Interaction Questionnaire to determine respondents' smoking behavior and peer interactions. Data analysis used the non-parametric Kendall-Tau test.
Results: Statistical tests using the Kendall-Tau test showed a p-value <0.05 and a correlation coefficient of r = 0.466 for the test of smoking behavior and peer interactions.
Conclusion: There is a significant correlation between peer interactions and smoking behavior in male adolescents.
Keywords: Adolescents; Peer Interaction; Smoking Behavior.
Pendahuluan: Masa remaja merupakan periode transisi yang ditandai dengan perubahan fisik, emosional, dan sosial yang dapat mempengaruhi perkembangan perilaku individu. Salah satu perilaku yang muncul pada tahap ini adalah merokok, yang umumnya dipengaruhi oleh dinamika pergaulan, di Pedukuhan Cambahan, Nogotirto, Kecamatan Gamping, kebiasaan merokok pada remaja tergolong tinggi, dimana remaja mulai merokok dikarenakan ajakan teman sebaya atau norma kelompok. Pola ini menunjukkan bahwa interaksi teman sebaya berperan penting dalam membentuk perilaku berisiko dan dapat berkontribusi munculnya kebiasaan yang tidak sehat.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui korelasi antara interaksi teman sebaya dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja laki-laki.
Metode: Penelitian Kuantitatif dengan desain Deskriptif korelasi menggunakan pendekatan Cross Sectional, Populasi penelitian merupakan Remaja di Padukuhan Cambahan, sampel diambil dengan Teknik Total Sampling sehingga jumlah sampelnya sebanyak 40 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan menggunakan kuesioner Perilaku Merokok dan Interaksi Teman Sebaya untuk mengetahui perilaku merokok dan interaksi teman sebaya responden. Uji analisis data menggunakan uji non-parametrik Kendall - Tau.
Hasil: Uji statistik menggunakan uji Kendall -Tau menunjukkan p-value <0.05 dan nilai koefisien korelasi r = 0.466 untuk uji perilaku merokok dengan interaksi teman sebaya.
Simpulan: Ada Korelasi yang signifikan antara interaksi teman sebaya dengan perilaku merokok pada remaja laki – laki.
Kata Kunci : Interaksi Teman Sebaya; Perilaku Merokok; Remaja.
Evaluasi pelaksanaan pemantauan early warning score di tatanan perawatan medikal bedah
Full text linkBackground: Deterioration in the condition of hospitalized patients is common and can have a more serious prognosis. Therefore, accurate and continuous monitoring of vital signs is crucial. The Early Warning Score (EWS) was developed as an effort to detect deterioration in patient condition early. Comprehensive and continuous EWS parameters, supported by clear implementation standards, are expected to save patients from deteriorating conditions. However, in medical-surgical care practices in Indonesia, the implementation of EWS monitoring still faces various obstacles that have the potential to delay early detection of patient deterioration, thus impacting patient safety. Therefore, an evaluation is needed.
Purpose: To evaluate the implementation of Early Warning Score (EWS) monitoring in medical-surgical care settings.
Method: This is a mixed-methods study with an exploratory sequential design. The sample consisted of 130 medical records and eight nurses who met the inclusion criteria. The medical record data obtained were analyzed using univariate analysis, while interview results were analyzed using content analysis.
Results: The completeness of the EWS form remained at 44%, the accuracy of monitoring frequency was 12%, and the accuracy of the total score calculation was 3.8%. Several parameters contributing to the low level of form completeness include: blood sugar, which yielded a relatively low score (65%), followed by monitoring date (75%), level of consciousness (84%), monitoring frequency (86%), escalation scale (88%), initials (88%), blood pressure (89%), total score (89%), and suboptimal temperature (90%). These results align with the interview results, which yielded four themes: monitoring compliance, documentation compliance, appropriateness of temperature parameters, and non-specific EWS forms.
Conclusion: Implementation of EWS monitoring in medical-surgical care settings still faces challenges that impact the effectiveness of the early warning system for patient deterioration. The study findings indicate a potential need for updating and/or developing the EWS system to meet hospital needs.
Keywords: Documentation; Early Warning System; Medical Surgical Nursing; Monitoring.
Pendahuluan: Penurunan kondisi pasien di rawat inap sering terjadi, bahkan memiliki proknosis yang lebih serius. Oleh sebab itu, pemantauan tanda-tanda vital yang akurat dan berkesinambungan sangat diperlukan. Early Warning Score (EWS) dikembangkan sebagai upaya untuk mendeteksi perburukan kondisi pasien sejak dini. Parameter EWS yang lengkap dan berkesinambungan yang didukung dengan standar implementasi yang jelas, diharapkan mampu menyelamatkan pasian dari kondisi yang lebih buruk. Namun, dalam praktik perawatan medikel bedah di Indonesia, pelaksanaan pemantauan EWS masih menghadapi berbagai kendala yang berpotensi menunda deteksi dini perburukan kondisi pasien yang berdampak pada keselamatan pasien. Oleh karena itu, evaluasi diperlukan.
Tujuan: Untuk mengevaluasi pelaksanaan pemantauan Early Warning Score (EWS) dalam tatanan perawatan medikal bedah.
Metode: Penelitian mixed-method dengan explanatory sequential design. 130 rekam medis dan 8 perawat yang sesuai kriteria inklusi diambil sebagai sampel. Data rekam medis yang diperoleh diolah secara univariat, sedangkan hasil wawancara diolah berdasar metode content analysis.
Hasil: Kelengkapan pengisian formulir EWS masih mencapai 44%, ketepatan frekuensi monitoring 12%, dan ketepatan perhitungan total skor 3.8%. Beberapa parameter yang menyebabkan rendahnya tingkat kelengkapan pengisian formulir antara lain: parameter gula yang memberikan angka cukup rendah (65%), diikuti oleh tanggal pengjakian (75%), tingkat kesadaran (84%), frekuensi monitor (86%), skala eskalasi (88%), inisial (88%), tekanan darah (89%), total skor (89%), serta parameter suhu yang belum optimal (90%). Hasil ini sejalan dengan hasil wawancara yang menghasilkan 4 tema, yaitu kepatuhan pemantauan, kepatuhan dokumentasi, kesesuaian parameter suhu, dan formulir EWS yang tidak spesifik.
Simpulan: Implementasi pemantauan EWS di tatanan praktik perawatan medikal bedah masih menghadapi tantangan yang memengaruhi efektivitas sistem peringatan dini perburukan pasien. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan adanya potensi kebutuhan pembaharuan dan atau pengembangan sistem EWS sesaui kebutuhan rumah sakit.
Kata Kunci: Dokumentasi; Early Warning Score; Medikal Bedah; Pemantauan; Perawatan
Aspek gender dalam pola asupan gizi ibu hamil dan menyusui
Full text linkBackground: Pregnancy and breastfeeding are among the most critical phases in a woman’s life cycle, during which nutritional needs increase significantly to support maternal health, fetal growth, and child development. One cultural factor contributing to nutritional problems among pregnant and breastfeeding women is gender inequality within households and society.
Purpose: To explore gender-related aspects in the dietary patterns of pregnant and breastfeeding women.
Method: This qualitative study employed a phenomenological design through in-depth interviews with eight informants, consisting of pregnant and breastfeeding women. Data analysis was conducted thematically to identify research themes.
Results: Three main themes emerged from the study, namely changes in dietary patterns during pregnancy and breastfeeding, the role of gender in household food decision-making, and the impact of eating patterns on maternal and infant health.
Conclusion: Gender inequality within the household has the potential to hinder optimal nutrition fulfillment for pregnant and breastfeeding women. Nutritional interventions should involve husbands and extended family members to ensure comprehensive support for maternal health.
Keywords: Breastfeeding; Diet; Gender; Nutrition; Pregnant Women.
Pendahuluan: Kehamilan dan menyusui merupakan suatu fase paling kritis pada siklus kehidupan seorang perempuan, sehingga kebutuhan terkait dengan gizi meningkat secara signifikan untuk menunjang kesehatan ibu, pertumbuhan janin, dan anak. Faktor budaya yang berkontribusi terhadap masalah gizi pada ibu hamil dan mneyusui salah satunya adalah adanya ketidaksetaraan gender dalam rumah tangga dan masyarakat.
Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui aspek gender dalam pola asupan gizi ibu hamil dan menyusui.
Metode: Penelitian kualitatif dengan desain fenomenologi melalui wawancara mendalam terhadap 8 informan, yang terdiri atas ibu hamil dan ibu menyusui. Analisis data yang dilakukan yaitu secara tematik untuk mengidentifikasi tema-tema hasil penelitian.
Hasil: Tiga tema temuan utama dalam penelitian ini, yaitu perubahan pola asupan gizi selama kehamilan dan menyusui, kaitan gender dalam penentuan makan rumah tangga, serta dampak pola makan terhadap kesehatan ibu dan bayi.
Simpulan: Ketidaksetaraan gender dalam rumah tangga berpotensi menghambat pemenuhan gizi optimal bagi ibu hamil dan menyusui. Intervensi gizi perlu melibatkan suami dan keluarga besar untuk memastikan dukungan menyeluruh terhadap kesehatan ibu.
Kata Kunci: Gender; Gizi; Ibu Hamil; Menyusui; Pola Makan
Edukasi tentang anemia pada ibu hamil dengan media leaflet dan poster
Full text linkBackground: Anemia in pregnant women remains a serious public health problem in Indonesia and contributes to the increased risk of pregnancy complications and maternal and infant mortality. Poor knowledge of anemia among pregnant women is a major contributing factor to this condition. Health education using simple media such as leaflets and posters is considered to have the potential to improve understanding and prevent anemia.
Purpose: To increase knowledge, attitudes, and behavior of pregnant women about anemia using leaflets and posters as a means of preventing pregnancy complications.
Method: A community service activity was conducted in December 2025 in the Labuhan Badas Community Health Center (Puskesmas) working area, targeting 26 pregnant women. The intervention consisted of providing health education through direct counseling using leaflets and posters, accompanied by discussion and question-and-answer sessions. Evaluation was conducted using a questionnaire to compare knowledge levels before (pre-test) and after education (post-test), as well as assessing pregnant women's attitudes and behaviors in response to anemia prevention measures.
Results: A significant increase in the level of knowledge of pregnant women after education, with the level of knowledge in the good category increasing from 19.2% to 69.2%. The majority of pregnant women, 20 (76.9%), demonstrated good attitudes and behaviors regarding anemia prevention after the education activity.
Conclusion: Anemia education activities for pregnant women using leaflets and posters have proven effective in increasing knowledge and fostering positive attitudes and behaviors related to anemia prevention. Increased understanding of the causes, effects, and prevention of anemia among pregnant women contributed to increased awareness of taking iron supplements, adopting a balanced nutritional diet, and utilizing antenatal care services regularly.
Suggestion: Similar education needs to be conducted continuously and integrated into antenatal care services.
Keywords: Anemia; Health education; Leaflets and posters; Pregnant women
Pendahuluan: Anemia pada ibu hamil masih menjadi masalah kesehatan masyarakat yang serius di Indonesia dan berkontribusi terhadap meningkatnya risiko komplikasi kehamilan serta kematian ibu dan bayi. Rendahnya pengetahuan ibu hamil mengenai anemia menjadi salah satu faktor utama terjadinya kondisi tersebut. Edukasi kesehatan menggunakan media sederhana seperti leaflet dan poster dinilai berpotensi meningkatkan pemahaman dan perilaku pencegahan anemia.
Tujuan: Untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan tentang anemia, sikap, dan perilaku ibu hamil dengan menggunakan media leaflet dan poster sebagai upaya pencegahan komplikasi kehamilan.
Metode: Kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilaksanakan pada bulan Desember 2025 di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Labuhan Badas dengan sasaran 26 ibu hamil. Intervensi yang dilakukan adalah berupa memberikan pendidikan kesehatan melalui penyuluhan langsung menggunakan media leaflet dan poster, disertai sesi diskusi dan tanya-jawab. Evaluasi dilakukan dengan menggunakan kuesioner untuk membandingkan tingkat pengetahuan sebelum (pre-test) dan sesudah edukasi (post-test), serta penilaian sikap dan perilaku ibu hamil dalam merespon tindakan pencegahan anemia.
Hasil: Menunjukkan peningkatan signifikan pada tingkat pengetahuan ibu hamil setelah edukasi, dengan kategori pengetahuan baik meningkat dari 19.2% menjadi 69.2%. Sebagian besar ibu hamil yaitu sebanyak 20 orang (76.9%) menunjukkan sikap dan perilaku dalam kategori baik dalam pencegahan anemia setelah kegiatan edukasi.
Simpulan: Kegiatan edukasi anemia pada ibu hamil menggunakan media leaflet dan poster terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pengetahuan serta membentuk sikap dan perilaku positif terkait pencegahan anemia. Peningkatan pemahaman ibu hamil mengenai penyebab, dampak, dan cara pencegahan anemia berkontribusi terhadap meningkatnya kesadaran untuk mengonsumsi tablet tambah darah, menerapkan pola makan bergizi seimbang, serta memanfaatkan pelayanan antenatal secara rutin.
Saran: Edukasi serupa perlu dilakukan secara berkelanjutan dan terintegrasi dalam pelayanan antenatal care