Scientific Publications of the University of Toulouse II Le Mirail
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Connecter des territoires montagnards transfrontaliers en temps de guerre. Le cas du transport dans l’Est des Pyrénées au XVIIe siècle
No full textInternational audienc
Hagiographie, idéologies cléricales et pratiques sociales au Moyen Âge
No full textInternational audienceProgramme de l’année 2023-2024 : Dossiers hagiographiques de l’espace gascon (Ve-XIe siècle
Communicating Agent-Based Models to Stakeholders: A Scoping Review
No full textInternational audienceAgent-based models (ABMs) are widely used in fields such as ecology, natural resource management, and policy planning to simulate complex systems. However, their adoption by stakeholders remains limited, primarily due to challenges in effectively communicating these models. Communicating ABMs to stakeholders involves the methods and tools used to convey a model’s structure, function, and results to facilitate understanding, trust, and application. This scoping review examines 65 articles from major databases, identifying key barriers and gaps in ABM communication. Three major issues emerge: (1) limited efforts to support the use of existing ABMs; (2) insufficient emphasis on explaining the emergence in ABMs; and (3) the absence of standardized methods to evaluate the effectiveness of communication strategies. By mapping current communication strategies and categorizing them based on levels of stakeholder participation—ranging from nominal to transformative—this review highlights the need for clearer, more transparent methods of conveying ABM complexity and emergent properties. It also emphasizes the importance of systematic evaluations of communication approaches to ensure that stakeholders fully understand and can apply these models. This paper contributes to the field by offering actionable recommendations to improve transparency, stakeholder engagement, and the reuse of ABMs, with the aim of fostering broader adoption and more effective application of these models across various domains
A distance for mixed-variable and hierarchical domains with meta variables
No full textInternational audienceHeterogeneous datasets emerge in various machine learning and optimization applications that feature different input sources, types or formats. Most models or methods do not natively tackle heterogeneity. Hence, such datasets are often partitioned into smaller and simpler ones, which may limit the generalizability or performance, especially when data is limited. The first main contribution of this work is a modeling framework that generalizes hierarchical, tree-structured, variable-size or conditional search frameworks. The framework models mixedvariable and hierarchical domains in which variables may be continuous, integer, or categorical, with some identified as meta when they influence the structure of the problem. The second main contribution is a novel distance that compares any pair of mixed-variable points that do not share the same variables, allowing to use whole heterogeneous datasets that reside in mixed-variable and hierarchical domains with meta variables. The contributions are illustrated through regression and classification experiments using simple distance-based models applied to datasets of hyperparameters with corresponding performance scores
Modular Simulator for DAE-Based Systems Using DEVS Formalism
No full textInternational audienceModeling and Simulation of dynamic structure systems present some difficulties, particularly those represented by Differential-Algebraic Equations (DAEs), as structural changes often require modifying equations.To address this, we propose a methodology to build simulators based on Theory of Modeling and Simulation, laying as a foundation for rigorously handling such systems. Our proposal consists of a modular, domainindependent simulator where system's behavior can be represented by DAEs. Systems are represented as graphs, dynamically updated at each step based on predefined scenarios. The simulator automatically generates and processes equations using transformation rules applied to input graphs. To demonstrate the feasibility of our proposal, we apply it to the domain of power systems, particularly the Load Flow Analysis process
Using network science to investigate the role of language context in the dynamics of semanticnetworks. A study of Lebanese Arabic-French bilinguals
No full textInternational audienceThe lexicon can be particularly sensitive to effects of language use, in active bilinguals (Bailey et al., 2024) and potential attriters (Schmid & Köpke, 2009) alike. Verbal fluency tasks (VFT), involving not only vocabulary knowledge but drawing also heavily on processing related skills and executive functions, are promising to investigate these. They have been shown to be modulated by dominance (e.g., Giovanolli et al., 2023; Laam & Yoon, 2023), however, the results of L1 attrition studies using VFT in long term immigrants reviewed by Schmid & Jarvis (2014) showed mixed results. But results seem to vary a lot depending on the precise measures considered in the VFT. Recently, Chaouch Orozco and Martín Villena (2024) found differences in the degree of integration of semantic networks in both L1 and L2 of classroom learners vs. immersed learners with a network science approach. The present cross sectional pilot study seeks to challenge this approach with a population of early bilinguals who use both languages in daily life but live in different language contexts. Data collected with an ‘animal’ VFT with 40 Lebanese Arabic French bilinguals in Lebanon will be compared to data of 40 Lebanese bilinguals living in France. We will focus on the semantic networks in L1 Arabic and L2 French with the general hypothesis that there will be a shift in L1 networks towards less integrated and efficient semantic networks as reflected by network metrics such as clustering coefficient, shortestpath length, and modularity when Arabic is no longer the main context language, while the semantic networks for French L2 will be more integrated in the group living in France
La contraception au fil du temps, entre dynamiques émancipatrice et coercitive
No full textInternational audienceThe legalisation of contraception in 1967, followed by laws facilitating access to it, have contributed significantly to the development of women's rights. Nevertheless, contraception appears to have a dual dynamic: emancipatory, in line with the ideals that symbolise it, and coercive. Its uses have evolved, and access to it is not always guaranteed. Based on a categorical content analysis of the testimonies of ten women born between 1930 and 2000, we document this dual dynamic. On the strength of their ‘contraceptive biographies’, their experiences of the ‘Big History’ and ‘Little Stories’ of contraception, we document the dual emancipatory and coercive dynamics of contraception and discuss them in light of the changes observed in the chronoenvironment. Given its increasing complexity, the evolution of the contraceptive cause invites us to consider educational approaches that will enable contraception to preserve its emancipatory dimension. Based on this approach, it appears that the possibilities for emancipation depend not only on the means available or the aspirations of individuals, but also on their chronoenvironment.La legalización de la anticoncepción en 1967 y las leyes que facilitaron su acceso contribuyeron decisivamente al desarrollo de los derechos de la mujer. Sin embargo, parece que la anticoncepción presenta una doble dinámica : emancipadora, acorde con los ideales que la simbolizan, y coercitiva. Su uso ha evolucionado, pero su acceso no siempre está garantizado. A partir de un análisis categórico del contenido de los testimonios de diez mujeres nacidas entre 1930 y 2000, documentamos esta doble dinámica. A partir de su « biografía anticonceptiva », su experiencia de la Gran Historia y las « Pequeñas Historias » de la anticoncepción, documentamos la doble dinámica emancipadora y coercitiva de la anticoncepción y la ponemos en discusión a la luz de los cambios observados en el entorno cronológico. Teniendo en cuenta la complejidad de la causa anticonceptiva, su evolución nos invita a plantear vías educativas que permitan a la anticoncepción conservar su dimensión emancipadora. A partir de este enfoque, parece que las posibilidades de emancipación dependen no solo de los medios disponibles o de las aspiraciones de los individuos, sino también de su cronoambiente.La légalisation de la contraception en 1967 puis les lois facilitant l’accès à celle-ci ont résolument contribué au développement des droits des femmes. Néanmoins, il apparaît que la contraception affiche une double dynamique : émancipatrice, conforme aux idéaux que jalonnent sa symbolique, et coercitive. Ses usages ont évolué, son accès n’est pas toujours garanti. A partir d’une analyse de contenu catégorielle des témoignages de dix femmes nées entre 1930 et 2000, nous documentons cette double dynamique. Sur la base de leur « biographie contraceptive », leur vécu de la Gande Histoire et des « Petites Histoires » de la contraception, nous documentons la double dynamique émancipatrice et coercitive de la contraception et la mettons en discussion au regard des évolutions constatées dans le chrono-environnement. Compte tenu de la complexification dont elle fait l’objet, l’évolution de la cause contraceptive nous invite à envisager des pistes éducatives pour permettre à la contraception de préserver sa dimension émancipatrice. A partir de cette approche, il apparaît que les possibles de l’émancipation dépendent non seulement des moyens à disposition ou des aspirations des individus mais également du chrono-environnement de ces derniers.A legalização da contraceção em 1967 e as leis que facilitaram o acesso a ela contribuíram decisivamente para o desenvolvimento dos direitos das mulheres. No entanto, parece que a contraceção apresenta uma dupla dinâmica : emancipatória, em conformidade com os ideais que marcam o seu simbolismo, e coerciva. Os seus usos evoluíram, o seu acesso nem sempre é garantido. A partir de uma análise de conteúdo categórico dos testemunhos de dez mulheres nascidas entre 1930 e 2000, documentamos esta dupla dinâmica. Com base na sua « biografia contraceptiva », a sua experiência da Grande História e das « Pequenas Histórias » da contraceção, documentamos a dupla dinâmica emancipatória e coerciva da contraceção e colocamo-la em discussão à luz das evoluções observadas no cronoambiente. Tendo em conta a sua complexidade, a evolução da causa contraceptiva convida-nos a considerar pistas educativas para permitir que a contraceção preserve a sua dimensão emancipatória. A partir desta abordagem, parece que as possibilidades de emancipação dependem não só dos meios disponíveis ou das aspirações dos indivíduos, mas também do cronoambiente destes últimos
Polynomial prenexing of QBFs with non-monotone boolean operators
No full textIt is well-known that every quantified boolean formula (QBF) can be transformed into a prenex QBF whose only boolean operators are negation, conjunction, and disjunction. It is also well-known that the transformation is polynomial if the boolean operators of the original QBF are restricted to negation, conjunction, and disjunction. In contrast, up to now no polynomial transformation has been found when the original QBF contains other boolean operators such as biconditionals or exclusive disjunction. We define such a transformation and show that it is polynomial and preserves quantifier depth
Should We Use Educational Robots to Introduce Students to Computational Thinking? Insights From Two Experimental Studies
No full textInternational audienceABSTRACT Background Teaching programming and computational thinking is becoming a major issue in many education systems. Numerous approaches are possible, but very few studies compare these different ways of implementing programming and computational thinking learning. Objectives We compared three ways of teaching programming and computational thinking to grade 5 students: unplugged activities, block‐based programming software and educational robotics. Method This paper re‐exploits previously published data on the comparison between unplugged and plugged‐in (using the block‐based programming software Scratch) learning, by adding a new experimental condition centred on the use of Scratch associated with an educational robot, and incorporates new mixed model statistical analyses. Based on these results, we conducted a second experiment to explore the cognitive load associated with a learning situation on Scratch, with or without an educational robot. Results Our first experiment revealed that novice grade 5 students using Scratch without a robot learned better programming concepts and skills, compared to students involved in unplugged activities or using Scratch with a robot. Experiment 2 showed that the detrimental effect of using a robot is probably due to an increased extraneous cognitive load in the Scratch with a robot condition. However, robots had a large positive effect on students' motivation. Gender differences were also observed, as girls showed slightly better learning performance but were less motivated than boys when using Scratch without a robot. Conclusions Overall, these results provide key elements for understanding the advantages and disadvantages of using robots to sustain computational thinking learning in children
A Data-Driven Framework for Fault Diagnostics in Gearbox Health Monitoring Under Non-Stationary Conditions
No full textInternational audienceMonitoring gearbox health is essential in industrial systems, where undetected faults can result in costly downtime and severe equipment damage. While vibration-based diagnostics are widely utilized for fault detection, analyzing large-scale, non-stationary vibration signals remains a computational challenge, particularly in real-time and resource-constrained environments. This paper presents Data-Driven Synchrosqueezing-based Signal Transformation (DSST), a novel time-frequency method that integrates synchrosqueezing transform (SST) with structured downsampling in both time and frequency domains. DSST significantly reduces computational and memory demands, while preserving high-resolution representations of fault-related features such as gear meshing frequency sidebands and their harmonics. In contrast to prior SST variants, DSST emphasizes diagnostic interpretability, invertibility, and compatibility with data-driven learning models, making it suitable for deployment in modern condition monitoring frameworks. Experimental results on non-stationary gearbox vibration data demonstrate that DSST achieves comparable diagnostic accuracy to conventional SST methods, with substantial gains in processing efficiency—thereby supporting scalable, real-time industrial health monitoring. Unlike existing downsampling-based SST methods, DSST is designed as a diagnostic component within a scalable, data-driven framework, supporting real-time analysis, signal reconstruction, and downstream machine learning integration