Scientific Publications of the University of Toulouse II Le Mirail
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La recherche-création comme incubateur de collaborations (Table ronde)
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Philosophie et antiphilosophie au temps des Lumières: Autour de Loménie de Brienne
No full textInternational audienceThis volume focuses on Loménie de Brienne—a complex and emblematic figure positioned at the crossroads of Enlightenment philosophy and religious apologetics—alongside other paradoxical figures, in order to shed light on the ongoing dialectic between philosophers and anti-philosophers. It also seeks to revisit literary history—or, at the very least, to explore its hidden underside.Ce volume se centre sur Loménie de Brienne, figure complexe et emblématique se situant entre philosophie des Lumières et apologétique, ainsi que sur d’autres figures paradoxales dans le but d’éclairer la dialectique permanente entre philosophes et antiphilosophes et revisiter l’histoire littéraire, ou du moins d’en explorer l’envers
Exemple d'une démarche d'éducation au futur: les jeunes togolais et le changement climatique sur le littoral. Comment s'adapter?
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Réalité virtuelle et acquisition des compétences langagières et culturelles : un levier pour l’engagement des apprenant.e.s
No full textInternational audienceL’apprentissage d’une langue étrangère ne se limite pas aux savoirs linguistiques. Il implique des compétences sociolinguistiques, culturelles et interactionnelles essentielles pour une communication authentique (Al Zoubi, 2018; Johnson-Glenberg et al. 2020). Le CECRL met en avant l'importance de la conscience interculturelle et de la compréhension des différences culturelles, qui influencent l’appropriation d’une langue et son usage (Godwin-Jones, 2018 ; Lan, 2015 ; Lombardi & Oblinger, 2007 ; Mitchell & Myles, 2004).Pourtant, en classe, recréer une authenticité communicationnelle reste un défi (Lan, 2020). Les jeux de rôles, souvent utilisés, suscitent une implication limitée. La réalité virtuelle émerge alors comme une alternative innovante, permettant aux apprenant.e.s de pratiquer la langue dans des situations authentiques (Bahari, 2021 ; Dhimolea et al., 2022 ; Hua & Wang, 2023 ; Klimova et al., 2023 ; Peixoto et al., 2021).Notre étude, menée auprès de 45 adolescent.e.s français.e.s apprenant l’anglais, s’appuie sur un modèle TAM (Davis, 1989) spécifique à cette technologie. Les résultats révèlent un intérêt marqué pour cette technologie, perçue comme un levier pour renforcer leur confiance en soi en langue étrangère.Cette communication analysera l'impact de la réalité virtuelle sur la motivation et l’implication des apprenant.e.s dans l'acquistion de compétences langagières et culturelle
Factors associated with the phenomenon of overcrowding in the emergency department: a retrospective cohort study
No full textInternational audienceObjectivesEmergency departments (EDs) have been confronted with growing demand for several decades. However, the strain on EDs is generally not evenly distributed across the year, as some days are at increased risk of overcrowding compared to others. Identifying the days during which teams are unable to meet actual service demands could be beneficial as a means to avoid, in the most drastic cases, redirecting patients to other care structures (ambulance diversion). The objective of this study was to identify the factors explaining ED overcrowding in a general hospital.MethodsWe conducted a retrospective study at a single emergency department between 1 January 2017 and 31 December 2021. The days with the highest deviation from baseline regarding length of stay were defined as being overcrowded. The factors associated with overcrowding were evaluated using a logistic regression model adjusted for the day’s characteristics.ResultsThe study period comprised 183 overcrowded days and 1643 uncrowded days. The factors associated with the risk of crowding in multivariable analysis were the ED crowding status of the previous day, the number of patients at the beginning of the day, the proportion of patients age 75 or greater, the number of radiological exams per patient, and the number of radiological exams of the skull and brain region. The mitigating factors were the proportion of patients with less urgent needs during triage, an increased proportion of patients needing trauma care, the proportion of patients < 7 years old, weekend days, and the epidemic period following the month of March 2020.ConclusionOur study has highlighted case-mix factors and chronological factors related to the risk of overcrowding. These factors were communicated to hospital management, which allowed the hospital to reassess its operations
Sur les traces des mécanismes d’exclusion des femmes de lettres italiennes : enquête épistolaire (XVIIIe s.)
No full textInternational audienceL’apparente intégration des femmes de lettres dans les sphères savantes au XVIIIe siècle semble enfin leur assurer une postérité, postérité toutefois illusoire au vu de leur absence paradoxale dans l’histoire de la littérature italienne. L’étude épistolaire des mécanismes visant à dissocier les lectrices du public lettré et à décrédibiliser les autrices qui développent un sentiment d’illégitimité et de dépendance peut contribuer à élucider les raisons de leur invisibilisation délibérée
Articulation entre Espaces de travail mathématique (ETM) et algorithmique (ETA) : une séquence de programmation en mathématiques au secondaire au Québec
No full textInternational audienceAlthough computer programming is not part of the mathematics curriculum in Quebec, some teachers have begun integrating it into their lessons. Based on a case study conducted in a Quebec City high school classroom, we analyze how one teacher attempts to use Mathematical Workspace (MWS) and Algorithmic Workspace (AWS) to facilitate algebraic generalization. Our analysis of five episodes reveals the challenges of setting up a fibered workspace in which objects can move seamlessly between mathematics and informatics. We also discuss the difficulties of introducing algorithms to develop or initiate mathematical concepts, particularly generalization.Bien que la programmation informatique ne figure pas dans les programmes de mathématiques au Québec, certains enseignants l’intègre dans leur enseignement. À partir d’une étude de cas menée dans une classe de secondaire à Québec, nous analysons la manière dont une enseignante tente d’articuler Espace de Travail Mathématique (ETM) et Espace de Travail Algorithmique (ETA) pour soutenir la construction de premières formes de généralisations algébriques. L’analyse de cinq épisodes révèle les difficultés à installer un espace de travail fibré dans lequel les objets circulent de façon fluide entre les deux espaces mathématiques et informatique. Nous mettons en évidence les défis didactiques liés à l’introduction de l’algorithmique pour construire ou initier des concepts mathématiques, en particulier lorsqu’il s’agit d’introduire les prémices de la généralisation
Operational Availability and Obsolescence: A Usage-Oriented Approach
No full textInternational audienceIn a constantly evolving technological context, the sustainability of complex systems can no longer be assessed only through the traditional indicators of reliability, maintainability, and availability (RAM). The obsolescence of components, whether hardware, software, or documentation has become a critical vulnerability factor, compromising the ability of systems to accomplish their missions over the long term. This issue is particularly critical in multifunctional systems, where the failure or unavailability of a subset of components does not necessarily result in total system shutdown but may selectively affect certain missions or functionalities.In this context, traditional approaches, which are often binary and global, prove insufficient to apprehend the differentiated effects of obsolescence. This article proposes a mission-oriented approach to estimating the operational availability of complex systems, by assessing their capacity to accomplish each specific mission within a real-world usage context. A hierarchical modeling framework is introduced, linking the functional structure (missions and functionalities) with the physical structure (systems, subsystems, components). Components are classified according to their mode of acquisition (internal or external) and their nature (repairable or consumable), in order to identify critical vulnerabilities and potential levers for action. To model the interactions between missions, functions, failures, and obsolescence, the method relies on hierarchical Petri nets. A case study focused on an industrial programmable logic controller illustrates the approach. It demonstrates that certain critical functions can remain operational despite component obsolescence and partial failure. The results highlight the value of this approach for anticipating performance degradation due to obsolescence, prioritizing maintenance actions, and guiding management decisions in a mission-oriented availability framework
Survey on differential estimators for 3d point clouds
No full textInternational audienceRecent advancements in 3D scanning technologies, including LiDAR and photogrammetry, have enabled the precise digital replication of real-world objects. These methods are widely used in fields such as GIS, robotics, and cultural heritage. However, the point clouds generated by such scans are often noisy and unstructured, posing challenges for traditional geometry processing tasks. Accurately estimating differential properties like surface curvatures and normals is crucial for tasks such as shape matching and classification, but remains complex due to these inherent challenges. This paper reviews state-of-the-art methods for estimating differential properties from 3D point clouds, with a focus on approaches that offer strong mathematical foundations and theoretical guarantees.We also benchmark these methods using various datasets, evaluating their performance in terms of accuracy, robustness, and efficiency. Our contributions include the release of datasets, tools, and code to promote reproducibility and support future research in this area
