International Journal Online of Humanities (IJOHMN)
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Analyzing Indian Socio-Political Thoughts, Hunger and Freedom in Bhabhani Bhattacharya’s Novel “So Many Hungers”
Get PDFThis paper focuses on the Indian cultural background having the themes like hunger, poverty, famine, war, politics, freedom, imperialism, economic exploitation, class consciousness in the Indo-Anglian English fiction writer Bhabani Bhattacharya’s novel So Many Hungers!, related to the socio-political and economic situations of Bengali’s society. The theme of the novel is mainly the existing pressing problems of India, especially the rural India before and after the Independence. Realism is one of the most remarkable features of Bhabani Bhattacharya’s fiction. His novel shows a passionate awareness of life in India, the social awakening and protest, the utter poverty of peasants, the Indian freedom struggle and its various dimensions, the tragedy of partition of the country, the social and political transitions, the mental as well as the physical agony of the poor peasants and labor class people of the Indian society, especially that of Bengal and other adjoining states. Bhattacharya believes that an artist should inevitably be concerned with truth and reality, his portrayal of the life and society is never a photographic one nor a journalistic record. One can very well find the reflection of Indian culture, tradition and struggle in it
Sufism in Jammu
Get PDFSufism entered the Indian subcontinent in the twelfth century as a new socio religious force. Within a short period, it mushroomed to different parts of India. Fro Punjab to Rajputana, from Jammu and Kashmir to Kerala, sufism influenced the life and thought of the people. Though on the eve of its advent, Muslim population in most parts of India was virtually negligible, yet the sufis hardly faced any local resistance to their activities. Sufism reviewed enthusiastic social response. It adjusted itself with the indigenous cultural modes in a smooth manner. As a result, it became a catalyst in shaping and consolidating the Indian regional identities from the thirteenth century onwards. In this context, sufi shrines of the different regions-Ajodhan, Sirhins, Delhi, Ajmer and Gulbarga – played a significant role. For example, Richard Maxwell Eaton has shown that the sufis of Bijapur contributed tremendously to the promotion of vernacular idiom and Dakhani language
An Analysis of Reading Strategies Used by Ethiopian Higher Education Students: Evidence from Ambo University, Oromia, Ethiopia
Get PDFConcerned by increased problems about the students’ reading quality, this study was carried out to investigate the reading approach of English major students of Ambo University. To achieve this objective, all 52(31 male and 21 female) English major students of the University were purposely selected for the study because the number of the students is small to manage. Both quantitative and qualitative data were obtained from the respondents through Reading Achievement Tests, Questionnaire and Structured Interview and analyzed accordingly. The study mainly focused on the students’ approach to reading (adapted top-down or bottom-up) and the students’ ability to identify the main ideas and details, explicitly stated and implied information, the purpose and the tone of authors in five different reading genres: dialogues, directions, article, essays, and poems. The overall result of the study showed that 89.7% of the University students were exclusively limited to bottom-up approaches to reading and frustrated to determine the main ideas and implied information in the texts. In other words, no student answered more than 78% in reading comprehension items correctly in the tests. Moreover, half of the students could not answer above 50% in the comprehension questions. Therefore, the prescriptions for the solution to the problem lies in bringing about improvement in the students’ interactive approach to reading and thereby, improve students’ ability to identify the main ideas and details, explicitly stated and implied information, the purpose and the tone of authors in different reading genres: dialogues, articles, essays, directions and poem
A Subaltern’s Quest for Identity and Respect: A Gramscian Study of ‘Our Lady of Alice Bhatti’
Get PDFThe research paper attempts to probe the resistance of subaltern against the institutionalized oppression of the capitalist society shown in the novel of \u27Our Lady of Alice Bhatti\u27 by Mohammad Hanif. The researcher applies the theory of Gramsci to explore the abject condition, suppression and subsequent resistance of subaltern class. This novel gives voice to the oppressed, suppressed and wretched minority of Pakistani society. Alice Bhatti, the protagonist is in many ways a subaltern. She is a Christian in Muslim majority society; she lives in the French colony in the slums of Karachi, she is a woman in the patriarchal society. This novel shows the struggle and resilience of the protagonist. She fought against triple marginalization: She resists against poverty, she resists against patriarchy, she resists against religious fundamentalism, she resists against the bourgeoisie class. Mohammad Hanif produces a subaltern who speaks, who struggles, and who fights against the system. In the end, she is crushed by the ruthless hands of the system. Her death by acid is a cry of a subaltern against inhuman suppression
Women Victims of Partition Imbroglio: Manto at his Best
Get PDFBorn in Ludhiana, Saadat Hasan Manto was opposed to his family tradition; aristocracy and study of Law. He grew up less educated, profligate, wayward and whimsical; smoking charas and other narcotics, drinking and gambling. Prone to frustration and dissipation he had no particular aim in life till he came to Bombay. Flowing through the stream of writing, mainly short stories, throughout his life he became a master story teller in Urdu. ‘Manto’s oeuvre’ made him immortal writer of short stories in a short life span of less than 43 years. He left India for Pakistan and settled in his familiar town, Lahore, in 1948. His partition stories only have been discussed here. He never becomes partial in his dealing with woman. All his qualifications and disqualifications have been discussed here
The Songs of Innocence-Blake’s Intuitive Flights into the Realm of the Absolute
Get PDFJust like William Wordsworth who came a little later William Blake was known for an absolute sincerity, a mystic renunciation and a boldness of spirit. His originality and individuality, both of which were of a high order, came in the way of his public acceptance and acclaim. His drawings bear the stamp of a “characteristic and inimitable vision”. His poetry is marked by the utmost subtlety of symbolism and the skill with which it is sustained is truly matchless. The philosophical framework of his poetry is no more than a series of “intuitive flights into the realm of the absolute, soaring with tranquil and imperious assurance”. In Blake’s view the world of children, which is not contaminated by experience, is almost heavenly. In fact childhood is like a compensation for the loss of Eden. In the poems of Blake, the divine that is described is Jesus Christ who, even like human children, was a child once and spoke of the merciful and compassionate heavenly father, God. Children are free from cares and conflicts and always in a state of happiness and harmony with the human society around them and nature
J. C. Bose’s Scientific Inventions Confirmed the Truth of Consciousness
Get PDFA world leader in telecommunications, Bose was a significant figure behind the creation of modern radio and sonic technology. In 1896 his work was commemorated by IEEE as the oldest "milestone achievement" from Asia. In 1997 the Institute of Electrical and Electronic
Engineers of America named Bose as a “Father of Radio Science.” Royal Society of England was impressed by a research paper of Bose on electro-magnetic waves and they honoured him with a Degree of Doctorate in Science. He was knighted in 1917, and made a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1920 (the first Indian to become a fellow for science as opposed to mathematics).
Tagore’s Gitanjali: A Note on Publics of Performance
Get PDFTagore’s Gitanjali has been written seeking inspiration from the bhakti tradition. The nuances of performance and reception of the tradition essentially involve two aspects- public and private. Bhakti as an act of personal devotion of an individual forms its ‘private’ character.The sonic performance of bhakti in forms such as bhajans addressed to Gods, accompanied by musical instruments and joyful cries of ecstasy, encompass the ‘public’ character. Both the ‘private’ and the ‘public’ are the modes of transcendental God realisation. While the ‘private’ is individual-centric, the ‘public’ can be understood in the sense of the integration of the individual with the Universal or the finite with the Infinite. The modes of publics of performance rely on transcendental collective shared experience as a catalyst of self-transformation and as an agent fostering national and universal brotherhood. This paper presents the case for incorporating publics of performance in the pedagogy for the study of Gitanjali, as a text of bhakti tradition. This would involve techniques like the inclusion of a CD demonstrating the rhythmic flow of reading, providing guidance on pronunciation, intonation, emphasis, punctuation and groupings of words and phrases. The trainers, on a more dedicated note can evolve innovative teaching techniques such as a ‘literary jagran’ and perform a collective public reading accompanied by traditional musical instruments of the bhakti tradition such as cymbals and dholaks.
Communication in Art Song and Literature: Poems Versus Novels
Get PDFThe primary urge of a poet or writer is to create according to his inspiration but close to it is the urge to communicate with the reader. A singer requires hearer, a painting requires connoisseur. Well, even without the other parties, a poem and a painting may be created or a song may be sung. Think of the wind flowing through the reeds or bamboo grove or a bird’s song reaching the ethereal height creating a symphony in the air which is perhaps enjoyed by the silent Nature. Nature exactly does that. It is neither responsible nor obliged to tell man what it enjoys, how it enjoys itself but when a man hears them they become songs touching the heart of the pure sympathizers away from the hullabaloo of the mundane world. Go further and there are the unheard songs, unheard sounds; they are very much there for every sound comes out of silence. When Nature creates such things on its own without waiting for anybody to appreciate the things remain unknown until someone hears or looks at them. Man creates to communicate. If we consider songs it is definitely a field for communication between the singer and the hearer. Man’s creation may be said to be, in general term, artificial whereas Nature’s creation is natural. Nature recreates itself Man creates imitating Nature or otherwise. But I don’t wish to stop telling that Art is imitation only like our great Greek predecessors. The seer poets created words the way they heard. The higher and highest sources, it may be said the Divine sources, create through man as through the Nature.
Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs in “Button Button” by Richard Matheson
Get PDFA short stories author and novelists named Richard Matheson was born on 1926 in US state New Jersey. Story writer Richard Matheson is best known for his science fiction’s works. His first story was “Born Man and Woman.” He also earned a good name for his popular fiction
“I am Legend” as well as due to short story “Button Button” He passed away on June 23, 2013 (Editors, 2014). Alike various famous novelists and story writers Matheson also leave a deep impression of his readers. He also turned minor incidents and situations into extraordinary situations.