Animo Repository - De La Salle University Research
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Beyond the Standard: A Sociolectal and Probabilistic Turn in Philippine English Phonology
No full textThis article advocates for probabilistic approaches as a key framework for understanding Philippine English (PhE) phonology, arguing that they reveal socially conditioned variation that traditional descriptive models overlook. Tracing five decades of research, it critiques early standardization efforts and studies centered on scripted speech and elite norms, and highlights the sociolectal turn initiated by Tayao (2004). The discussion foregrounds recent methods that combine instrumental phonetics with constraint-based frameworks, including Optimality Theory (OT) and Maximum Entropy grammar (MaxEnt), to model gradient variation across acrolectal, mesolectal, and basilectal speakers. By synthesizing findings on segmental features, phonotactic patterns, and speech rhythm, the article demonstrates how probabilistic modeling moves beyond surface description toward predictive, empirically grounded accounts of PhE phonology. It concludes by outlining future directions that incorporate spontaneous speech, regional diversity, and prosodic features, contributing to broader understandings of English phonology in postcolonial, multilingual contexts
Enhancing English Literacy through Task-Based Learning in a Technology-Integrated Classroom
No full textThis study explored the impact of task-based teaching in a technology-enhanced environment, following the blended ladder model (Gravel et al., 2014), on second language (L2) learners’ English reading and writing skills. The study aimed to promote reading habits through extensive reading (ER), improve language skills via technology-assisted platforms (e.g., ZUVIO and Classdojo), and reduce writing anxiety. Two classes of 40 students each were divided into higher proficiency (HP) and lower proficiency (LP) groups for an eight-week intervention. Both classes participated in two interventions: self-selected reading materials with reading journals and task-based learning involving grammar, sentence structure, and authentic writing tasks using technology. Quantitative results showed significant improvements in reading comprehension for both the HP (p =.00) and LP (p=.025) groups, as indicated by the paired T-test, with HP showing greater gains than LP (5.27% vs. 5.02%). Writing anxiety results, based on the Second Language Writing Anxiety Inventory (Cheng, 2004), indicated that HP experienced the most reduction in “avoidance behavior” (MD =2.94), whereas LP showed improvement in “cognitive anxiety” (MD =1.7). Qualitative findings highlighted the benefits of daily reading habits, with 30-60 minutes per day benefiting the growth of sustainable reading habits, though vocabulary remained a challenge that hindered comprehension. Recommendations for cultivating a steady reading habit lie in students’ choices of interest and the teacher’s guidance in selecting suitable reading materials
Choices, Challenges, and Considerations: Exploring College Application Experiences of De La Salle University Manila Senior High School Students to the Big Four Universities
No full textMost Filipino students strive to secure successful applications to universities such as the University of the Philippines (UP), Ateneo de Manila University (ADMU), De La Salle University (DLSU), and the University of Santo Tomas (UST). Known as the Big Four Universities, they are recognized for their high rankings, strong academic programs, scholarship opportunities, campus resources, strategic locations, alumni networks, and overall prestige. However, applying to these institutions is not without challenges, especially as senior high school (SHS) students balance their academic demands with application requirements. These narratives are often overlooked, overshadowed by the success or failure of the applications. Thus, this study explores this facet through an Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) to explore how DLSU Manila senior high school alumni comprehend their lived experiences of applying to the Big Four Universities. Twelve (12) participants were recruited through purposive sampling and participated in online semi-structured interviews that encouraged in-depth, reflective accounts of their application journeys. The interview data were analyzed inductively, with themes developed through an interpretative engagement with participants’ narratives, acknowledging the researchers’ role in co-constructing meaning from these accounts. Findings revealed themes of positivity, perseverance, and acceptance, describing how student applicants dealt with remaining academic pressure, entrance exam stress, and considered familial and peer recommendations. Results also highlight the influence of self-doubt on navigating the process, as well as the dilemma of “practicality over passion.” The creation of a framework that best maps how different factors influence student applicants was discussed, with the Self taking the final role in decision-making
K-U-L-T-U-R-A sa Gitna ng Suliranin ng Lupang Tirahan ng Pamayanang Ayta ng Putingkahoy, Rosario, Batangas
No full textSuliranin sa lupa ang isa sa pinakamabigat na hamon ng mga pamayanang Ayta sa bansa, ngunit nanatiling limitado ang mga pag-aaral hinggil sa kanilang paninirahan sa labas ng lupang ninuno. Tinugunan ng papel ang puwang na ito sa pamamagitan ng pagsusuri sa karanasan ng pamayanang Ayta sa Putingkahoy, Rosario, Batangas bilang indigenous peoples outside ancestral domain. Ginamit sa pag-aaral ang modelong mnemonic na K-U-L-T-U-R-A at disenyong etnograpiya na nakabatay sa partisipasyon ng pamayanan upang masuri ang kamalayan, saloobin, pag-uugali, reaksyon, at pagkilos ng mga Ayta sa kanilang suliranin sa lupang tirahan. Natuklasan na ang paninirahan sa labas ng lupang ninuno ay lalo pang nagpalala sa kakulangan sa edukasyon, kawalan ng permanenteng kabuhayan, malnutrisyon, kakulangan ng representasyon sa barangay, at mas mataas na bulnerabilidad sa kalamidad. Lumitaw rin ang kultura ng tahimik na paghihintay at mahinahong pakikipag-ugnayan, kung saan ipinauubaya sa chieftain ang pakikipag-usap sa mga opisyal ng barangay. Sa kabila nito, natukoy ang kontra-diskursong nagpakitang may pangarap ang mga Ayta na makapagtapos ng pag-aaral at may bukas silang pagtanggap sa mga mananaliksik at community partners. Gayunman, nanatiling hamon ang usapin ng free, prior, and informed consent at etika sa mga programang isinagawa kasama ang mga katutubo. Ipinakita rin ng papel ang aktibong partisipasyon ng kabataang Ayta sa pagpapasigla ng katutubong kaalaman at ang panawagang mas malinaw na maipaliwanag ang Indigenous Peoples’ Rights Act (IPRA) upang maprotektahan at mapalakas ang tinig ng mga Ayta sa labas ng lupang ninuno
Ang Kapatiran sa Pananaw ng mga Kasapi ng Apricot at Tangerine
Get PDFNagsisilbing kanlungan ang kapatiran para sa mga naghahanap ng suporta at pagkakakilanlan. Bago maging ganap na miyembro, nagsasagawa ang mga kapatiran ng initiation rites upang diumano\u27y subukin ang pisikal at mental na kakayahan ng mga nais sumapi rito. Bagamat malawak na nasuri ang iba’t ibang aspekto ng mga bunga nito, ang konsepto ng kapatiran na siyang pundasyon nito ito ay madalas na naisasantabi sa pananaliksik. Siniyasat ng mananaliksik ang kahulugan ng kapatiran batay sa mga karanasan ng miyembro ng Apricot at Tangerine fraternities. Nagsagawa ng semi-structured in-depth interview sa anim na kasapi nito upang matukoy ang kanilang pananaw at pagpapakahulugan sa kapatiran. Sa mga kasapi ng Apricot, ang kapatiran ay nakaugat sa prinsipyo ng pagtutulungan, respeto, at pagkakaisa. Para sa Tangerine, hindi lamang ito nakatuon sa pisikal na pagsubok kundi isang komunidad na pinapanday ang pagkatao at moralidad sa pamamagitan ng diyalogo, respeto, at paggamit ng lohika sa halip na karahasan. Sa kabila ng negatibong tingin ng publiko, para sa ilan, ang kapatiran ay behikulo patungo sa kabutihan at pag-unlad—para sa sarili at sa komunidad. Lipas na ang panahong idinadaan sa gulo ang paglutas ng mga suliranin at ang kanilang tinig at pagpapakumbaba ang naging daan tungo sa kapayapaan. Unti-unting lumalabo ang linya sa herarkiyang umiiral—neophyte at masters—sa oras na sila\u27y mabinyagan, ang tanda ng ganap na pagtanggap bilang tunay na kapatid sa ilalim ng iisang Ama o Diyos
Gearing for a renewed strategic competiton with China: Possible roles for the QUAD in the Indo-Pacific region
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First-principles calculation to investigate the viability of Cu-doped MoS2 for terahertz photodetection
No full textFirst-principles calculations were conducted using Quantum Espresso to investigate the effect of doping monolayer molybdenum disulfide (MoS2) with Cu on its structural, electronic, and optical properties. A 5×5 supercell was assembled with a total of 75 atoms. In the case of the pristine MoS2, there are 25 Mo and 50 S atoms in the supercell. To simulate doping, Mo/S atoms were replaced with Cu. Results showed that Cu doping changes the material from an n-type semiconductor into a p-type semiconductor by shifting the Fermi energy level towards the valence band in all variations of concentration and site. Moreover, the electron mobility calculations show that doping MoS2 by increasing the total charge up to 0.4e can increase electron mobility, enabling its more effective use for terahertz applications. The absorption coefficient, photoconductivity, and reflectivity calculations indicate that Cu-doped MoS2 is sensitive to violet light. In addition, Cu doping elevates the sensitivity of the material to low-energy light. These results show that Cu-doped MoS2 can be used in optoelectronic applications
Isang kasaysayang panlipunan ng Palanan, Isabela: Mga epekto ng batas militar sa pang-araw-araw na buhay ng mga taga-Palanan (1972-1981)
No full textTinalakay ng pag-aaral na ito ang kasaysayan ng Palanan, Isabela mula 1972 hanggang 1981 gamit ang pamamaraang pangkasaysayan at kasaysayang pasalita (i.e. oral history). Isinalaysay at sinuri ng mananaliksik ang epekto ng Batas Militar sa pang-araw-araw na buhay ng mga taga-Palanan. Natukoy ng mananaliksik ang takot na dulot ng militarisasyon at mga operasyong kontra-New People’s Army, ang pagpapatupad ng curfew, pagbabawal sa pagtitipon, at mga pagbabagong nakaapekto sa pagkain, pangangalakal, edukasyon, pampalipas-oras, at pakikisalamuha sa militar.
Bagaman liblib at hiwalay mula sa ibang bayan ng Lambak ng Cagayan, naranasan ng mga taga-Palanan ang mga hamon ng Batas Militar. Ginamit ng mananaliksik ang teorya ni Bernhard Waldenfels tungkol sa apat na aspekto ng pang-araw-araw na buhay upang ipaliwanag kung paano nagbago at umangkop ang mga mamamayan sa mga local na reyalidad na bunsod ng pagpapatupad ng Batas Militar. Inilarawan ng pananaliksik ang takot at tensyon sa subjective experience (karanasan ng indibidwal), ang pagbabagong idinulot ng curfew at pag-iwas sa mga pagtitipon sa typical practical actions (mga karaniwang gawi), ang epekto ng militarisasyon sa ugnayan ng sibilyan at militar sa long rhythms (mahahabang siklo ng buhay), at ang kakayahan ng mga mamamayan na umangkop sa mga patakaran sa mobile forms of rationality (mga pagbabago sa panuntunan o lohika ng pag-iisip).
Mga Susing Salita: Batas Militar, Kasaysayang Panlipunan, Isabela, at Pang-araw-araw na Buha
Identifying factors associated with bullying victimization among Filipino students using interpretable machine learning methods
No full textBullying among adolescents is a common occurrence globally, negatively impacting victims’ self-esteem and well-being over time. 65% of Filipino students reported experiencing bullying at least a few times per month, the highest among participating countries according to the results of the 2018 Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Thus, this study aimed to identify factors associated with bullying victimization, providing evidence-based targeted interventions for reducing prevalence in the Philippines. Machine learning techniques, such as random forest, Naïve Bayes, and logistic regression, were applied to predict bullying victimization. The classification models were subsequently assessed through five-fold cross-validation with recall, precision, F1 score, and Matthews correlation coefficient computed as performance measures. Shapley Additive Explanations (SHAP) was used to interpret feature contributions to model predictions based on magnitude and direction. Key factors associated with bullying victimization included well-being, teaching methods, school dynamics, belonging, cultural respect and awareness, resilience, socioeconomic resources, technology access, and academic performance. Vulnerable groups included top-performing and underperforming students, those with a low sense of belonging at school, and those with poorly perceived disciplinary climates. Among the three classification algorithms, random forest achieved the best predictive performance and was consequently analyzed using SHAP for added interpretability. The SHAP analysis showed that students who experienced bullying victimization have low subjective well-being, low sense of belonging, and perceived lenient rules enforcement, strict teacher-directed instruction, perceived more competence and cooperation, and high respect and resiliency. The findings of this study may guide educators and governing bodies in developing targeted strategies to address bullying and foster safer, more inclusive school environments