Animo Repository - De La Salle University Research
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Unwind the mind: A pilot sequential-explanatory study on sleep hygiene practices among Filipino undergraduate students
No full textThis pilot sequential-explanatory study explored the effectiveness of a four-week sleep hygiene program for Filipino undergraduate students. Grounded in Beck’s Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (2020), Deci and Ryan’s Self-Determination Theory (2000), and Brehm’s Reactance Theory (1981), the intervention aimed to address cognitive distortions, foster intrinsic motivation, and overcome resistance to change. Voluntary participants engaged in weekly psychoeducation on sleep hygiene practices and Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Insomnia (CBT-I). The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), administered pre- and post-intervention, showed a statistically significant improvement in sleep latency, reflecting a significant difference in means ( = 0.049). Participants’ experiences were further illuminated by a sleep diary (adapted from the American Academy of Sleep Medicine, 2021) and subsequent thematic analysis of group discussions and in-depth interviews. This qualitative data yielded themes of collaborative and experiential learning, along with perceived benefits and challenges in joining a group-based sleep intervention. These findings offer a nuanced understanding of behavioral interventions for college student sleep, combining quantitative evidence of improved sleep latency with qualitative insights into the program’s broader impact
Ethical Technology Assessment of Artificial Intelligence (AI) and the Internet of Things (IoT) among Gen Z Population in Thailand and the Philippines
No full textWith the use of the ethical technology assessment model by Palm and Hansson (2006), this paper examines the knowledge and perceptions about the ethics of and experiences with artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of things (IoT) among the Generation Z population in Thailand and the Philippines. A total of 1,060 Thai and 1,499 Filipino Gen Z students participated in the online survey. Results revealed that Gen Z respondents from Thailand and the Philippines muse heavily on privacy, social contact, autonomy and control, as well as human reproduction and health issues. Moreover, both groups are most bothered by the potential ability of AI and IoT to control people’s behavior beyond their agency. Summarily, despite being “digital natives,” the Gen Z population is unoblivious about the potential harms of AI and IoT, which can undermine one’s agency and privacy. This, therefore, calls for high digital literacy so that AI and IoT users, specifically the Gen Z population, become aware of their rights and responsibilities. As a limitation, the research on which this paper is based did not examine the level of familiarity of the respondents with AI and IoT. In addition, the instrument used in the said study did not consider the culturally nuanced understanding of notions of privacy, autonomy, and the other elements of the ethical technology assessment model
Examining Filipino Cultural Traits and Entrepreneurial Intention: Applying the Mapa ng Loob Framework within the Five-Factor Model in Academic Entrepreneurship
No full textThe academic community is transitioning to fulfill its new mission of promoting innovation and entrepreneurship for economic and social development. With this, there is a need to examine the entrepreneurial intention of an academic entrepreneur from a cultural trait lens. This study explores lexically based Filipino personality traits that influence entrepreneurial attitude and intention in an academic setting, highlighting the significance of the Masaklaw na Panukat ng Loob (Mapa ng Loob) psychological tool as a culturally relevant framework. The Mapa ng Loob thoroughly evaluates personality trait constructs that are both theoretically and practically important in Filipino culture by providing a unique lens for understanding entrepreneurial intention. Drawing on the theory of planned behavior framework and using a quantitative design, data were collected from a state university in southern Philippines to examine the hypotheses. Results revealed that conscientiousness (comprised of Filipino traits pagkamapagplano, pagkaresponsable, pagkamaingat, and pagkamasikap) and extraversion (pagkamasayahin, pagkapalakaibigan, pagkamasigla, and pagkamadaldal) have a positive and significant influence on entrepreneurial attitude. Conversely, the domains of neuroticism (hina ng loob, pagkamaramdamin, pagkamapag-alala, and pagkasumpungin) and agreeableness (pagkadimayabang, pagkamaunawain, pagkamapagparaya, and pagkamapagtiwala) were found to have both negative and positive influence on perceived behavioral control. Furthermore, the study validated the mediating roles of entrepreneurial attitude and perceived behavioral control between these Filipino traits and entrepreneurial intention in the academic setting
Filipino tayo: The perceptions of Metro Manila professionals on Philippine language preservation
No full textThis study aims to understand the perceptions of Metro Manila professionals on Philippine language preservation. Looking into the recommended institutional interventions from educational instructors and business leaders, this phenomenological study used a non-random, non-probability homogenous purposive sampling technique in selecting its ten workplace professionals. In-depth key informant interviews were conducted by utilizing a semi-structured interview guide. Considering their sociodemographic and work characteristics, findings showed that the key institutions such as the family, government, education, and economy can initiate, influence, shape, and implement changes for the preservation of Philippine languages. After interpreting the data through thematic coding, this study affirms the stance of the workplace professionals in Metro Manila to recognize the relevance of Philippine languages amidst the dominant presence of the English language in Philippine society, which poses an endangering threat to Philippine languages.
Keywords: Metro Manila, workplace professionals, Philippines, language preservatio
A hyperbox classifier model approach for the classification of microalgae for biofuel use
No full textMicroalgae are considered third-generation biomass feedstock that have the potential for sustainable biofuel production. With the use of the torrefaction process, the microalgal biomass can be upgraded to biochar, which is a solid biofuel. In converting the microalgal biomass to biochar as an end-product, there are significant factors considered in order to ensure that good-quality biochar is generated. These factors may range from the various microalgal species to the compositional material of the biomass, and to the operational factors of the torrefaction process. Out of these factors, it is important to classify the quality of biochar generated from microalgal biomass. To achieve this, the study proposes the development of an enhanced binary hyperbox model for the classification of microalgae biochar quality from the various factors, including ultimate composition, proximate composition, and process parameters that translate to 11 attributes. The enhanced binary hyperbox model is considered a machine learning toolbox for classifying good-quality microalgal biochar. The performance of the model based on the rules generated is evaluated based on common machine learning performance metrics such as F1-score. The best performing model is that with training hyperparameters of Δ = 0.1 and ε = 0.2 corresponding to a user-defined error margin and maximum allowable type II error value, which resulted in an F1-score of 0.8889. The optimal model found only temperature and time as relevant attributes, implying that the microalgae attributes are irrelevant and only the torrefaction process matters in determining the quality of the biochar for solid biofuel use. The rule generated can aid engineers and entrepreneurs in generating consistent quality microalgae biochar
Technology shift modeling using rectangular-choice-of-technology approach: The case of the Philippine electricity mix
No full textThe urgent need to mitigate global warming, driven largely by CO2 emissions from the energy sector, has accelerated efforts toward clean energy transitions especially in developing countries where electricity demand is rising and fossil-based technologies still dominate. Planning the technology shift requires balancing economic and environmental trade-offs while evaluating broader sectoral impacts. This study develops a technology shift model framework based on a multi-objective Rectangular-Choice-of-Technology (RCOT) approach tailored to the Philippine context, aiming to optimize the electricity generation mix in 2040. The model simultaneously minimizes total annual system generation costs and CO2 emissions from the power generation (PG) sectors. The model incorporates constraints on electricity demand, generation capacity, and resource use, while integrating technology-specific operational characteristics, operational cost structures, and environmental intensities. The Philippine Input-Output (I-O) Table was restructured into a rectangular form to disaggregate the electricity sector into existing and emerging technologies, including offshore wind and nuclear, allowing endogenous optimization of technology choices. Through ε-constraint optimization, the model reveals a linear trade-off between system cost and emissions reduction, where achieving a 1 MtCO2eq reduction in PG emissions increase annual generation costs by approximately PHP 78.8 billion. Among the scenarios, the Min(e) configuration achieves the lowest emissions (79.64 MtCO2eq), while Min(Z) offers the lowest system cost (PHP 5.84 trillion). The balanced (BAL) solution achieves a 26.4% emissions reduction and PHP 520 billion in annual cost savings compared to the policy baseline, while boosting total economic output by 21.2% (PHP 119.28 trillion). The transition also shifts sectoral dynamics, increasing the share of Other Services sector by 6.59% and reducing reliance on fossil-linked sectors (–21.41%) in favor of renewable-supporting manufacturing industries (+30.92%). These results could inform policy extension toward aligning industrial and workforce development strategies in key sectors with clean energy deployment to transform the energy transition into a broader economic development agenda. Calibration with historical data and external benchmarking confirm the model’s internal consistency, reliability, and transferability. Sensitivity analysis further validates its robustness to key assumption changes, particularly parameters influencing marginal generation cost and demand changes. By establishing a scalable RCOT-based framework that bridges optimization with economic impact analysis, this study addresses the lack of integrated energy-environment-economy models tailored for developing countries, promoting data-driven system-level planning for a sustainable energy transition
Unveiling Marginalised Voices: Female Indentured Labourer’s Narratives in Island Literature
Get PDFThis study examines the lives of female indentured labourers from Java and India, as portrayed in Liliane Saintomer\u27s La Bayou de Nouméa à Jakarta (2016) and Gaiutra Bahadur\u27s Coolie Woman (2013). Both authors, grandchildren of the central characters, offer personal and historical insights. The research explores how these novels enhance our understanding of the complex identities and lived experiences of female indentured labourers in colonial contexts. It investigates memory as a site of resistance, reclaiming silenced narratives and addressing the shared struggles of Javanese and Indian women in plantation life
Marketing competency, marketing innovation and sustainable competitive advantage of small and medium enterprises (SMEs): A mixed-method analysis
No full textPurpose The purpose of the current research is to investigate the relationship between marketing capabilities and marketing innovation toward the sustainable competitive advantage of small and medium enterprises in the Philippines. The research study aims to improve the prior conducted literature by concentrating on the precursors of innovation in marketing and its impact on building a sustainable competitive market. The paper intends to address this by examining the following variables using a mixed-method approach.Design/methodology/approach The researcher employed the mixed methods particularly the sequential explanatory design to explain and interpret the quantitative data collected from 89 business owners/managers using Jamovi Software while the qualitative data were collected through an in-depth interview conducted with 10 SME owner-managers of new and established businesses in Angeles City, Pampanga using Taxonomic Coding Scheme. The sequential explanatory design was used to explain and interpret quantitative results by collecting and analyzing follow-up qualitative data.Findings This study investigates the relationship between marketing capabilities and marketing innovation towards sustainable competitive advantage of micro-small and medium enterprises in the Philippines through mixed method approach. For quantitative result, the study found that marketing competency significantly influenced marketing innovation. The result shows that all SMEs have enough people in place who are capable of implementing marketing innovation activities and use new technology like the use of information technology. The paper also found that marketing innovation, significantly predicted sustainable competitive advantage. MSMEs exhibit this innovation such as product, price, place, and promotion can create a distinctive position in the market towards sustainable competitive advantage. The paper also tested the mediation effect of marketing innovation that influences the relationship between marketing competence and sustainable competitive advantage. Most of the hypotheses posited were supported. For qualitative data, it was revealed that these SMEs through their key informants and key leaders are open to innovations thus, willing to learn by establishing networks with customers and other managers/business owners to expand and improve their business. The food business in Pampanga is highly competitive, and most of the SMEs are engaged with it. In order to survive the saturated market, continuous improvement is important in the identified areas for growth and innovation. Mixed method analysis supported quantitative and qualitative findings. Hence, it indicated that marketing competency significantly influences sustainable competitive advantage, which can be achieved through marketing innovation. In this study, the researcher analyzed the influence between marketing competence and marketing innovation to achieve a sustainable and competitive market.Research limitations/implications There were certain limitations of this research study. First, the lack of panel data limits the investigation of causality that is instrumental in substantiating the findings. Second, the proposed conceptual framework offers a deeper understanding of innovation performance, examining how integrating activities of the R&D department, human resource department, and marketing department affect innovation commercialization will likely provide more meaningful insights. Moreover, finally, future studies may go beyond the scope of our study to examine (1) food and meat processing, (2) agriculture, hunting, and forestry, (3) hotels and restaurants, (4) mining and quarrying, (5) wholesale and retail trade, (6) transport, storage communication.Practical implications To remain relevant in this extraordinary time, this paper suggests a support instrument to offer vital data on different categories of innovation to the foodservice sector SMEs in Angeles City to embrace and implement new innovative methods in their practices. The key practical implication of this research, therefore, is the requirement for small and medium business owner-managers to improve their technical capability to realize the full benefits, particularly in terms of more responsive and user-centered, data-driven marketing personnel.Social implications These findings may influence positive social change by contributing to more effective and efficient marketing practices in small and medium firms that can lead to better financial performance, higher survival rates, and a healthier economic system. This study demonstrates that SME owner-managers require new skillsets to overcome the barriers to adopting technology for marketing. This primary capability is a prerequisite to the competitive advantage of the business, yielding to brand equity, business growth, and marketing dominance. Originality/value This study used a sequential explanatory mixed-methods strategy to determine the significant variables. This paper addresses an interesting and practical issue related to the impact of marketing capabilities and marketing innovation towards sustainable competitive advantage of micro-small and medium enterprises in the Philippines using mixed method approach
