Animo Repository - De La Salle University Research
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Spectral assessment of oryza sativa (rice) utilizing a portable leaf spectrometer, UAV, sentinel-2, and automated radiative transfer models operator (ARTMO)
No full textImproving the agriculture sector requires a comprehensive approach to different key areas. It includes technological advancement, sustainable practices, infrastructure and market access, and a research-driven policy that will address the country\u27s problem in agriculture. Technological advancement requires up-to-date equipment and resources that may cost money, including biotechnology, precision agriculture, and automation.
In this study, a portable leaf spectrometer was developed to provide a solution to the high-cost equipment used in precision agriculture. The leaf spectrometer assesses the spectral properties of Oryza sativa (rice plant) within 475 nm to 750 nm wavelength. The spectra obtained from the portable leaf spectrometer were positively correlated (R2=0.87, RMSE=12.76) to the spectra from the simulation model (ARTMO-Prospect 4 model). Also, the study compared vegetation-derived indices from the simulation model, UAV, and Sentinel-2 satellite data. Based on the simulation model, NDWI obtained a negative correlation with NDVI (R=-0.85) and OSAVI (R=-0.82) and a low correlation with MPRI (R= 0.087). The result shows a similar observation between the UAV and Sentinel-satellite data during the rice phenology reproductive phase. The findings in this study provide a tool to support and improve precision agriculture in the Philippines
Examining the validity of Zipf\u27s law for Philippine cities and municipalities: A multi-method approach
No full textZipf\u27s law is a statistical rule where after ordering a collection of objects by size in descending order, the second object is one-half of the largest, the third is one-third, and so on. It has been extensively studied for city size distributions of various urban systems across different territories. The current work aims to examine the validity of Zipf\u27s law for Philippine cities and municipalities for different time periods, given the literature gap in the case of the country. The data will consist of city-level data from the Philippine Statistics Authority census for 2000, 2010, 2015, and 2020. Three approaches will be used: linear regression, Gibrat\u27s law, hierarchical scaling law. As a complement to the first approach, power law behavior of the city sizes will also be assessed. Data truncation will be considered in the various analyses to be performed. Zipf\u27s law can be used to assess the condition of the urban system, and when applicable, allows for the projections of city population.
The linear regression and hierarchical scaling law approaches provide evidence supporting Zipf\u27s law for the truncated dataset or the upper tail of the size distribution. On the other hand, all three approaches give evidence contrary to the law for the untruncated data. The upper tail comprises roughly the top 30% of LGUs and consists of around 70% of the entire population across several years. This range also shows three signatures of complex systems: Zipf-like behavior in the rank-size distribution, a power law in the frequency distribution, and fractality. Furthermore, the upper tail does not strictly conform to Zipf\u27s law, but it has incrementally become more uneven over the years. This may be explained by the above-average growth rates for the largest city sizes. The smallest city sizes, in contrast, tend to have below-average rates. Based on the difference in the results of the two datasets, the statistics suggest that the power law behavior is essential for a Zipf-like characteristic to hold. Furthermore, the results from the three approaches indicate that Philippine urban system is gradually becoming more concentrated.
Keywords: Zipf’s law, Gibrat’s law, hierarchical scaling law, Philippine urban system, complex system
Spatial regression analysis of dengue incidence rate in the Philippines from years 2017-2023
No full textDengue remains an endemic public health concern in the Philippines, affecting millions annually due to its climatic and geographical conditions. Despite various strategic interventions, the government continues to face challenges in reducing the dengue incidence rate. This study aims to address the pressing need for statistical prediction of dengue hotspots through the analysis of dengue incidence rates. A spatial analysis of dengue incidence in the Philippines from 2017 to 2023 was conducted, with a focused spatial regression analysis for the year 2023. Spatial autocorrelation was assessed using the Global Moran’s I statistic, employing the most suitable weight matrices. Additionally, cluster detection, including the identification of hotspots and coldspots, was performed using Local Moran’s I. Consistent dengue hotspots were identified in the northern and southern provinces, with the northern regions exhibiting elevated incidence throughout the entire year and the southern provinces in the earlier half of the year. Coldspots were prominently observed in the central provinces throughout the year, providing valuable insights for nationwide health policy formulation. Furthermore, spatial regression analysis, utilizing the LeSage and Pace method, was conducted by initially modeling the dengue incidence rate with the Spatial Durbin Error Model (SDEM). This model was validated as the best fit for the data when compared to other simpler nested models namely Spatial Lag of X Model (SLX), Spatial Error Model (SEM), and Ordinary Least Squares (OLS). The spatial regression analysis highlighted key factors influencing dengue incidence, including population dynamics, healthcare accessibility, and environmental conditions. Notably, variables such as the hospital bed population ratio, number of doctors, rainfall amount, minimum temperature, maximum temperatures, and relative humidity were found to significantly impact dengue incidence rates
Antibiotic resistance in the Philippines: A public health crisis and call for urgent action
No full textFrom face-to-face to self-paced: Unwrapping students hitches in media and information literacy through web-based learning tasks
Get PDFThis research centered on the description of the Grade 12 students’ hitches in web-based learning tasks in the subject Media and Information Literacy (MIL). It involved 265 learners, employed quantitative-qualitative methods and descriptive design of research. Input data included the mean percentage scores, factors that motivated Grade 12 students and coping mechanisms employed in accessing web-based learning tasks. The utilized process considered the collection of data from test, thematic analysis and coding of responses to interpret the gathered data. The MPS before the web-based learning tasks in were distributed as follows: HUMSS-81.15, STEM-80.80 and TVL-81.51. However, MPS after web-based learning tasks showed the following results: HUMSS-81.61, STEM-87.52 and TVL-84.62. From the statistical data, the researcher inferred that web-based learning tasks as a teaching strategy helped the Grade 12 students overcome the difficulties they encountered and thus, motivated them. This finding is supported by the decision that there is a significant difference in the MPS of Grade 12 students who had undergone a web- based learning tasks as an intervention for the subject. The researcher rejected the null hypothesis which is significant at 0.05 level. The results of the research offered the development of enhanced learning guide tailored-fit to the needs of the learners in overcoming difficulties in MIL
Effectiveness of Project VIDEO-L (Video Integration in Developing and Enhancing Learning)
Get PDFDuring the pandemic, video lessons have been a powerful tool as an alternative learning modality for learners. This somehow helped learners to focus and learn. Now, videos are still used as reinforcement and enhancement tools in teaching the lessons. The study investigated the effectiveness of Project VIDEO- L or Video Integration in Developing and Enhancing of Literacy. The study answered how the learners performed before and after exposure to the video materials. A pretest was administered to have baseline data. Before discussing the main lesson, the said videos to prepare the learners. At the end of the implementation period, the posttest was administered to know how the integration of the videos became effective in the understanding of the lessons. According to the total mean results of the pretest and posttest, there was improvement on the part of the learners. The mean for the pretest was only at 11.58. During the posttest, it went up to 23.38. Considering the mean differences per competencies, it can be implied that the study showed a significant difference. Based on the results, it has given the learners increased motivation, more focus, enjoyment, better participation rate, and improved understanding of the lessons as shown on the formative assessments done every after the lessons
Kain Na! The Aesthetic Experience of Filipino Food as a Practical Cultural Heritage (Pamana)
Get PDFKain na! Mangaon ta! or Kaon ta! is a typical Filipino phrase inviting others to eat—an everyday gesture, seemingly ordinary yet reflecting deep Filipino cultural identity. In an era of rapidly evolving AI, concerns arise over cultural homogenization and the amplification of biases, prompting UNESCO to call for ethical stewardship of cultural heritage. This study emphasizes food as a vital yet often underappreciated medium of cultural transmission. Preserving Filipino food is essential to sustaining national identity. Although AI can perform complex operations, it cannot replicate the uniquely human aesthetic experience of food. Filipino food, therefore, stands as cultural heritage or pamana (legacy) in the face of global change. Drawing from Carolyn Korsmeyer’s philosophy of food and Nelson Goodman’s symbol theory in art, this paper critiques Western frameworks that undervalue food’s aesthetic meaning. While Korsmeyer focused on taste, this study broadened the scope by integrating the “chemical senses”—alongside sight and sound—to affirm the multisensory aesthetics of food. Flavor is presented not as a purely subjective experience but as a cultural signifier embedded in history, geography, and tradition. Filipino cuisine is positioned as a dynamic expression of identity, rich with symbolic meaning. Despite this, food’s role in cultural education is often overlooked. This paper calls for its intentional inclusion in curricula to foster cultural literacy and ensure intergenerational continuity of Filipino food heritage
Strand-Based Instructional Materials in Reading and Writing Skills
Get PDFThe senior high school curriculum provided Reading and Writing Skills as a core subject to help the students be ready to have disciplinary literacy once they enroll in their specialized subjects. However, there are no prepared instructional materials in the subject and most of the time, the teachers in the subject prepare on their own without realizing the need to connect the subject to the learning competencies and performance standards of the students in the specialized subjects. This research aimed to provide aid to the Reading and Writing Skills teachers and students to discover and bring out the relevance of the subject to their strands. This study aimed at helping teachers and students in Reading and Writing Skills bring out the relevance of the subject to the strands of the students. This research was developed to help improve students’ skill in reading and writing in different discipline contexts which is one of the most important tasks to be able to comprehend different texts in the specialized subjects of the students. The steps of this research and development consist of collection of data that focused on the perceptions of grade 11 students regarding the use of discipline contexts in Reading and Writing Skills and the level of relevance of Reading and Writing Skills to the performance standards of the discipline contexts of each strand of the grade 11 students of the second trimester of the School Year 2019-2020 of the University of the Cordilleras Senior High School