Asian Multicultural Research Studies (AMRS)
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Social, Political, and Cultural Discourse in the Movie Gadis Kretek: A Critical Discourse Analysis by Ruth Wodak
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the representation of social, political, and cultural discourse in the film Gadis Kretek using the Discourse-Historical Approach (DHA) developed by Ruth Wodak. This film not only presents a fictional story, but also reflects the historical conditions and socio-political dynamics of Indonesia, especially related to issues of gender inequality, class conflict, political repression, and cultural identity. This research is a qualitative study using the critical discourse analysis method. The DHA approach is used to examine the relationship between text, socio-historical context, and discourse practices. Data were collected through observation of film narratives, dialogues between characters, and visual elements containing ideological representations. The results of the study show that the film Gadis Kretek contains various discourses that reflect the reality of Indonesian society. Social discourse is seen in the representation of gender inequality and class relations. Political discourse is present through the depiction of state repression, historical silencing, and past trauma. Cultural discourse is reflected in the symbol of kretek, traditional values, and the struggle for meaning in forming a national identity. Through these three realms of discourse, this film reveals how power, ideology, and identity are reproduced and negotiated through cultural media. This study concludes that Gadis Kretek is a critical and reflective cultural text, which can be used as a tool to understand the dynamics of discourse in Indonesian society. In addition, this study also shows the effectiveness of the DHA approach in analyzing popular cultural texts that are full of socio-political and historical meanings
Product Evaluation of the Voter List Update Policy in Gorontalo Regency
Full text linkAccurate voter data is fundamental to the integrity of democratic elections, ensuring public participation and supporting governance quality. In Gorontalo Regency, Indonesia, the 2020 Regional Elections revealed challenges in the voter list updating process conducted through Matching and Research (Coklit), affecting data validity and electoral outcomes. This study evaluates the product of the voter list updating policy in Gorontalo Regency, emphasizing the achievement of program objectives, data accuracy, public satisfaction, and democratic impact. A qualitative descriptive approach was employed. Data were collected via direct observation, in-depth interviews with voter list updating officers, election supervisors, and official documents from the General Elections Commission (KPU) and Elections Supervisory Agency (Bawaslu). Analysis utilized the CIPP evaluation model, focusing on the product component to assess effectiveness, impact, sustainability, and adaptability of the voter list updating process. Findings indicate that the voter list updating policy’s product remains suboptimal. Discrepancies existed between the Voter List (DPT) published by KPU and Bawaslu findings, including unregistered voters and unrecorded data changes. These inaccuracies contributed to public dissatisfaction and reduced voter participation. Product evaluation also highlighted gaps in operational mechanisms, inter-official coordination, and the underutilization of information technology, suggesting areas for strategic improvement. This study underscores the necessity of systematic evaluation of voter list updating policies to strengthen electoral accuracy, enhance local democracy, and guide decision-making for future policy refinements. Implementing technological solutions and improving procedural coordination are recommended to achieve more reliable, transparent, and participatory voter list management in subsequent elections
The Effect of Debt Policy, Dividend Policy, and Investment Decisions on Firm Value with Profitability as an Intervening Variable on the JII70 Index for the 2022-2024 Period
Full text linkFirm value is an important indicator for assessing a company's success and prospects in the market. For companies registered with the JII70 (Indonesian Islamic Association of Indonesia) (JII70), firm value has a strategic dimension because, in addition to being required to demonstrate good financial performance, companies must also comply with sharia principles. Financial policies such as debt policy, dividend policy, and investment decisions are factors that can influence firm value, while profitability acts as an intervening variable that strengthens this relationship. This study uses a quantitative method with an associative research type to analyze the relationship between variables. Data were obtained through documentary studies using the financial statements of JII70 companies for the 2022–2024 period. The sampling technique used a non-probability method with purposive sampling. Analysis was carried out using correlation coefficient tests, coefficient of determination, simultaneous tests (F), and partial tests (t). The results of the correlation test indicate that debt policy, dividend policy, and investment decisions have a strong relationship with profitability (R = 0.038) and firm value through profitability (R = 0.679). The coefficient of determination shows that the three independent variables influence profitability by 5.1% and influence firm value through profitability by 46.2%. Simultaneous testing showed that the three policies had no significant effect on profitability, but did significantly influence firm value, with profitability as an intervening variable. Partially, all three variables significantly influenced both profitability and firm value. Debt policy, dividend policy, and investment decisions were shown to contribute significantly to firm value when mediated by profitability. Therefore, management needs to consider effective financial policy integration to enhance Sharia-compliant firm value
Pastoral Leadership as a Catalyst in Strengthening the Organizational Culture–Performance Link: The Mediating Role of Organizational Commitment in West Kalimantan Credit Unions
Full text linkThis study investigates the influence of organizational culture on employee performance in the cooperative financial sector, incorporating organizational commitment as a mediator and pastoral leadership as a moderator. The research was conducted among 317 employees from selected Credit Unions in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, using a quantitative survey approach. Data were analyzed with WarpPLS 7.0, following a two-step evaluation of the measurement and structural models. The findings reveal that organizational culture exerts a strong positive effect on organizational commitment (β = 0.655, p < 0.001) and a moderate positive effect on employee performance (β = 0.296, p < 0.001). Organizational commitment significantly enhances employee performance (β = 0.468, p < 0.001) and partially mediates the relationship between culture and performance (indirect effect β = 0.306, p < 0.001). Furthermore, pastoral leadership strengthens the culture–performance link through a positive and significant moderating effect (β = 0.136, p = 0.007). The model demonstrates satisfactory explanatory power (R² = 0.429 for commitment; R² = 0.473 for performance) and predictive relevance (Q² = 0.431 and Q² = 0.566, respectively), with a large overall goodness-of-fit (GoF = 0.557). These results emphasize the strategic importance of aligning organizational culture with pastoral leadership principles to foster employee commitment and drive sustainable performance in cooperative institutions. The study offers theoretical contributions to the literature on organizational behavior in values-based organizations and practical implications for leaders seeking to strengthen cultural cohesion, moral stewardship, and operational effectiveness
Relationship Between Contract Change Orders in Construction Projects with Project Performance and Client Satisfaction
Full text linkPoorly managed Contract Change Order (CCO) have the potential to reduce project performance, which in turn can impact client satisfaction. This study aims to analyze the dominant factors causing CCOs in construction projects, as well as to analyze the relationships between CCO, project performance, and client satisfaction in private projects in Badung Regency. The research was conducted by distributing questionnaires to 30 respondents owning private building construction projects that experienced CCOs in Badung Regency during the 2022–2024 fiscal years. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analyzed using the Relative Importance Index (RII) method to determine the dominant factors, and the Structural Equation Modeling method based on Partial Least Squares SEM-PLS methods to assess the relationships between variables. The dominant factors causing CCOs in includes the changes in the scope or volume of work by the client, changes in design or material specifications by the client, changes in project implementation duration by the client, lack of details and specifications in design drawings by the consultant, and disruptions to the project caused by unfavorable natural conditions.
Based on SEM-PLS analysis, it was found that CCOs have a negative and significant relationship with both project performance and client satisfaction. This means that the higher the CCO value, the lower the project performance and client satisfaction. Project performance has a positive and significant relationship with client satisfaction and acts as a partial mediator with VAF value of 45%. This indicates that higher project performance leads to increased client satisfaction
Risk Management on Villa Rodrigo Construction Project
Full text linkVilla Rodrigo is one of the private ownership projects built in an environmentally friendly area that indicates the existence of risk factors that can affect project implementation. The risks that occur in this project, among others, are the result of the project owner who is less capable about the project, the existence of regulations related to the implementation of construction that applies in the project development area, and changes in design and material specifications during implementation. The research aims to identify risks, assess and determine the level of risk acceptance, determine dominant risks, mitigate risks and determine risk ownership. The research used a qualitative descriptive method. Data collection was carried out by brainstorming, interviews, and distributing questionnaires to respondents. The number of respondents was 17 people and selected by purposive sampling. The results showed there were 21 dominant risk identifications consisting of 8 unacceptable risks and 13 undesirable risks. One of these risks is that the project owner is not capable of the project so that it is difficult to communicate and coordinate project work. Mitigation actions taken for these risks are to conduct regular coordination with the owner regarding decisions that must be made before the work schedule is carried out, avoid excessive use of technical language by using language that is easily understood by all parties and, document all meetings, important decisions, and changes that occur in the project. Allocation of risk ownership is mostly the responsibility of the contractor because it is related to project implementation
Emerging Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns among Uropathogens in Baghdad
Full text linkUrinary tract infections (UTIs) are a common bacterial illness worldwide, but rising antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a therapeutic issue. Iraq lacks current local data on UTI-causing pathogens and their resistance patterns. The aim of this research is to examine the progression of uropathogens isolated from urine samples in Baghdad and assess their antibiotic susceptibility profiles. Between May 2023 and December 2024 in Baghdad gathered a total of 163 urine samples. Standard microbiological techniques were used to identify isolates, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out in accordance with CLSI guidelines. Escherichia coli was the most common isolate (64.4%), followed by Klebsiella pneumoniae (14.1%), Enterococcus faecalis (11.0%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (9.2%). Beta-lactams and fluoroquinolones showed high resistance, although carbapenems and Amikacin were still effective. There was no statistically significant relationship detected between gender and pathogen type (p > 0.05). The data reveal the worrying levels of resistance to common uropathogens in Baghdad, emphasizing the importance of culture-based treatment and national AMR surveillance
Renewed Conflicts in the Middle East (Dynamics and Transformations)
Full text linkThe Middle East is witnessing a wave of renewed conflicts that are no longer the traditional form of interstate conflict. Rather, they have evolved into more complex and fragmented forms due to multiple factors, including the disintegration of the nation-state, the rise of non-state actors, and increasing regional and international interventions. This study examines the new dynamics governing these conflicts, analyzing the shift in the nature of actors from states to militias and transnational groups, as well as the shift in the tools of conflict, which have shifted from regular wars to asymmetric and proxy wars. The study also discusses the role of major powers such as the United States, Russia, and China in reshaping the contours of conflict in the region, and anticipates future scenarios in light of global geopolitical transformations. The study aims to gain a deeper understanding of the structure of modern conflict, exploring the opportunities for settlement, and the potential risks if comprehensive political solutions continue to be absent
Converso: Chat App with Live Video Sharing and AI Chat Bot
Full text linkInternet communication is now an integrated part of daily life with lots of communications related applications in computer systems. The proposed mobile communication application, named Converso, is an Android chatting application for real-time text chat with additional features like the live streaming and an artificial intelligence-based chatbot. Java is used in developing the back end of the application while XML has been used for the design aspect of the application. The application makes use of Firebase as the data storage as well as data synchronization solution. In this paper, the author describing the process of devising of Converso and its purpose of offering cost effective rapid communication channel for business promotions and education get Total: The paper focuses on describing the creation of Converso and indicating the main purpose of the creation of the service. Furthermore, it emphasizes the measures taken to safeguard user security within the context of existing trends of mobile communicating technologies
Analysis of Tax Transaction Costs on Taxpayer Compliance: A Public Policy Perspective
Full text linkThe transaction cost is regarded as the combination of field studies it could be from law, economic, and organization. The transaction cost basically is a cost which must be burden to party, in which the transaction is done by them in the world with the unclear information by effect of so many actors doing as opportunism and bounded rationality. The research is aimed to study perception of stakeholder regard to the transaction cost which bears from compliance tax, from the economic perspective of new institutional economic. The factors which are done in this research would be asset specificity, frequency, uncertainty, bureaucracy, search cost, incentive, compliance, filing, law enforcement, and property rights. The method in this research is a survey method. The least of questions, consist of questions which relates to perceptions and factors which related to perception of society upon the transaction cost in compliance tax. The technique taking sample of this research writing is cluster sampling. Based on the result of the research shown that: 1). there is a different perception from the respondent on the variable of asset specificity, bureaucracy, search cost, filing, law enforcement, and property rights and 2) Bureaucracy and incentive have given negative effect to compliance tax Based on the result above, it is strictly need a local act which regulate the clear and certainty of the economic cost, to which the will can be done and which as the tool to enforce the la