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Music therapy for adolescents with a history of childhood trauma: a narrative review and recommendations for practice
Get PDFAdverse childhood experiences (ACEs) are traumatic events that have occurred in childhood that
include physical, sexual, and emotional abuse, as well as household dysfunction, such as parental
divorce, parental incarceration, domestic violence, living with an adult with mental illness, or
having a parent that uses or misuses substances. This original ACE scale has been expanded in
recent years to include more areas of trauma, such as socioeconomic status, medical trauma, peer
isolation or rejection, and community violence. Medical professionals can use this ACE scale to
understand why some people experience certain mental and physical ailments throughout their
lives. Studies have begun emerging to examine the possible effects of music therapy as a
treatment tool for adolescents who have experienced childhood trauma. This narrative review
screened a total of 88 studies and analyzes and synthesizes the results of three existing studies
using music therapy as treatment for this population. The findings suggest that music therapy
shows potential to alleviate the symptoms of childhood trauma during an adolescent’s life.
Keywords: Music therapy, childhood trauma, adverse childhood experiences, adolescentsNASUNY College at New PaltzMusic therapyMSMurphy, KathleenZhang, JingwenStuart-Rohm, Kary
Differences between ON and OFF cortical function in patients with amblyopia
Get PDF"Purpose: Evidence from psychophysical studies indicate that amblyopia affects ON more
than OFF visual pathways. This prospective study aims to directly measure the effect of
amblyopia on cortical responses driven by ON and OFF pathways with visual evoked
potentials (VEPs).
Methods: Adults (18-65 years) with amblyopia (strabismic, anisometropic, mixed, or
deprivational) and control subjects with binocularly normal-corrected vision were
recruited. All subjects were screened with ATS-EDTRS best-corrected visual acuity
(BCVA) and Randot Preschool stereoacuity. To be eligible, amblyopes must have an
interocular difference of ≥2 logMAR (logarithmic minimum angle of resolution) lines,
and controls must have BCVA within 1 logMAR line in both eyes and a stereoacuity of
≤100 arcsec. VEP was recorded with a portable lightweight headset (Wearable Sensing
Inc.) that sampled the visual cortex with 9 dry electrodes. The visual stimuli presented
were checkerboards with half checks equal to the background and half darker or lighter
than the background (100% and 50% contrast, viewed through right eye, left eye, or both
eyes, 900 trials). Eye fixation was monitored with an eye tracker (Eyelink 1000). The
reliability of cortical responses was quantified with a correlation index that selected the
20 stimulus trials generating the strongest responses and measured the average of all
possible correlations between trial pairs.
Results: We tested eight amblyopic subjects and two controls. The average amplitude of
the cortical responses was marginally stronger for the AE than FE, but the difference was
not statistically significant (23.00 ± 4.65 vs. 22.68 ± 5.62 microV, p > 0.05, Wilcoxon
test). Differences in response amplitude between FE and AE were weaker for light than
dark stimuli but also did not reach significance (-0.38 ± 4.81 vs. -0.26 ± 7.22 microV,
p > 0.05, Wilcoxon test). The mean correlation index was larger in the FE than the AE,
but this difference was not statistically significant (0.43 ± 0.20 vs. 0.40 ± 0.22, p > 0.05,
Wilcoxon test). The FE-AE differences in mean correlation index were larger for light
than dark stimuli, but again, the differences did not reach significance (0.09 ± 0.20 vs.
-0.03 ± 0.22, p > 0.05, Wilcoxon Test). Within-subject comparisons in select individuals
revealed variable VEP patterns. Control subjects showed no interocular or ON/OFF
differences, while amblyopic participants displayed mixed results. Some were consistent
with the hypothesis of reduced ON pathway strength in the AE, whereas others showed
the opposite or no difference at all.
Conclusion: While some amblyopes may show ON/OFF pathway asymmetries, these
effects are not consistently observable across all cases. Variability is inherent with VEP
and may limit the ability to detect ON/OFF pathway differences at the group level,
emphasizing the need for individualized analysis in amblyopia research."NASUNY College of OptometryM
Fishy business: A deeper look into NYSDEC fish hatcheries
Get PDFFish hatcheries were originally designed to support conservation and recreation. This internship at the the Chateaugay NY fish hatchery was established to develop myself professionally in my field to gain skills related to professional fishery/wildlife ecologists, network with professionals, and gain a better understanding of the structure and daily tasks that associate with an organization well-suited for my career aims. Working under the supervision of NYS DEC fish biologists, I gained important skills in rearing, processing, and stocking fish. I made connections with DEC employees at Chateaugay Fish Hatchery, as well as local fishers within the community, and DEC pilots. I gained a deeper understanding of how hatcheries operate and the daily routines of fisheries biologists.NASUNY PlattsburghCenter for Earth & Environmental ScienceN/
Gatekeeping as an Online Adjunct Clinical Instructor in Counselor Education
No full textThis interpretative phenomenological analysis study examined how adjunct instructors teaching online clinical counseling courses experienced gatekeeping in the context of the university system. The research question was: How do online, adjunct instructors teaching master’s level clinical counseling courses experience their university interactions as a part of gatekeeping? The participants described five experiential themes. These were: a) Balancing marginalization in the system with advocacy for the profession; b) Maneuvering through dependency on the system in gatekeeping; c) Finding consultation while navigating gatekeeping interactions; d) Managing the intensity of clinical courses; and e) Navigating the steep learning curve of learning how to gatekeep within university systems. The findings suggest multiple implications for counselor education departments utilizing adjunct hires to fill online clinical courses.
Public Significance Statement
Gatekeeping is essential for ensuring that counselors entering the profession are prepared to provide safe, ethical, and effective support. High training standards build trust in the counseling field and strengthen public confidence in mental health care, ultimately benefiting communities by improving access to qualified practitioners. This study found that adjunct clinical instructors face significant challenges in their gatekeeping responsibilities, often due to marginalization within the academic system and a lack of clear guidance and support. Participants highlighted the importance of formalized support systems, such as structured onboarding, mentorship, and consistent communication, to empower adjunct instructors in their gatekeeping effortsVoRSUNY EmpireN/
Obstructive Sleep Apnea is Associated With Increased Rates of Acute Respiratory Failure, Length of Stay, and Hospital Costs in Patients Undergoing Elective Single-Level Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion
Get PDFStudy designRetrospective cohort study.ObjectivesTo examine differences in postoperative complications, recovery course, and costs between patients with and without obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) undergoing single-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF).MethodsThe National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database was queried to identify patients undergoing single-level ACDF between 2016 and 2022. After exclusions, patients were divided into OSA and control groups. Propensity score matching (1:2) controlled for age, sex, obesity, and year of surgery to balance characteristics. Postoperative outcomes, including complications, length of stay (LOS), hospital costs, and discharge disposition, were compared using chi-square tests for categorical variables and t-tests for continuous variables. A Bonferroni correction was applied, with significance set at P < 0.002.ResultsA total of 36,000 matched cases were analyzed (12,000 OSA and 24,000 controls). OSA patients had significantly higher rates of acute respiratory failure (4.7% vs 1.9%; P < 0.001) and mechanical ventilation (1.5% vs 0.6%; P < 0.001). The OSA cohort also had a longer LOS (2.3 vs 1.9 days; P < 0.001), higher hospital costs (21,100; P < 0.001), and greater non-routine discharge rates (20.4% vs 16.8%; P < 0.001).ConclusionsOSA is associated with increased respiratory complications, prolonged LOS, and higher costs in single-level ACDF. These findings underscore the importance of preoperative screening and tailored perioperative management to improve outcomes in this high-risk population.VoRSUNY DownstateOrthopaedic SurgeryN/
Mutagenesis screen to identify novel partners of adhesion regulator Kinase Responsive to Stress B (KrsB) in Dictyostelium discoideum
Get PDFNASUNY OswegoBiological SciencesN/
The ethical foundations of literature: an analysis of the adolescent's relationship to reading
Get PDFThis thesis explores the profound influence of literature on the cognitive and emotional development of adolescents, focusing on how literary engagement shapes both individual identities and collective cultural consciousness. Through an examination of generational differences in early childhood literary relationships, the research investigates how shifting societal contexts affect reading habits and preferences. Additionally, it addresses the implications of book banning and censorship on young minds, analyzing how restricted access to literature can hinder intellectual growth and critical thinking skills. The study further evaluates the high school literature curriculum, assessing its role in shaping student interactions with texts and identifying opportunities for pedagogical enhancement. By employing a mixed-methods approach, including surveys, interviews, and textual analysis, this research aims to highlight the importance of inclusive and diverse literary exposure in fostering a well-rounded education. Ultimately, the findings seek to inform educators and policymakers on the transformative power of literature, advocating for curricular reforms and practices that nurture a lifelong appreciation for reading in the face of contemporary challenges.
Keywords: Adolescence Education, Literature, Adolescence, Reading, Diversity, Curriculum, Banned BooksNASUNY College at New PaltzHonorsN/APaton, FionaDavis-Roberts, Mega