Allegheny College DSpace Repository
Not a member yet
38403 research outputs found
Sort by
Middle school students' moral profile and environmentally friendly behavior
No full textÇocukluk ve ergenlik döneminde şekillenen ahlaki değerlerin, çevresel davranışlarla ilişkisini ortaya koymak çevre eğitimi açısından önemli çıktılar sağlayabilir. Bu kapsamda araştırmanın amacı ortaokul öğrencilerinin ahlaki profilleri ile çevre dostu davranışları arasındaki ilişkileri ortaya çıkarmaktır. Araştırmanın örneklemini Bursa ilinde yer alan beş farklı devlet okulunda öğrenim gören beş, altı, yedi ve sekizinci sınıf düzeyindeki 297 ortaokul öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır. Araştırma kapsamında veri toplama aracı olarak ‘‘Ahlaki Muhakeme ve Çevre Dostu Davranışlar Ölçeği’’ kullanılmıştır. Ahlak profilleri ile çevre dostu davranışların şiddeti ve dağılımı için yüzde, frekans, ortalama ve standart sapma gibi betimsel istatistikler kullanılmıştır. Çevre dostu davranış verileri üzerinde Temel Bileşenler Faktör Analizi yapılmıştır. Ahlak profilleri ANOVA testine alınmış ve davranış temaları açısından ahlak profilleri arasındaki ilişkiler ortaya konmuştur. Çalışmanın sonuçlarına göre, ortaokul öğrencilerinin büyük çoğunluğunun ödev ahlakı profiline sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Çevre dostu davranışlar alt faktörlerinden olan geri dönüşüm faktöründe, fedakârlık ahlak profili lehine bir farklılık ortaya çıkmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarından yola çıkılarak bazı önerilerde bulunulmuştur.The moral values shaped during childhood and adolescence can provide significant insights for environmental education when their relationship with environmental behaviors is revealed. In this context, the aim of the study was to explore the relationships between the moral profiles of middle school students and their environmentally friendly behaviors. The study sample consists of 297 middle school students in grades five, six, seven, and eight, studying at five different public schools in Bursa, Türkiye. Descriptive statistics such as percentage, frequency, mean, and standard deviation were used to analyze the severity and distribution of moral profiles and environmentally friendly behaviors. Principal Components Factor Analysis was conducted on the environmentally friendly behavior data. The moral profiles were analyzed using ANOVA, and the relationships between moral profiles in terms of behavioral themes were identified. According to the results, the majority of middle school students had a duty-based moral profile. A difference was found in the recycling factor, one of the environmentally friendly behavior sub-factors, in favor of the altruism moral profile. Based on the findings, several recommendations were proposed
Evaluation of uniform diffraction behavior from circular apertures on opaque and perfectly conductive surfaces using bdw theories
No full textPurposeThis study presents a unified and comparative analysis of uniform diffraction fields generated by circular apertures on three canonical surface types: opaque, perfectly electric conductive (PEC) and perfectly magnetic conductive (PMC). This study aims to explore how these boundaries influence field uniformity and angular behavior under identical conditions.Design/methodology/approachThe classical boundary diffraction wave (BDW) theory is applied to the opaque case, and an extended BDW formulation is developed for PEC and PMC surfaces to account for reflective effects. Analytical expressions are derived, and numerical simulations are conducted to examine the impact of aperture size and observation distance.FindingsThe results reveal that PEC and PMC surfaces introduce significant modifications to the angular distribution of the diffracted field, including phase reversals and amplitude oscillations. The extended BDW model successfully predicts these behaviors, particularly near shadow boundaries and axial zones.Research limitations/implicationsThe study is limited to idealized geometries and monochromatic wave excitation. It does not yet consider material losses or complex aperture shapes. Future work may expand this framework to more realistic electromagnetic structures.Practical implicationsThe findings can help electromagnetic engineers optimize antenna design, stealth surfaces and metastructures by offering better control over field uniformity and diffraction behavior across different surface types.Social implicationsWhile the work is theoretical, it supports technological development in sectors like communication, defense and sensing, contributing indirectly to infrastructure reliability and performance.Originality/valueTo the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first unified parametric study that simultaneously evaluates opaque, PEC and PMC surfaces using classical and extended BDW approaches. It introduces a novel high-frequency framework for comparing uniform diffraction field behavior across distinct boundary conditions
Does the type and location of activities in children's playgrounds affect the quality of the playground?
No full textThis study aims to evaluate the types of activities suitable for the developmental needs of different age groups in children's playgrounds based on expert opinions and to examine the impact of these activity types and their locations on playground quality. Through the participation of 200 experts from diverse disciplines, including child development, psychology, architecture, landscape architecture, education, and rehabilitation, the types and characteristics of activities required in playgrounds were comprehensively analyzed. Unlike previous studies, which treated activity types, their target age groups, and spatial locations separately, this research adopts an integrated approach. In the study, activities identified through expert input were linked to developmental criteria specific to age groups, and a quantitative evaluation system expressing playground quality was developed, along with a customized experience score. Two different location scenarios, Plan A and Plan B, were compared. The findings indicate that Plan A has a positive influence on playground quality, with higher scores in terms of both interaction and developmental contribution. A key strength of this study lies in its multidisciplinary expert involvement in the combined evaluation of activity selection and spatial organization, as well as in the development of a quantitative scoring system that reflects playground quality. This approach guides designing children's playgrounds that move beyond mere entertainment spaces to become functional and high-quality environments that support the multidimensional development of children across different age groups
Lung function outcomes of cystic fibrosis patients after early-life pulmonary exacerbations: National registry analysis
No full textBackground Pulmonary exacerbations (PEs) are associated with a subsequent decline in lung function. We aim to evaluate lung function in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients with frequent PEs in their first 2 years of age using spirometry at age 6. Methods This retrospective cohort study included CF patients who were 6 years old from the CF registry of Turkey in 2019. According to the number of PEs, patients were classified: those who had two or fewer PEs in the first 2 years of age were defined as Group 1 and those who had more than two PEs were defined as Group 2. The patients' demographics and clinical characteristics were compared between Group 1 and Group 2. Results The study included 88 patients who had data on PE from their first 2 years and completed their sixth year by 2019. Fifty-nine patients were included in Group 1 and 29 in Group 2. The mean percent-predictive FEV1 (ppFEV1), percent-predictive FVC (ppFVC) values, and the mean age at first PE were lower in Group 2 than in Group 1 (p = 0.019, p = 0.017, p < 0.001). The patients with chronic Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) colonization had lower mean ppFEV1 and ppFVC values than those without (p = 0.001, p = 0.001). Patients with PA in respiratory-sample culture during their first PE had lower ppFEV1 and ppFVC values than those with SA (p = 0.046; 0.018). Conclusions This study showed that more frequent PEs in the first 2 years of age and chronic PA colonization were associated with poorer FEV1, FVC, and BMI values in CF patients
Effect of austenitizing heat treatment on microhardness and corrosion resistance of 1.4116 martensitic stainless steel
No full textMartensitic stainless steels are utilized in applications requiring high hardness, low wear, and elevated corrosion resistance. Owing to their high alloying element content, they can be hardened through heat treatment. To achieve the desired mechanical properties and corrosion resistance, heat treatment parameters must be appropriately selected; the ratios of martensite, carbide, and retained austenite in the microstructure should be balanced. In this study, temperature and time parameters in the austenitizing heat treatment of 1.4116 (X50CrMoV15) martensitic stainless steel, commonly used in the knife manufacturing industry, were experimentally investigated to obtain an optimal microstructure, maximum hardness, and high corrosion resistance. Temperature values of 1,000 degrees C, 1,020 degrees C, 1,040 degrees C, 1,080 degrees C, 1,100 degrees C, and 1,120 degrees C, as well as durations of 180 s, 210 s, and 260 s, were examined. At lower temperatures, insufficient hardness was achieved due to incomplete austenite transformation and partial dissolution of carbides. At higher temperatures, grain coarsening and retained austenite formation led to a decrease in hardness. At the optimal temperature of 1,080 degrees C, significant carbide dissolution occurred, complete austenite transformation was achieved, and high-carbon martensite was formed, resulting in maximum hardness. In the time-based experiments, an increase in duration led to a reduction in retained austenite in the microstructure and an increase in hardness. From a corrosion resistance perspective, samples with higher hardness exhibited lower corrosion resistance; however, with increasing duration, corrosion resistance improved due to the activation of diffusion mechanisms.Yesilyayla Cutting Tools Metal Goods and Construction Industry and Trade Co. Ltd.
AR-GE-20-02
Perceptions of intensive care nurses regarding open visitation policy in Turkiye: A qualitative study
No full textObjective: Patients' families cannot stay with their relatives in intensive care units (ICUs). Consequently, patients and patients' families experience many problems such as insomnia, anxiety, depression. Due to these situations, the recovery period of patient is prolonged and the quality of life of patients' relatives is decreased. To prevent these problems, open visiting policy in ICUs is recommended. Open visiting policy gives patients' families the opportunity to visit their relatives at any time. This policy is recommended by studies, but is not widely implemented in T & uuml;rkiye. Some reasons are responsible for not applying this policy. The study was conducted to determine the perceptions of intensive care nurses about an open visitation policy. Methods: The study group consisted of 14 intensive care nurses selected through purposive sampling. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview form, and the interviews were recorded with a voice recorder. Data analysis was performed by content analysis. Results: Based on the research results, "opportunity to feel family presence," "barriers to open visitation," and "facilitators of open visitation" themes were identified. Participants generally evaluated the open visitation policy positively. However, it was noted that certain arrangements were needed for the implementation of open visiting policy. Conclusion: Overall, participants favored open visitation; however, consistent with the literature, successful implementation requires structural (single rooms, privacy), staffing and policy arrangements
Examination of multimodal descrıption in the third grade science textbook
No full textBu araĢtırmada, ilkokul 3. sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitabında kullanılan çoklu modsal betimlemeler incelenmiĢtir. Fen eğitimi, bireylerin bilimsel okuryazarlık kazanmasını, problem çözme ve eleĢtirel düĢünme becerilerini geliĢtirmesini hedefleyen temel bir süreçtir. Bu bağlamda ders kitapları, öğrencilerin bilimsel kavramlarla ilk kez karĢılaĢtıkları ve öğrenme sürecini yönlendiren en önemli öğretim materyallerinden biridir. Modsal betimlemeler (metin, görsel, tablo, grafik, fotoğraf vb.), soyut kavramların somutlaĢtırılmasına, öğrenmenin kalıcılığının artırılmasına ve öğrencilerin bilimsel süreç becerilerini geliĢtirmelerine katkı sağlamaktadır. AraĢtırmanın amacı, öğretim programına uygun olarak hazırlanan 3. sınıf Fen Bilimleri ders kitabındaki modsal betimlemelerin sayısını, çeĢitlerini ve iĢlevsel rollerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu doğrultuda betimlemelerin ünite bazında dağılımı, birlikte kullanım durumları, metinle uyumu, disiplin alanlarına (fizik, kimya, biyoloji) göre dağılımı ve yeterlilik düzeyleri incelenmiĢtir. ÇalıĢmanın önemi, literatürde çoğunlukla ortaokul ve lise düzeyine odaklanan çalıĢmaların aksine, 3. sınıf düzeyinde bütüncül bir inceleme sunmasıdır. Bu yönüyle çalıĢma, fen eğitimi alanında modsal betimlemelerin erken yaĢlarda öğrenme üzerindeki etkilerini ortaya koyarak alanyazına katkı sağlamaktadır. AraĢtırma, 2024–2025 eğitim-öğretim yılında MEB tarafından okutulan SDR Dikey Yayıncılık 3. sınıf fen bilimleri ders kitabı ile sınırlıdır.This study examines the use of multimodal representations in the 3rd grade Science textbook. Science education is a fundamental process that aims to foster scientific literacy, problemsolving, and critical thinking skills. In this context, textbooks are the primary instructional materials through which students encounter scientific concepts for the first time and structure their learning processes. Multimodal representations (texts, visuals, tables, graphs, photographs, etc.) contribute to the concretization of abstract concepts, enhance the permanence of learning, and support the development of students‟ scientific process skills. The purpose of this research is to identify the number, types, and functional roles of multimodal representations in the 3rd grade Science textbook prepared in accordance with the curriculum. Accordingly, the study investigates their distribution across units, co-occurrence patterns, relationship with textual content, disciplinary distribution (physics, chemistry, biology), and adequacy levels. The significance of the study lies in its comprehensive analysis at the 3rd grade level, whereas most previous research has focused on middle and high school textbooks. Thus, this research contributes to the literature by highlighting the role of multimodal representations in early science education and their impact on learning. The study is limited to the 3rd grade Science textbook published by SDR Dikey Yayıncılık and taught nationwide in Turkey during the 2024–2025 academic year
Vascular access for hemodialysis and catheter-related bloodstream infections: A survey on preventive measures and treatment strategies by the epdwg and espn dialysis working group
No full textThe choice of vascular access (VA) plays a key role in the success of hemodialysis (HD). Despite their widespread use, central venous catheters (CVCs) are associated with higher rates of dysfunction, thrombosis, and catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI). We investigated current practices in pediatric HD across European pediatric nephrology centers, focusing on VA choices, infection control measures, and CRBSI management. An online questionnaire was e-mailed to 119 members of the European Society for Pediatric Nephrology (ESPN) Dialysis Working Group and European Pediatric Dialysis Working Group (EPDWG). Descriptive statistics were used to summarize practices across centers, comparative analyses between centers in countries with Human Development Index (HDI) > 0.90 and < 0.90. Thirty-one centers across Europe participated in the survey. CVCs were the primary VA in 73.1% of the centers. Twenty (66.7%) centers reported malfunction as the most common CVC complication, followed by catheter thrombosis (19.4%) and CRBSI (12.9%). The diagnostic approach for CRBSI varied widely, with 35.4% of centers relying on a single positive catheter culture, while 57.9% did not collect a second culture from the peripheral vein or HD circuit. The most common empirical treatment was glycopeptides combined with third-generation cephalosporins. Nearly all centers used intravenous antibiotics for less than 3 weeks, and over half modified lock solutions with antibiotics following CRBSI diagnosis. Catheter removal practices were inconsistent, even in cases of severe infection. Centers reported a total of 548 HD patients. Exit-site infections and CRBSI were observed in 98 (17.8%) and 155 (28.2%) patients, respectively. CRBSI rates and CRBSI-related catheter replacements were significantly higher in centers from countries with HDI < 0.90 and in centers without a dedicated pediatric HD unit. Conclusion: The suboptimal adherence to current VA recommendations and wide variability in catheter care practices including the prevention, diagnosis, and management of CRBSI highlight the need for standardized pediatric-specific protocols to enhance catheter longevity and improve patient outcomes. What is Known: center dot Central venous catheters are widely used in pediatric hemodialysis but carry a high risk of complications, especially catheter-related bloodstream infections (CRBSI). What is New: center dot This multinational survey reveals significant variability in vascular access selection, CRBSI prevention, diagnosis, and treatment across European pediatric hemodialysis centers, with clear disparities by national HDI levels. center dot The findings highlight the need for standardization of vascular access care and CRBSI management and evidence-based pediatric-specific guidelines.Gazi Üniversites