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-Yazar Tespit Edilemedi-Prevalence of demodex folliculorum in a university-based population
No full textClinical relevance: The multifactorial aspect of dry eye disease remains challenging. Demodex folliculorum, a common ectoparasite on human eyelashes, may impact eye conditions such as blepharitis which can be a contributor to dry eye disease. Exploring risk factors for Demodex helps to raise awareness for early detection potentially improving ocular health. Background: Demodex folliculorum found on eyelashes can cause blepharitis. Its gelatinous debris at the base of the lashes, termed cylindrical dandruff is often associated with ocular itching. This study examined the prevalence of Demodex in a University population and assessed its relationship to symptoms of dry eye and itching. Methods: Visual acuity, dry eye questionnaire (OSDI), non-invasive break up time (NIBUT), meibography, and slit-lamp examination were measured. When cylindrical dandruff was observed, lateral tension was exerted on two eyelashes to identify Demodex tails. Mann-Whitney tests were applied for comparisons, logistic regressions were applied to determine relationships, and chi-square, Fisher's exact test and Spearman correlation tests determined associations. Results: Of the 101 participants (mean age: 28 +/- 12, range: 19-68 years, 90 females), 20% had dry eye (OSDI score >= 13 and NIBUT < 10 sec). Demodex tails/lash were significantly more prevalent in the upper (44%) compared with the lower eyelids (19%). Anterior blepharitis and cylindrical dandruff were significantly correlated with Demodex. Ocular itching (prevalence: 39%) was significantly associated with presence of Demodex only for the upper eyelids (p = 0.02). UODS was positively correlated (p < 0.001) with Demodex, cylindrical dandruff and anterior blepharitis. Conclusions: There was a relatively high prevalence of Demodex among a university population. The prevalence of Demodex was not significantly different in those diagnosed with dry eye. Cylindrical dandruff and anterior blepharitis were significantly associated with the presence of Demodex, while itching was associated with presence of Demodex only for the upper eyelids. The UODS can be a valuable tool to add in future Demodex studies
Efficacy of azathioprine in reducing recurrence in idiopathic granulomatous mastitis
No full textIdiopathic granulomatous mastitis (IGM) is an immune-mediated inflammatory breast disease presenting significant treatment challenges due to its varied symptoms and lack of standardized guidelines. This study aims to evaluate the efficacy and safety of immunosuppressive modalities, including corticosteroids (CS) and immunosuppressive agents such as methotrexate (MTX) and azathioprine (AZA), in managing IGM, with a focus on recurrence rates and treatment outcomes. We conducted a retrospective analysis of 505 female patients diagnosed with IGM at the Bursa Uludag University Breast Surgery Clinic between January 2011 and December 2022. Patients received various treatments, including observation, CS therapy, MTX, AZA, and surgical interventions when necessary. Recurrence rates among different therapy groups were compared using chi-square tests, with Bonferroni correction applied for multiple comparisons. Of the total patients, 29.7% received first-line conservative therapy, while 70.3% required second or third-line immunosuppressive treatments. Among those who received immunosuppressive therapy (n = 355), CS therapy alone had the highest recurrence rate at 28.8%. The addition of MTX reduced the recurrence rate to 19.8%, but this reduction was not statistically significant (p = 0.143). AZA therapy significantly lowered recurrence rates, both when used alone (4.7%) and in combination with CS (9.1%) (p < 0.005). Patients treated with a combination of MTX and AZA had a recurrence rate of 4.8%. Overall, there were significant differences in recurrence rates among the therapy groups (chi(2) (4, N = 352) = 25.58, p < 0.001). AZA, whether used alone or in conjunction with other immunosuppressive agents, effectively reduces recurrence rates in IGM patients. These results support its use as an alternative to CS therapy in tailored treatment plans
Flood risk analysis based GIS in the small basin: Instance of Bursa province İnegöl district Kalburt Creek
No full textCoğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) yeryüzünde yer alan bölgeler, coğrafi varlıklar ile bu alanlarda meydana gelen olay ve faaliyetlere ilişkin, niteliksel ve niceliksel ve konum verilerinin entegrasyonunu sağlayarak analiz, değerlendirme ve çözüm üretimi sunan bilgisayar tabanlı sistemdir. Gün geçtikçe günlük yaşam ve yaşamsal faaliyetlerde daha çok var olmaya başlayan CBS, doğal afet tahmin, tespit ve tedbir çalışmalarında süreci kolaylaştırıcı ve hızlandırıcı bir rol üstlenmektedir. Bu çalışmada Bursa İli İnegöl İlçe sınırlarında yer alan Kalburt Deresi’nin taşkın riski Coğrafi Bilgi Sistemleri (CBS) desteğiyle analiz edilmiştir. Çalışma kapsamında Kalburt Deresi dört farklı yöntem ile değerlendirilmiştir; Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS), HEC-RAS hidrolik modelleme, hidrolojik ve morfometrik analizler. Analiz sürecinde AHS yöntemi kapsamında kullanılan coğrafi faktörlerin değerlendirilmesi ve hidroloji analizleri ArcMap 10.2.2 CBS yazılımı aracılığıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Dereye ilişkin hidrolik modelleme ise HEC-RAS 6.5 yazılımı kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Morfometrik analiz hesaplamaları ile AHS yöntemine ilişkin hesaplamalar Microsoft Office Excel programı aracılığıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada sonucunda Kalburt Deresine ait iki farklı yöntemle taşkın risk haritaları oluşturulmuştur. Bu haritalardan ilki, Çok Kriterli Karar Verme Tekniklerinden biri olan (ÇKKV) Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHS) metodu ile, diğeri ise HEC-RAS hidrolik modelleme kullanılarak oluşturulmuştur. Elde edilen analiz sonuçları, kullanılan yöntemlerin birbiriyle uyumlu ve tutarlı çıktılar verdiğini göstermektedir. Her iki yöntemle üretilen taşkın risk haritaları taşkın riski altında olan alanları göstermektedir. Sonuç olarak bu çalışma Kalburt Deresi özelinde gerçekleştirilecek taşkın kontrolü ve ıslah projeleri için bilimsel temelli ve karar verme süreçlerine katkı sunabilecek nitelikte veriler sunmaktadır.Geographic Information System is computer based system that serves analysis, evaluation and solution production by supplying quantative and qualitative integration releated with areas located on the earth, geographic entities and incidents occured and activities on this areas.The GIS which are becoming more and more in daily life and daily life activities, plays a facilitator and accelerator role at forecasting, detecting and precaution works of natural disaster. In this study, flood risk analysis of Kalburt Stream, that is located in Bursa Province, İnegöl District boundaries, has been carried out with GIS support. Kalburt Stream is evaluated with four different methods; Analytic Hierrarchy Process (AHP), HEC-RAS hydroulic modelling, hydrologic and morphometric analysis. During the process, geographic factors analysis used in AHP method and hydroulic analysis carried out through ArcMap 10.2.2 GIS software. Kalburt Stream’s hydroulic modelling is generated with HEC-RAS 6.5 software and calculations of morphometric analysis and AHP method carried out in the Microsoft Office Excel programme. End of the study,there are two different flood risk maps are created with two different analysis method. First of this maps is generated with AHP,one of the Multi Criteria Decision Making methods, other is generated with HEC-RAS hydroulic modelling. Obtained analysis method shows that the used methods are in this study gave consistent and competible outputs with each other. Both of maps generated two different methods, displays areas under the flood risk. As a consequence, this study is offering scientific based and contributing decision making process qualified datas for flood control and reclaim projects for which will be carried out specially in Kalburt Stream
Topluluk ve bireysel yansıtıcı videoların öğretmen özerkliğine etkilerinin incelenmesi: Tamamen boylamsal karma yöntemler çalışması
No full textThis study examined how two modes of video-based reflective practice relate to preservice English language teachers’ autonomy across three waves, alongside what teachers noticed and said in reflections and focus-group interviews. Preservice participants were organized into two experimental cohorts (community n = 5; individual n = 5) and a control cohort (n = 40), in a quasi-experimental design where reflective sessions functioned as the intervention. The quantitative strand used the perceived teacher autonomy scale at three time points; the qualitative strand comprised 40 reflection videos with guided, time-stamped questions and two focus-group interviews per experimental cohort. In the quantitative strand, nonparametric longitudinal models with rank-based effect sizes assessed the effects of intervention. Results showed a significant main effect of time, scores tended to rise by the third wave across conditions. Qualitatively, individual reflections were dominated by technical and practical reasoning, with targeted micro-revisions and lesson-design tweaks. Collaborative reflections also centered on technical/practical craft but sustained a clearer critical current, repeatedly surfacing equity, representation/naming, and voice. In focus-groups, individual participants described gains in instructional clarity, strategic L1/L2 use, and confidence through selfassessment, crediting time-stamped prompts for directing disciplined analysis. Collaborative participants emphasized the third-eye value of video, prompts as analytic anchors, and a trustbased community that broadened repertoires and supported, rather than constrained, professional autonomy. Taken together, the study documents time-linked gains in collaborative attitude at scale, while showing that guided video analysis helps preservice teachers refine technical/practical craft in both modes and, in collaborative settings, more often extends into critical attention to equity and representation.Bu çalışma, üç ölçüm dalgası boyunca "k" tür video temelli yansıtıcı uygulamanın İngilizce öğretmen adaylarının özerkliğiyle ilişkisini, ayrıca öğretmenlerin yansıtma ve odak grup görüşmelerinde neye dikkat ettiklerini ve neler söylediklerini incelemiştir. Öğretmen adayları, yansıtma uygulamasının müdahale işlevi gördüğü yarı-deneysel bir desende, iki deney grubuna (topluluk n = 5; bireysel n = 5) ve bir kontrol grubuna (n = 40) ayrılmıştır. Nicel boyutta, üç zaman noktasında algılanan öğretmen özerkliği ölçeği kullanılmış; nitel boyutta ise yönlendirilmiş, zaman damgalı sorularla 40 yansıtıcı video ve her deney grubu için iki odak grup görüşmesi gerçekleştirilmiştir. Nicel bölümde, sıralamaya dayalı etki büyüklükleriyle parametrik olmayan boylamsal modeller müdahalenin etkisini ölçmüştür. Sonuçlar, zamanın anlamlı bir ana etki olduğunu göstermiş, puanların üçüncü ölçüm dalgasında tüm koşullarda yükselme eğilimi gösterdiği belirlenmiştir. Nitel olarak, bireysel yansıtmalarda teknik ve uygulamalı gerekçelendirmeler (yönerge netliği, modelleme, geçişler, tempo) baskın olmuş; küçük ölçekli ders tasarımı değişiklikleri ve mikro düzeltmeler yapıldığını göstermiştir. Topluluk yansıtımları da teknik/uygulamaya odaklanmış, ancak eşitlik, temsiliyet/adlandırma ve ses konularını tekrar tekrar gündeme getirerek daha belirgin bir eleştirel yön taşımıştır. Odak grup görüşmelerinde bireysel katılımcılar, öğretim netliği, stratejik L1/L2 kullanımı ve öz değerlendirme yoluyla özgüven artışı yaşadıklarını, zaman damgalı soruların analizi disipline ettiğini belirtmiştir. Topluluk katılımcıları ise videonun üçüncü göz değerini, soruların analitik dayanak olmasını ve profesyonel özerkliklerini kısıtlamayan güvene dayalı bir topluluğu vurgulamışlardır. Genel olarak çalışma, zamanla iş birliğine dayalı tutumda artış olduğunu ve yönlendirilmiş video analizinin her iki biçimde de teknik/uygulamalı becerileri geliştirdiğini, topluluk bağlamında ise eleştirel farkındalığı daha fazla teşvik ettiğini ortaya koymaktadır
Special education teachers’ experiences regarding the leisure time skills of students with developmental disabilities
No full textBu araştırmanın amacı, gelişimsel yetersizliği olan öğrencilerin sınıf içinde, öğle arası ve teneffüs zamanlarındaki serbest zaman kullanımı ile ilgili özel eğitim öğretmenlerinin görüşlerini, deneyimlerini ve önerilerini ortaya koymaktır. Bu amaç doğrultusunda nitel araştırma desenlerinden fenomenolojik desen kullanılmıştır. Bu kapsamda araştırmaya katılan özel eğitim öğretmenleri ile yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmeler gerçekleştirilerek veri toplanmıştır. Araştırmaya Milli Eğitim Bakanlığına bağlı özel eğitim okul ve sınıflarında görev yapmakta olan 10 özel eğitim öğretmeni katılmıştır. Araştırmanın katılımcı seçimi amaçlı örnekleme çeşitlerinden ölçüt örnekleme ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırma bulgularına göre, özel eğitim öğretmenleri sınıf içinde ve sınıf dışında gelişimsel yetersizliği olan öğrenciler için çeşitli serbest zaman etkinliklerine yer vermektedirler. Bununla birlikte öğretmenler serbest zaman becerilerinin müfredatta daha fazla yer alması gerektiğini düşünmektedirler. Öğretmenler serbest zaman etkinliklerinin çoğunluğunu kendilerinin planlayıp uyguladıklarını belirtmekle beraber serbest zaman etkinlikleriyle ilgili destekleri daha çok branş öğretmenlerinden aldıklarını belirtmişlerdir. Öğretmenlerin serbest zaman becerilerini öğretirken ve serbest zaman etkinliklerini gerçekleştirirken Milli Eğitim Bakanlığından, okul yönetiminden ve ailelerden beklentileri bulunmaktadır. Araştırma sonuçlarının özel eğitim alanında çalışan araştırmacılara ve öğretmenlere yol gösterici olması beklenmektedir.The purpose of this research is to explore the opinions, experiences, and suggestions of special education teachers regarding the use of free time by students with developmental disabilities during the classroom activities, lunch breaks and recess periods. To achieve this aim, a phenomenological approach, one of the qualitative research designs, was employed. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews conducted with the special education teachers participating in the study. A total of ten special education teachers working in special education schools and classrooms affiliated with the Ministry of National Education participated in the research. Criterion sampling, a type of purposive sampling, was used to select the participants. According to the findings, special education teachers include various leisure time activities for students with developmental disabilities both inside and outside the classroom. However, they believe that leisure time skills should be given greater emphasis in the curriculum. Although teachers reported that they plan and implement leisure activities themselves, they also indicated that they receive support—primarily from subject-area teachers—for these activities. Teachers expressed specific expectations from the Ministry of National Education, school administrations, and families in the process of teaching and facilitating leisure time skills. The findings of this study are expected to serve as a guide for researchers and teachers working in the field of special education
Neighbors stress sum energy of graphs
No full textIn this article, we introduced the concept of the Neighbors Stress Sum of a vertex and a new matrix for a connected graph G. In this matrix, the sum of the i-th row and the i-th column are both equal to the Neighbors Stress Sum of the i-th vertex. Additionally, we define a new graph energy variant called the Neighbors Stress Sum Energy, denoted as ENSS(G), for a graph G. Further, we established bounds, and characterized the largest eigenvalue of NSS(G)
Kasnakovo’daki (Haskovo Bölgesi, Bulgaristan) “Nympheler ve Aphrodite Kutsal Alanı”ndan taban mozaikleri
No full textThe archaeological excavations over the last 15 years at the site known as the “Sanctuary of the Nymphs and Aphrodite” at the village of Kasnakovo (Haskovo region), led to the discovery of a new buildings, whose rooms were decorated with floor mosaics. The analysis of the results of the research on the architectural complex from the Roman period points with increasing certainty to a rich private villa of a Romanized Thracian family. The two residential buildings were richly decorated with marble facings, frescoes and floor mosaics. The earlier Building A functioned between the mid 2nd and mid 3rd centuries. It was burned and abandoned during the first major Goth`s invasion in Thrace in AD 251. Two of its rooms were heated with hypocaust. The fragments of small and relatively thin tiles found in them, made of colored marbles, allow us to assume that they originated from a destroyed floor mosaic in the opus sectile that covered their floors. Building B has two construction periods. The first coincides in time with the functioning of Building A. The floor mosaic in Room 8 belongs to this period. It is black and white and made in opus tessellatum. After the destruction in the middle of the 3rd century, Building B was enlarged and decorated with new mosaics. Until its final abandonment around AD 324 it had a semicircular courtyard surrounded by a covered portico with a colonnade, a large central room with mosaics, living rooms, a swimming pool and a bathroom with hypocaust. The floor mosaics in Rooms 2 and 12 date from the second period of Building B. Both mosaics are made in opus tessellatum. The patterns in both rooms are geometric, with similar compositions of diamonds and squares on a white background. The colors of the two mosaics are white, blue and red. Their stylistic features and data from archaeological observations show that the mosaics date from the second half of the 3rd century.Son on beş yıldır Haskovo bölgesindeki Kasnakovo köyünde yer alan “Nympheler ve Afrodit Kutsal Alanı” olarak bilinen alanda yürütülen arkeolojik kazılar, taban mozaikleriyle bezenmiş yeni yapıların ortaya çıkarılmasını sağlamıştır. Roma Dönemi’ne ait bu mimari kompleks üzerine yapılan araştırmalar, giderek artan bir kesinlikle, Romanize bir Trak aristokrat ailesine ait zengin bir kırsal villaya işaret etmektedir. İki konut yapısı mermer kaplamalar, freskler ve taban mozaikleri ile zengin biçimde süslenmiştir. Erken evreye ait A Yapısı, İS 2. yüzyıl ortalarından 3. yüzyıl ortalarına kadar kullanılmış, İS 251’de Gotların Trakya’ya düzenlediği ilk büyük akın sırasında yanarak terk edilmiştir. Bu yapının iki odasında hipokaust ısıtma sistemi bulunmaktaydı. Renkli mermerlerden yapılmış, ince ve küçük karo parçaları, opus sectile tekniğinde döşenmiş bir taban mozaiğinin tahrip olmuş olduğuna işaret etmektedir. B Yapısı iki evreden oluşmaktadır. İlk evre, A Yapısı ile eşzamanlıdır ve 8 numaralı odadaki siyah-beyaz opus tessellatum mozaik bu döneme aittir. 3. yüzyıl ortasındaki yıkımın ardından B Yapısı genişletilmiş ve yeni mozaiklerle süslenmiştir. İS 324 civarında tamamen terk edilinceye dek yapı; yarım dairesel planlı, revaklı ve sütun sıralı bir avlu, mozaikli büyük bir merkezî salon, yaşam alanları, bir havuz ve hipokaustlu bir hamam barındırıyordu. 2 ve 12 numaralı odalardaki taban mozaikleri B Yapısı’nın ikinci evresine aittir. Her iki mozaik de opus tessellatum tekniğinde yapılmıştır ve beyaz zemin üzerine elmas ve kare motifli geometrik kompozisyonlar göstermektedir. Mozaiklerin renkleri beyaz, mavi ve kırmızıdır. Stil özellikleri ve arkeolojik gözlemler, bunların 3. yüzyılın ikinci yarısına tarihlendiğini göstermektedir
Happiness across cultures: Considering the relationship between general well-being and hofstede's culture dimensions
No full textThis paper examines the relationships between Hofstede's culture dimensions and happiness at both the country and individual levels. Study 1 was conducted with the scores of 60 countries obtained from open-source datasets. Results indicated that countries with lower collectivism and power distance scores had higher levels of happiness, after controlling for income level. Study 2, a survey-based research, tested the relationships between internalized culture dimensions by Turkish people living in T & uuml;rkiye (n = 312) or Dutch people living in the Netherlands (n = 201) and happiness-related variables. After controlling for demographics, (i) Turkish people with higher long-term orientation, masculinity and power distance scores were more satisfied with their lives; (ii) Turkish people with higher long-term orientation score and lower power distance score had higher psychological well-being; (iii) Turkish people with higher long-term orientation and masculinity scores felt more grateful for the life they have. Additionally, (i) Dutch people with higher long-term orientation score had higher psychological well-being; (ii) Dutch people with lower power distance score felt more grateful for the life they have. The current studies demonstrate that, even after controlling for countries' income level and individuals' demographic characteristics, culture dimensions are associated with happiness at the country level in Study 1 and happiness-related variables at the individual level in Study 2. The results provide meaningful insights and practical implications for policymakers, educators, and mental health professionals who aim to enhance happiness through culturally sensitive approaches and to develop more sustainable social systems
Evaluation of blended approaches in basic first aid teaching: Simulation, flipped classroom and traditional method
No full textWith the increasing use of technology in education, new learning and teaching approaches have begun to emerge. In order to choose an effective teaching method, it has become important to determine students' opinions and satisfaction levels towards these methods. This study aims to determine student evaluations and satisfaction levels towards simulation, flipped classroom, and traditional teaching methods used in teaching "Basic First Aid" courses and the relationship between them. This quasi-experimental study was conducted with 150 university students who took the Basic First Aid course. The data were obtained with the demographic data form, the 'Training Practice Evaluation Form' aiming to evaluate the training method of the students, and the 'Satisfaction with Training Methods Questionnaire' aiming to define the students' satisfaction with the training method. Descriptive and comparative analyses were used to evaluate the data. The mean score of the Training Practice Evaluation Form was 49.97 +/- 13.68 and the mean score of the Satisfaction with Training Methods Questionnaire was 54.55 +/- 16.07. There was no statistical significance between the scales in terms of different teaching methods used. It was determined that the participants evaluated the teaching method used in the Basic First Aid course positively and their satisfaction levels were high
