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Investigation of seventh and eighth grade students' multiple representations transition skills in algebra
No full textBu çalışma yedinci ve sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin çoklu temsiller arası geçiş becerilerini incelemek amacıyla yapılmıştır. Çalışmada nitel araştırma yöntemlerinden öğretim deneyi yöntemi kullanılmıştır. Çalışma Bursa’da bir devlet okulunda yedinci ve sekizinci sınıfa giden 20’şer öğrenci olmak üzere toplam 40 öğrenci ile yapılmıştır. Çalışmada araştırmacı tarafından hazırlanan ‘Temsiller Arası Geçiş Testleri (TAGT-1 ve TAGT-2)’ kullanılmıştır. Her iki TAGT testinde de 4 ana problem ve her problemin diğer üç temsil türüne geçişine uygun olacak şekilde 3 alt sorusu bulunmaktadır. Çalışma TAGT-1 testi, çoklu temsiller öğretimi ve TAGT-2 testi olmak üzere üç aşamada yapılmıştır. Çoklu temsillerin öğretimi sırasında çalışma kâğıtları kullanılmıştır. Kullanılan çalışma kâğıtları sırasıyla sözel ifadeler, cebirsel ifadeler, tablo ile gösterme ve grafik ile gösterme çalışma kâğıtları şeklindedir. Öğretim sırasında aynı zamanda sınıf içerisinde ses kayıtları da yapılmıştır. TAGT-1 ve TAGT-2 testleri ile çalışma kâğıtlarından elde edilen veriler betimsel analizi yöntemiyle analiz edilmiştir. Betimsel analizinin sonucunda TAGT-1 testi ile TAGT-2 testinin doğru cevap sayıları karşılaştırıldığında her iki sınıf düzeyinde de doğru cevap sayılarında artışların olduğu görülmüştür. Çoklu temsil türleriyle ilgili yapılan altı haftalık öğretim yedinci ve sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin çoklu temsil türleri arasındaki geçiş becerilerine katkı sağlamıştır. Ayrıca çoklu temsil türleriyle ilgili yapılan öğretimden sonra sekizinci sınıf öğrencilerinin yedinci sınıf öğrencilerine göre geçiş becerilerinde daha fazla gelişme olmuştur. Çoklu temsillerle ilgili bundan sonraki çalışmalar için; farklı sınıf düzeylerinde, farklı büyüklükteki çalışma gruplarıyla, farklı çoklu temsil türleriyle, matematik derslerinde çoklu temsillerin öğretiminde teknolojinin kullanımı gibi çalışmaların yapılması önerilmektedir.This study was conducted to examine the transition skills between multiple representations of seventh and eighth grade students. Teaching experiment method, one of the qualitative research methods, was used in the study. The study was conducted with a total of 40 students, 20 students each in the seventh and eighth grades at a public school in Bursa. In the study, ‘Transition
Between Representations Tests (TAGT-1 and TAGT-2)’ prepared by the researcher were used. In both TAGT tests, there are 4 main problems and 3 sub-questions in accordance with the transition of each problem to the other three representation types. The study was conducted in three stages: TAGT-1 test, multiple representations instruction and TAGT-2 test. Worksheets were used during the teaching of multiple representations. The worksheets used were verbal expressions, algebraic expressions, tabular representation and graphical representation worksheets, respectively. Audio recordings were also made in the classroom during the instruction. The data obtained from TAGT-1 and TAGT-2 tests and worksheets were analysed by descriptive analysis method. As a result of the descriptive analysis, when the number of correct answers of TAGT-1 test and TAGT-2 test were compared, it was seen that there were increases in the number of correct answers at both grade levels. The six-week instruction on multiple representation types contributed to the transition skills between multiple representation types of seventh and eighth grade students. In addition, after the instruction on multiple representation types, eighth grade students' transition skills improved more than seventh grade students. For future studies on multiple representations, it is recommended to conduct studies at different grade levels, with study groups of different sizes, with different types of multiple representations, and the use of technology in teaching multiple representations in mathematics
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The interplay between five-factor personality traits and ai use motives in turkish pre-service teachers: A canonical correlation analysis
No full textThis study examines the multidimensional interplay between pre-service teachers' Five-Factor Personality Traits and their motivations for using artificial intelligence (AI) through Canonical Correlation Analysis (CCA). While previous research has explored these variables independently, the complex multivariate relationships between personality traits and AI use motives have remained largely unexplored. The sample consisted of 454 undergraduate pre-service teachers. Data were collected using the Five-Factor Personality Traits Inventory and the Questionnaire of AI Use Motives. The analysis included five dimensions of personality traits (extraversion, neuroticism, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) as predictor variables and five dimensions of AI use motives (expectancy, attainment value, utility value, intrinsic value, and cost) as criterion variables. The CCA yielded five functions, with the full model statistically significant (p <.001), explaining 32.6% of the shared variance. The first function was most meaningful, accounting for 26.1% of the variance. Primary contributors among personality traits were openness (rs = 0.83, rs(2) = 0.68), neuroticism (rs = - 0.63, rs(2) = 0.40), and conscientiousness (rs = 0.58, rs(2) = 0.34). For AI use motives, key contributors were attainment value (rs = 0.96, rs(2) = 0.92), cost (rs = - 0.85, rs(2) = 0.72), intrinsic value (rs = 0.84, rs(2) = 0.71), and utility value (rs = 0.80, rs(2) = 0.64). The canonical correlation coefficient (0.51) indicated a moderate relationship between the variable sets. Results revealed that openness was positively associated with intrinsic motivation for AI use, while neuroticism increased perceived costs. These findings suggest that teacher education programs should integrate personality-based AI training-such as creativity modules for open individuals and anxiety-reduction workshops for those high in neuroticism-within their digital pedagogy curriculum
Control and the participation dilemma of artificial intelligence in public administration: An evaluation using conditional probability calculations
No full textAI and algorithms are now affecting daily life, communities, and government structures more than ever before. AI is an advanced information and communication technology tool that can transform both participation within a public administration and the structure of public administration. However, it is critically important to consider the relationship between AI control and participation functions, which has not been adequately addressed in the literature. For this reason, this study evaluates AI control and participation functions in terms of the concept of 'govermentality'. AI, which constitutes the main axis of digitalization today, has begun to make its presence felt in the digital transformation of public administration. This study examines whether AI is more likely to be used to control the governed or to participate in management. The study will use Foucault's concept of 'governmentality', and the related concept of 'control', which Chatterjee, who has made significant contributions to the study of governed politics through Foucault's ideas, sees as a fundamental aspect of governmentality, as a theoretical framework. Political power, or administration, is the agent that can make artificial intelligence the object of digitalization in public administration. However, there is no indication that this state of being a subject will be shared (without struggle) with citizens. Undoubtedly, Foucault emphasizes the possibility of resistance within domination and domination within what is considered freedom. In this context, even the use of AI for control purposes may allow participation (and vice versa). Therefore, within the study, control and participation (control within participation, participation within control) have been shown to influence each other to varying degrees. To illustrate the possible outcomes of this interaction, we applied conditional probability calculations. Within the scope of our study, we found a dramatic difference in favor of control in the probability calculation that is made by expressing control, participation, and the interaction of these two factors in percentage units
Low sirtuin-1 levels are linked to erythropoietin resistance in hemodialysis patients
No full textIntroduction: Erythropoiesis-stimulating agents (ESAs) are widely used to manage anemia in chronic hemodialysis patients. However, some individuals exhibit ESA resistance, and its underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Sirtuin-1 (SIRT1), a key regulator of hypoxia and iron metabolism, may influence ESA responsiveness. This study investigates the relationship between SIRT1 levels and ESA resistance. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 391 chronic hemodialysis patients, including ESA-treated and untreated individuals. ESA responsiveness was assessed using the Erythropoietin Resistance Index (ERI), calculated as weekly body-weight-adjusted ESA dose divided by hemoglobin concentration. Associations between SIRT1 levels, ERI quartiles, and ESA responsiveness were examined. Results: A total of 385 patients were included in the analysis. Serum SIRT1 levels were significantly lower in ESA-treated patients than in untreated individuals. A negative correlation was found between SIRT1 levels and ERI (r = -0.179, p = 50th percentile) had significantly lower SIRT1 levels. Logistic regression indicated that only SIRT1 was significantly associated with high ERI (B = -0.035, p = 0.018). Conclusion: This study examined the relationship between SIRT1 levels and ESA hyporesponsiveness in patients undergoing hemodialysis. The findings demonstrate that lower SIRT1 levels are associated with higher ERI values, suggesting a potential role for SIRT1 in modulating ESA resistance
Sulayhid dynasty in Yemen (1047-1138)
No full textYemen coğrafî özellikleri ve stratejik konumu sayesinde Doğu ve Batı arasında bir köprü olmuş, tarih boyunca birçok devlet ve dinî gruba ev sahipliği yapmıştır. İslâm’ın ortaya çıkışından sonra da Yemen İslâm devletinin bir parçası olarak İslâm medeniyetine katkıda bulunmuştur. Hicrî üçüncü yüzyıldan itibaren Abbasîler’in otoritesini kaybetmesi ve Yemen’in devlet merkezine olan uzaklığı sebebiyle bir isyan merkezi haline gelen bu bölge İsmâilî propaganda faaliyetlerinin yürütüldüğü merkezlerden biri olmuştur. Bu çalışma hicrî beşinci yüzyılda Yemen’de Fâtımîler’e bağlı olarak ortaya çıkan Şiî-İsmâilî yapıdaki Suleyhîler Devleti’nin siyasî, askerî ve dinî tarihini; ayrıca Mısır, Hicaz, Uman ve Hindistan gibi civar bölgeler ile ilişkisini ele almaktadır. Yemen içerisinde kısa süreli de olsa siyasî birliği sağlamaları, yeni şehir ve kaleler inşa ederek bölgede imar faaliyetleri gerçekleştirmeleri Suleyhîler’in Yemen tarihindeki konumlarınını göstermektedir. Suleyhîler Devleti İsmâilî mezhep tarihi içerisinde de önemli bir yer tutmaktadır. Nitekim bu devlet Fâtımîler’in doğu siyasetinde kilit rol oynamış, Fâtımî-İsmâilî nüfuzun civar bölgelerde güçlenmesi adına önemli faaliyetler gerçekleştirmiştir. Ayrıca İsmâilî mezhep Suleyhîler ile Yemen’de en parlak dönemini yaşamış ve devletin son döneminde Seyyide Hürre Ervâ öncülüğünde Fâtımîler ile olan siyasî-dinî bağın kesilerek İsmâilî mezhebin Tayyibiyye kolu Yemen merkezli olarak kurulmuştur. Sonuç olarak bu tez Suleyhîler Devleti’ni farklı yönlerden inceleyerek devletin Yemen ve İsmâilî mezhep tarihindeki yerinin anlaşılmasını sağlamaktadır.Thanks to its geographical features and strategic location, Yemen has served as a bridge between the East and the West, hosting numerous states and religious groups throughout history. Following the advent of Islam, Yemen became a part of the Islamic state and contributed to Islamic civilization. From the third century after Hijra onwards, due to the weakening of Abbasid authority and Yemen’s distance from the central government, the region became a center of rebellion and one of the main hubs for Ismaili da‘wa activities. This study examines the political, military, and religious history of the Sulayhid dynasty, a Shi‘i-Ismaili state that emerged in Yemen in the 5th century after Hijra under the patronage of the Fatimids. It also explores the dynasty’s relations with neighboring regions such as Egypt, the Hejaz, Oman, and India. Although short-lived, their success in establishing political unity within Yemen, along with their construction of new cities and fortresses, demonstrates the Sulayhids’ significant role in the history of the region. The Sulayhid dynasty also holds an important place in the history of the Ismaili sect. Indeed, the state played a key role in the Fatimid eastern policy and carried out significant activities to strengthen Fatimid- Ismaili influence in the surrounding regions. In conclusion, this thesis examines the Sulayhid dynasty from various perspectives, aiming to clarify the state's position in the history of Yemen and the Ismaili sect
Comparative assessment of minerals, heavy metal content and microbiological quality of microalgae cultivated with broiler house exhaust air
No full textMicroalgae present a sustainable solution for food and feed production due to their rich nutrient content while mitigating environmental impacts from conventional agriculture. However, their use in animal nutrition requires compliance with safety and nutritional standards. This study evaluated trace metals, heavy metals, and microbiological quality in three microalgae species (Ankistrodesmus sp., Scenedesmus sp., and Synechococcaceae) cultivated in three media (BBM, nitrogen-free BBM, and DI-water) using broiler house exhaust air. The algal biomass were analyzed for mineral and heavy metal by atomic absorption spectrophotometry, and for microbiological load including total mesophilic aerobic bacteria, total Coliform sp. and mold and yeast (cfu/g). Results showed Ankistrodesmus sp. accumulated the highest mineral and heavy metal levels (except Mg), particularly in BBM-N medium: P (2017.0 mg/kg), Ca (327 mg/kg), K (4901.1 mg/kg), Mn (17.0 mg/kg), Zn (84.7 mg/kg), and Cd (0.0121 mg/kg). Heavy metal content was highest in BBM-N cultures across species. Microbiological counts were within acceptable limits for all samples. Findings suggest that microalgae grown using broiler exhaust air can serve as a safe, mineral-rich feed ingredient, potentially lowering production costs while aiding pollution reduction. The results indicate that microalgae produced to reduce air pollutants in broiler houses can be used as animal feed and may help reduce biomass and protein production costs
Matrix metalloproteinase-7 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 expression is upregulated in congenital lung malformations
No full textBackground. Congenital lung malformations (CLMs) refer to structural abnormalities of the lungs that occur during fetal development. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) constitute a group of zinc-dependent enzymes, with certain members of this family playing pivotal roles in the remodeling of the lungs both prenatally and postnatally. This study aimed to explore expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-7, and MMP-9 in CLMs which are recognized as pivotal contributors to their clinical pathology. Methods. A total of 41 patients between the ages of 0-17 years that had undergone lung surgery for CLMs between March 2007-July 2023 were analyzed. The demographic features, clinical and pathological findings were recorded. The expression levels of MMP-2, MMP-7 and MMP-9 in patients’ tissues were examined by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction and compared in CLMs and adjacent normal lung tissues. Results. Among patients with CLMs, 12 patients had congenital pulmonary airway malformations (CPAM, one patient had bilateral lesions), 18 patients had bronchopulmonary sequestration (BPS), 7 patients had congenital lobar overinflation (CLO), and 4 patients had bronchogenic cyst (BC). The higher expression of MMP-7 and MMP-9 in all CLM tissues compared to normal tissue was observed. But, there was a trend in MMP-2 expression in CPAM tissues and MMP-2 showed high expression in the BPS, CLO and BC groups, which was not statistically significant. Upon collective analysis of all groups, it was observed that mRNA expressions of MMP-7 and MMP-9 exhibited greater upregulation in CPAM and BC in comparison to BPS and CLO. Conclusions. Our findings indicate a specific involvement of MMP-7 and MMP-9 in the pathogenesis of CLMs, particularly in CPAM and BC. To the best of our knowledge, this research represents the initial demonstration of MMP expression in CLMs
A unique overlap of scarring and non-scarring alopecia in primary cutis verticis gyrata
No full textCutis verticis gyrata (CVG) is a rare scalp disorder characterized by cerebriform thickening and folding of the scalp skin. It can present as a primary essential form without underlying systemic involvement. Alopecia, classified as scarring or nonscarring, may rarely accompany CVG. We report a 55-year-old female with primary essential CVG exhibiting both nonscarring alopecia areata and scarring lichen planopilaris, which were confirmed histopathologically. No neurological, ophthalmological, or systemic abnormalities were present. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed no intracranial or cranial bone pathology. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of simultaneous scarring and non-scarring alopecia in a patient with primary essential CVG. This rare coexistence may reflect the presence of multiple autoimmune pathways targeting different segments of the hair follicle. Clinicians should consider combined pathological mechanisms in unusual alopecia presentations associated with CVG
Investigation of the critical buckling load of a column with linearly varying moment of inertia using analytical, numerical, and hybrid machine learning approaches
No full textThis study investigates the buckling behavior of columns with variable cross-sections using analytical, numerical, and hybrid machine learning (ML) approaches. Initially, the power series method is employed to calculate the buckling loads of columns with both constant and varying cross-sections under diverse boundary conditions. Then a finite element (FE) analyses of the columns are performed to obtain the buckling loads and the results are validate by comparing them with results from power series method. Once validated, the FE model is used to generate a large dataset encompassing a wide range of cross-sections, lengths, and material properties, as per the samples obtained through the Sobol sampling method. A hybrid ML model is then developed by integrating the XGBoost algorithm with the particle swarm optimization (PSO) technique for hyperparameter tuning. This hybrid PSO-XGBoost model is trained to predict the buckling loads of columns with varying cross-sections. Its performance for input parameters outside the training dataset is evaluated using statistical metrics and scatter plots. The results demonstrate excellent agreement between the FE analysis and the power series method, confirming the reliability of both approaches. The PSO-XGBoost model achieved remarkable predictive accuracy, with R2 values of 0.999 and 0.996 for the training and testing datasets, respectively. Furthermore, SHapley Additive exPlanations (SHAP) analysis is conducted to explore the influence and interactions of input parameters on buckling loads, providing valuable insights into the model's interpretability and the underlying mechanics of column buckling
Influence of SCD and FABP3 genetic markers on carcass traits and meat quality in Aberdeen Angus bulls
No full textThis study evaluated the association of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD) and fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) gene polymorphisms with carcass and meat quality traits in Aberdeen Angus bulls. Two hundred seventy-four Angus bulls were genotyped using PCR-RFLP and Sanger sequencing. Next, the association of SCD and FABP3 genetic variants with traits such as live weight, average daily weight gain, carcass weight (both hot and cold), dressing percentage, carcass length, back fat thickness, carcass color score, pH, and marbling score was analyzed. Significant differences were observed in average daily weight gain among different FABP3 genotypes, with the GG genotype showing the highest gains (P<0.01). Furthermore, novel associations between the SCD x FABP3 interaction and key traits were identified, including dressing percentage and carcass pH. Notably, an epistatic pattern through this genotypic interaction was demonstrated, which may significantly influence postmortem pH decline in beef cattle. The results suggest a notable impact of the FABP3 rs210042291 gene on growth rates. These findings highlight the complexity of genetic influences on meat quality traits