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Social studies teachers' and secondary school students approaches to public archaeology: Bursa example
No full textBu araştırma, ortaokul düzeyindeki kültürel miras eğitiminin arkeoloji eğitimi temelinde programlanabilirliğini mercek altına almaktadır. Bu amaçla arkeolojiyle zenginleştirilmiş bir müfredatın uygulanmasını etkileyen iki temel değişken incelenmiştir: (i) öğretmen faktörü ve (ii) öğretim yöntem ve teknikleri faktörü. Öğretmen faktörünü incelemek için Bursa ilinin üç farklı ilçesindeki 9 okulda görev yapmakta olan 50 sosyal bilgiler öğretmenden hem yazılı anket formu hem de yarı yapılandırılmış görüşmelere dayalı veriler toplanmış, veriler betimsel istatistik ve içerik analizi ile değerlendirilmiştir. Öğretim yöntemi faktörünü incelemek için ise deneysel araştırma deseni çerçevesinde 5. sınıf öğrencileri üzerinde ön test-son test kontrol gruplu yarı deneysel desen kullanılmıştır. Zenginleştirilmiş öğretim yöntemlerinin öğrenme çıktıları üzerindeki etkisi t-testi ile analiz edilmiştir. Tablolar aracılığıyla sunulan ve yorumlanan bulgular, araştırma sorularına yanıtlar sağlamıştır. Sonuçlar, öğretmenlerin genel olarak yakın çevrelerindeki kültürel miras alanları ve arkeolojik çevrelerin farkında olsalar da, bu alanları öğretimle nasıl bütünleştirecekleri konusundaki bilgi ve farkındalıklarının sınırlı olduğunu göstermektedir. Öğretmenlerin kendilerini bu konuda mesleki olarak yetersiz hissetmeleri, fakat buna rağmen kültürel miras öğelerinin ve arkeolojik sit alanlarının kültürel miras eğitiminde kullanımına karşı olumlu tutumlara sahip oldukları ise araştırmanın diğer sonuçlarıdır. Öğretim yöntemleri faktörüyle ilgili olarak, bulgular arkeoloji temelli program zenginleştirmenin öğrenci başarısını önemli ölçüde ve olumlu şekilde etkilediğini göstermektedir. Deney grubu, hem genel akademik başarıda hem de bireysel soru tabanlı performansta kontrol grubundan daha iyi performans göstererek önerilen öğretim yaklaşımının etkinliğini vurgulamıştır.This study investigated the feasibility of enriching the curriculum based on archaeology in cultural heritage education at the secondary school level. For this purpose, two main variables affecting the implementation of an archaeology-enriched curriculum were examined: (i) the teacher factor and (ii) the teaching methods and techniques factor. To examine the teacher factor, data were collected from 50 social studies teachers working in nine schools in three districts of Bursa province through written questionnaires and semi-structured interviews, and the collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and content analysis. To assess the impact of teaching methods, a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest control group design was employed with 5th grade students. The effectiveness of enriched teaching methods on learning outcomes was analyzed using t-test. The findings, presented and interpreted through tables, provided answers to the research questions. Results indicate that while teachers are generally aware of cultural heritage sites and archaeological environments in their immediate surroundings, their knowledge and awareness of how to integrate these sites into teaching remain limited. The other results of the study are that teachers feel professionally inappropriate in this regard, but despite this, they have positive attitudes towards the use of cultural heritage elements and archaeological sites in cultural heritage education. Regarding the teaching methods factor, the findings show that archaeology-based curriculum enrichment significantly and positively affects student achievement. The experimental group outperformed the control group in both overall academic achievement and individual question-based performance, highlighting the effectiveness of the proposed teaching approach
Improving students' reading, comprehension, and reading motivation through texts generated from their prompts using chatgpt-4: A mixed-method study
No full textReading enables individuals to acquire knowledge, think critically, succeed in social life, access new information, and remain continually informed. This underscores the need to emphasize reading education in the elementary years when the foundation of literacy is established. This study aims to improve the reading, comprehension, and motivation of 4th-grade students through ChatGPT-4, which generates texts based on their own prompts. The study was conducted in two public primary schools located in the center of Bursa, T & uuml;rkiye. The research group consisted of 106 students. The study employed a sequential explanatory mixed method design. The quantitative aspect of the study was conducted using the Solomon four-group experimental design, while the qualitative part was carried out through a case study. Quantitative data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U test, Independent Samples t-test, ANOVA, and effect size calculations, while qualitative data were examined using descriptive and content analysis. According to the findings, when the experimental groups were compared with the control groups, statistically significant differences were identified in favor of both experimental groups with respect to reading and comprehension skills as well as reading motivation. These differences showed a high effect size across all dependent variables. Based on these findings, it is recommended that teachers integrate ChatGPT to help students generate appropriate texts during free reading periods
A-biyolov9: An attention-guided yolov9 model for infrared-based wind turbine inspection
No full textThis work examines how thermal turbulence patterns can be identified on the blades of operating wind turbines-an issue that plays a key role in preventive maintenance and overall safety assurance. Using the publicly available KI-VISIR dataset, containing annotated infrared images collected under real-world operating conditions, four object detection architectures were evaluated: YOLOv8, the baseline YOLOv9, the transformer-based RT-DETR, and an enhanced variant introduced as A-BiYOLOv9. The proposed approach extends the YOLOv9 backbone with convolutional block attention modules (CBAM) and integrates a bidirectional feature pyramid network (BiFPN) in the neck to improve feature fusion. All models were trained for thirty epochs on single-class turbulence annotations. The experiments confirm that YOLOv8 provides fast and efficient detection, YOLOv9 delivers higher accuracy and more stable convergence, and RT-DETR exhibits strong precision and consistent localization performance. A-BiYOLOv9 maintains stable and reliable accuracy even when the thermal patterns vary significantly between scenes. These results confirm that attention-augmented and feature-fusion-centric architectures improve detection sensitivity and reliability in the thermal domain. Consequently, the proposed A-BiYOLOv9 represents a promising candidate for real-time, contactless thermographic monitoring of wind turbines, with the potential to extend turbine lifespan through predictive maintenance strategies.Firat University-TEKF.25.2
Fluorinated analogs of organosulfur compounds from garlic ( allium sativum ): Synthesis, chemistry and anti-angiogenesis and antithrombotic studies
No full textCompressed natural gas storage and delivery installation technologies
No full textBu tezde, sıkıştırılmış doğal gaz (CNG) dolum istasyonlarının termodinamik davranışı, sistem bileşenlerinin dinamik etkileşimi ve tasarım parametrelerinin optimizasyonu çok disiplinli ve bütüncül bir yaklaşımla analiz edilmiştir. İlk olarak, farklı doğal gaz karışımları için sıcaklık ve basınca bağlı olarak özgül hacim, entalpi, entropi, sıkıştırılabilirlik faktörü ve ses hızı gibi termodinamik özellikler hesaplanmış, bu kapsamda doğrulama amacıyla AGA8-DC92 denklemi uygulanmış, esas modelleme sürecinde ise CoolProp kütüphanesi ile daha esnek ve kapsamlı hesaplamalar yapılmıştır. Hesaplanan veriler, Simulink ortamında geliştirilen fiziksel modele aktarılmış ve çok kademeli kompresör, ara soğutucular, üç seviyeli depolama tankları ile dispenser birimi ayrıntılı biçimde temsil edilmiştir. Model, araç dolum süreci boyunca sıcaklık, basınç ve debi değişimlerinin zamana bağlı olarak izlenmesini sağlamaktadır. Araç tankı, hortum ve depo bileşenleri arasındaki akış ve ısı transferi ilişkileri incelenmiş; farklı gaz özellikleri, ortam koşulları ve dolum senaryoları karşılaştırmalı olarak analiz edilmiştir. Sistem performansı üzerindeki etkisi nedeniyle kademeli depolama sistemine ait hem basınçların hem tank hacim oranlarının optimizasyonu gerçekleştirilmiş; bu kapsamda Taguchi deneysel tasarımı uygulanmış ve çoklu performans kriterleri Gri İlişki Analizi (GRA) yöntemiyle birlikte değerlendirilmiştir. Geliştirilen model ve elde edilen optimizasyon çıktıları, CNG istasyonlarının tasarımı ve işletilmesi için uygulanabilir mühendislik kararları sunmakta, literatüre hem bilimsel hem de pratik katkılar sağlamaktadır.In this dissertation, the thermodynamic behavior of compressed natural gas (CNG) refueling stations, the dynamic interaction among system components, and the optimization of design parameters are analyzed through a multidisciplinary and integrated approach. Initially, thermodynamic properties such as specific volume, enthalpy, entropy, compressibility factor, and speed of sound were calculated depending on temperature and pressure for various natural gas mixtures. For validation purposes, the AGA8 DC92 equation of state was used, while the main modeling was carried out using the CoolProp library to enable more flexible and comprehensive calculations. The computed data were transferred into a physical model developed in the Simulink environment, which includes a compressor with multiple stages, intercoolers, a storage tank system with three pressure levels, and a dispenser unit. The model allows time-based monitoring of temperature, pressure, and mass flow variations during the vehicle filling process. The flow and heat transfer interactions between the vehicle tank, hose, and storage units were examined, and different gas compositions, environmental conditions, and filling scenarios were comparatively analyzed. Due to their significant impact on system performance, both reservoir pressures and volume ratios of the storage tanks were optimized. In this context, the Taguchi experimental design was applied, and multiple performance indicators were evaluated using the Grey Relational Analysis (GRA) method. The developed model and the resulting optimization outcomes provide practical engineering recommendations for improving the design and operation of CNG refueling systems and contribute original insights to the scientific literature
The assesment of the concept of responsibility wıthın the context of philosophy of law (the basis of criminal responsibility in the context of freedom of will)
No full textGerek felsefe literatüründe gerekse hukuki yazında özgürlük ve sorumluluk kavramları başat, temel kavramlardandır. Özgür olunup olunmadığı meselesi, hâl ve hareketlerden ötürü neden ve ne ölçüde sorumluluk tevcih edilmesi gerektiği sorunu hukuk alanında ve bilhassa ceza hukukunda meşruluğun tesisine dair çözüme muhtaç konulardandır. Bu çalışmada, esasen irade hürriyeti ekseninde cezai sorumluluğun oluşumunu ve kapsamını irdeleme kaygısı güdülmüştür. Genel itibariyle özgürlüğü takip ettiği varsayılan sorumluluk incelemelerinde ilk değerlendirme, hâliyle özgürlük mefhumuna özgülenmiştir. Özgürlük kavramına sunulan yaklaşımların ana çerçevesi, tarihsel bağlamda ve devirlerin temayüz etmiş belli başlı düşünürlerinin meseleye yaklaşımları dâhilinde çizilmiştir. İçsel, karar alma süreçlerine ilişkin kadim irade hürriyeti problemi ayrı bir başlık altında irdelenirken meselenin metafizik boyutu dolayısıyla zaman zaman, bilhassa kötülük problemi bahsinde din felsefesi, teoloji eksenli tartışmalara temas edilmesi zorunluluğu baş göstermiştir. Hukukta sorumluluğun tayininde kilit kavramlardan birini oluşturan nedensellik kavramının felsefi ve hukuki boyutuyla öz bir biçimde tanıtılmasına çalışılmıştır. Ardından sorumluluk kavramının çok büyük ölçüde ceza hukuku bağlamıyla tahliline girişilmiştir. Ceza hukukunun tarihsel gelişiminde, aydınlanma dönemiyle birlikte kusur ve sorumluluk atfedilmesinde psişik ögelerin ön plana çıktığı nazara alındığında bu hususun da irade hürriyeti ile olan bağını ve ilgisini kurmanın niçin zorunluluk arz ettiği anlaşılacaktır. Bu bağ kurma serüveni, adeta insanın kendini tanıma serüvenidir. Pek muhtelif gayelere istinat ettirilen ve ihlalin akabinde öngörülen ceza kavramının esasları, toplumsal etkililiği ve işlevselliği hususları farklı ekollerin görüşleri çerçevesinde irdelenmiştir. Özgürlük, ödev ve dolayısıyla sorumluluk üzerine kafa yoran Kant ve modern hukuk felsefesine analitik çözümlemeleriyle damga vuran hukuki pozitivist Hart’ın görüşleri bağlamında irade hürriyeti ile sorumluluk konularına temas ile çalışma nihayete erdirilmiştir.Both in philosophical and legal literature, the concepts of freedom and responsibility are dominant and fundamental concepts. The question of whether one is free or not, and the question of why and to what extent one should be held responsible for one's actions and behaviors are issues that need to be resolved in the field of law, especially in criminal law, in order to establish legitimacy. This study is mainly concerned with examining the formation and scope of criminal responsibility on the axis of freedom of will. In examinations of responsibility, which is generally assumed to follow freedom, the first assessment is, as a matter of course, dedicated to the notion of freedom. The main framework of the approaches to the concept of freedom is drawn within the historical context and the approaches of the prominent thinkers of the periods. While the ancient problem of freedom of the will related to internal, decision-making processes is examined under a separate heading, due to the metaphysical dimension of the issue, from time to time, especially in the case of the problem of evil, it has become necessary to touch upon discussions based on philosophy of religion and theology. The concept of causality, which constitutes one of the key concepts in the determination of responsibility in law, has been briefly introduced in its philosophical and legal dimensions. Then, the concept of responsibility is analyzed largely in the context of criminal law. Considering that in the historical development of criminal law, psychic elements came to the forefront in the attribution of fault and responsibility with the enlightenment period, it will be understood why it is imperative to establish the connection and relevance of this issue with freedom of will. The adventure of establishing this connection is almost the adventure of self-knowledge. The principles, social effectiveness and functionality of the concept of punishment, which is based on various purposes and prescribed after the violation, have been analyzed within the framework of the views of different schools. Finally, the study is concluded by touching upon the issues of freedom of will and responsibility in the context of the views of Kant, who pondered on freedom, duty and therefore responsibility, and Hart, a legal positivist who left his mark on modern legal philosophy with his analytical analysis
-Yazar Tespit Edilemedi- Neuropsychological test profile of compulsive buying behavior: A study on 50-year-old and over consumers
No full textThis study aims to contribute to the literature by identifying the neuropsychological test profile of compulsive buying behaviour among consumers aged 50 and above. Designed as a case-control study, the research was conducted at the Neurology Outpatient Clinic of Bursa Uludag University Faculty of Medicine and completed with 66 participants-33 in the case group and 33 in the control group. The Standardised Mini-Mental State Examination (SMMSE), the Minnesota Impulsive Disorders Interview (MIDI), the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST), and the Stroop Test-Capa Form (ST) were administered to assess executive functions. At the same time, the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT) was used to evaluate decision-making behaviour. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and chi-square, Shapiro-Wilk, independent samples t-test (for normally distributed data), and Mann-Whitney U test (for non-normally distributed data) were employed in the analyses. The WCST sub-scores-total number of errors, number of categories completed, total number of perseverative responses, total number of nonperseverative errors, percentage of perseverative errors, number of reactions to complete the first category, and number of conceptual level responses-differed significantly between groups. Similarly, significant differences were observed between groups in the completion times, number of errors, and spontaneous corrections in the first three sections of the ST, as well as in the net scores of the third, fourth, and fifth blocks of the IGT. The findings indicate that the compulsive buying group demonstrated lower executive function and decision-making performance compared to the control group. The results were discussed in the context of existing literature, and recommendations were proposed
The impact of body mass index on the diagnostic and surgical outcomes in primary hyperparathyroidism
No full textOBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of body mass index on the diagnostic and surgical outcomes in patients undergoing parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism. METHODS: A total of 446 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were divided into four groups according to their body mass index: normal weight (body mass index= 35 kg/m2) (n=38). Perioperative findings were compared between the groups. RESULTS: The preoperative median parathormone level in the morbidly obese group (204 pg/mL, min:max 72:1,178) was significantly lower than that in the normal-weight (246 pg/mL, min:max 60:4,262) (p=0.026) and obese (251 pg/mL, min:max 74:2,094) (p=0.012) groups. The osteoporosis rate in the normal-weight group (51%) was higher than that in the overweight (35.4%) (p=0.041) and morbidly obese (25%) (p=0.023) groups. The symptomatic hypocalcemia rate in the normal-weight group (10.2%) was significantly higher than that in the obese group (1.8%) (p=0.017). CONCLUSION: Normal-weight patients with primary hyperparathyroidism have higher blood parathormone values, higher rates of osteoporosis, and postoperative symptomatic hypocalcemia compared to patients with higher body mass index. For this reason, the surgeon should consider the possibility of symptomatic hypocalcemia after undergoing parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism in normal-weight cases
Mathematical modeling and optimization of the active suspension system of a 6x6 electric vehicle
No full textVehicle suspension systems have a significant role in the capacity of transmit forces coming from the road and in vehicle performance. Loads between the road and the vehicle body significantly affect driver health, comfort, and vehicle drive features. Some research shows that the quality of suspension systems is of great importance in vehicle accident rates. The suspension system also affects roadholding significantly. In this study, mathematical modeling was performed for a vehicle with a 6 x 6 in-wheel electric motor. A free body diagram was generated for the system and the wheels, vehicle body, seat, human model, and in-wheel electric motors were addressed in the mathematical simulation modeling. "Bump type" and "Random type" road model scenarios as road inputs were created. In the mathematical model, simulations of models with passive and active suspension systems were carried out and system accuracy was confirmed. Three different methods were used for optimization: Genetic Algorithm (GA), Particle Swarm Optimization (PSE) and Differential Evolution (DE) Optimization. The stiffness and damping coefficients of the wheel suspension, the coefficients of the active suspension controllers, the stiffness and damping coefficients of the seat suspension and the suspension of wheel-mounted motors are selected as design variables of the optimization problem. The optimizations were made separately and compared for two different road scenarios. According to the ISO 2631-1 Health Guide standard, it was evaluated which system is more efficient in terms of its effects on human health and comfort. ISO 2631-1, which defines vibration exposure limits, has been used to calculate driver health limits. Optimization results with active suspension systems showed better improvement compared with the simulations performed with passive suspension systems. Moreover, optimization results especially in systems used for a long time demonstrate greater results on human health
Investigation of the effectiveness of oleuropein in a three-dimensional in vitro hepatocellular tumor sphere model
No full textObjectives: This study was conducted to examine the dose-related effects over time of oleuropein on the proliferation and area of tumor spheroids in hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Materials and methods: We examined the possible effects of 100 to 500 mu M dose concentrations of oleuropein on HepG2 cell proliferation using a real-time cell analyzer. A 3-dimensional hepatocellular carcinoma tumor spheroid model was established by seeding HepG2 cells at a density of 160 cells/well in custom 96-well microplates with low attachment surfaces and culturing for 3 days. Tumor spheres were treated with increasing oleuropein doses for 72 hours, and images were captured every 24 hours. The dose-dependent effects of oleuropein on tumor sphere size were analyzed by measuring the area of tumor spheres with ImageJ software. We conducted oleuropein viability and cytotoxicity analyses using calcein acetoxymethyl ester-based and propidium iodide-based staining in the tumor model. Results: Oleuropein inhibited cell proliferation; as the dose concentration of oleuropein increased, so did its capacity to inhibit cell proliferation (P < .001). The size of untreated tumor spheres increased at 72 hours (P < .001). However, treatment with 100 to 500 mu M oleuropein reduced tumor size by 63.56% to 88.06% compared with untreated cells at the end of 72 hours (P < .001). With increasing concentrations, oleuropein inhibited the viability of tumor spheres, eliminating necrotic death caused by tumor hypoxia. Conclusions: Overall, oleuropein reduced the size of tumors by inhibiting tumor proliferation and viability. In this context, oleuropein could be a candidate molecule for further extensive studies to reduce hepatocellular carcinoma tumors to meet Milan criteria for liver transplant