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From diversity to sustainability: How board meeting frequency, financial performance and foreign members enhance the board gender diversity-ESG performance link
No full textThis study examines the impact of board gender diversity (BGD) on Environmental, Social, and Governance (ESG) performance, with a focus on the moderating roles of financial performance (Return on Assets), board meeting frequency (BMF), and foreign board members (FBM). Panel regression analysis on 41 Turkish firms listed on Borsa Istanbul (BIST100) from 2016 to 2023 reveals a positive relationship between BGD and ESG performance. This relationship is stronger in firms with higher ROA, increased BMF, and a greater proportion of FBM. The findings suggest that diverse and internationally represented boards, combined with robust financial performance and active engagement, are key drivers of sustainable practices in emerging markets. These insights offer practical guidance for policymakers and firms, advocating for board reforms that support diversity, financial health, and proactive governance to enhance ESG performance
Moisture-dependent capacitance-based stress sensing in asphalt for smart infrastructure applications
No full textThis study investigates the effect of moisture on the capacitance-based stress self-sensing performance of asphalt, which is used as a pavement material without any conductive admixtures. To examine this effect, fully saturated specimens were gradually dried to achieve moisture levels of 20% and 0%, and these specimens were tested. Cylindrical asphalt specimens (100 mm diameter x 60 mm height) were tested using curved aluminum foil electrodes placed around the surface. Capacitance was measured transversely. The specimens were subjected to low (0.8-3.85kPa) and relatively high (9-44.85 kPa) stress levels while their capacitance values were recorded. The results indicate that the capacitance value increases with higher moisture content, with measured values of 13.55 pF, 17.00 pF, and 58.15 pF for specimens with 0%, 20%, and 100% moisture content, respectively. Regardless of moisture content, the capacitance values changed upon loading. Test results indicated that under low-stress conditions, the peak fractional change in capacitance at 3.85 kPa was measured as approximately 3.0%, 2.6%, and 0.6% for specimens with 0%, 20%, and 100% moisture content, respectively. Under high-stress conditions (44.85 kPa), the corresponding fractional changes in capacitance were recorded as 16.7%, 11.4%, and 6,4%, respectively. The capacitance decreases upon the axial compression. These findings highlight the influence of moisture on capacitance-based sensing. It was concluded that asphalt material can serve as an effective stress indicator under known moisture levels
Bursa calligraphers from the Ottoman Period
No full textBu çalışma, Osmanlı Devleti'nin önemli kültür ve sanat merkezlerinden biri olan Bursa'da yetişmiş hattatları konu edinmektedir. Tez kapsamında, 15. yüzyıldan 20. yüzyıl başlarına kadar uzanan süreçte Bursa’da yaşamış hattatların biyografileri, sanat anlayışları, eserleri ve hat sanatına katkıları incelenmiştir. Hattatların yetiştiği sosyal, kültürel ve dini çevre detaylı biçimde ele alınmış; özellikle medrese, cami ve tekke gibi kurumların eğitimdeki ve sanatın aktarımındaki rolü vurgulanmıştır. Çalışmada, sülüs, nesih, ta‘lik ve rik‘a gibi yazı türleri üzerinden hattatların kullandığı üsluplar değerlendirilmiş; icazet belgeleri, yazma eserler, kitâbeler, mezar taşları ve arşiv kaynakları ışığında özgün tespitler yapılmıştır. Bursa’nın Osmanlı hat sanatı içindeki konumu ve Bursalı hattatların klasik hat geleneğine katkıları, hem bireysel hem de bölgesel açıdan ele alınmıştır. Bu bağlamda tez, yalnızca biyografik bir derleme değil; aynı zamanda hat sanatının Osmanlı’daki eğitim, aktarım ve üslup birikimini Bursa özelinde yorumlayan analitik bir yaklaşım sunmaktadır.This study focuses on the calligraphers who lived and produced works in
Bursa, one of the major cultural and artistic centers of the Ottoman Empire. Covering a period from the 15th century to the early 20th century, the thesis examines the biographies, artistic approaches, works, and contributions of Ottoman-era calligraphers from Bursa. The social, cultural, and religious environment in which these artists were trained is thoroughly analyzed, with particular emphasis on the roles of institutions such as madrasahs, mosques, and Sufi lodges in education and the transmission of the calligraphic tradition. The styles employed by the calligraphers are evaluated through scripts such as thuluth, naskh, ta‘liq, and ruq‘ah, and original findings are presented based on ijazah (calligraphy diplomas), manuscript works, epigraphs, gravestones, and archival materials. The position of Bursa within the broader context of Ottoman calligraphy and the contributions of Bursabased calligraphers to the classical tradition are discussed both individually and regionally. In this context, the thesis not only offers a biographical compilation but also provides an analytical interpretation of the educational, stylistic, and cultural transmission of Islamic calligraphy in the Ottoman period through the lens of Bursa
The direct effects of sars-cov-2 spike protein subunit s1 on secondary hemostasis and fibrinolysis
No full textAnalysis and evaluation of the alleged ıncident between Umm Ḥabība and ʿĀʾisha in the context of the murder of Muḥammad b. Abū Bakr
No full textHz. Osman’ın öldürülmesi ile başlayan süreç İslam tarihindeki en büyük kırılma noktalarından birisi olmuştur. Etkileri günümüze kadar ulaşan bu olay, o yıllarda İslam toplumu içerisinde çok büyük çatışmalara sebebiyet vermiştir. Hz. Osman’ın öldürülmesiyle sonuçlanan süreçte aktif rol oynayan kişilerden birisi de Hz. Âişe’nin kardeşi Muhammed b. Ebû Bekir’dir. Onun Hz. Osman’a karşı tavrı sonraki yıllarda kendisi aleyhine bir muhalefetin oluşmasına neden olmuştur. Nihayetinde bu süreç onun da öldürülmesi ve cesedine yakılmak suretiyle zarar verilmesi ile sonuçlanmıştır. Kaynaklarda Muhammed b. Ebû Bekir’in öldürülmesinden sonra Hz. Osman’ın akrabası olan Hz. Ümmü Habîbe’nin Hz. Âişe’ye kızartılmış bir koç ile: “Kardeşin de böyle kızartıldı.” şeklinde bir haber gönderdiği rivayeti geçmektedir. Hz. Peygamber’in eşlerinin birbirleriyle ilişkileri ve Hz. Ümmü Habîbe’nin karakter yapısı hakkında çok olumsuz bir izlenime sebebiyet veren bu rivayetin tüm yönleriyle ele alınarak incelenmesi büyük önem arz etmektedir. Çalışmada bu süreci hazırlayan olaylar, tasvirî ve tahlilî bir bakış açısıyla ele alınacaktır. Bu konular hakkında zikredilen rivayetler genel İslam tarihi anlatımları ile mukayese edilerek en doğru sonuçlara ulaşılmaya gayret edilecektir. Ayrıca konuyla özel bağlantısı olan rivayetler isnad yönüyle de incelenecektir. Tespit edilebildiği kadarıyla daha önce böyle bir çalışmanın yapılmamış olması önemli bir boşluğu doldurarak alana katkı sağlayacaktır. Çalışmaya temel oluşturan rivayetin birçok yönden ciddi zaaflar içermesi ve bu söylemi destekleyen sahih başka bir aktarımın bulunmaması böyle bir olayın yaşanmadığı izlenimini vermektedir.The process that began with the assassination of ʿUthmān was one of the biggest turning points in Islamic history. This event, the effects of which continue to this day, caused great conflicts within the Islamic community in those years. One of the people who played an active role in the process that resulted in the assassination of ʿUthmān was Muḥammad b. Abū Bakr, the brother of ʿĀʾisha. His attitude towards ʿUthmān led to the formation of an opposition against him in the following years. Eventually, this process culminated in his murder and the destruction of his body by burning. It is narrated in the sources that after the assassination of Muḥammad b. Abū Bakr, Umm Ḥabība, a relative of ʿUthmān, sent a roasted ram to ʿĀʾisha and said: “This is how your brother was roasted”. It is important to examine this narration, which gives a very negative impression about the relations of the Prophet’s (pbuh) wives with each other and the character of Umm Ḥabība, in all its aspects. The events that prepared this process will be analyzed from a descriptive and analytical perspective. The narrations about these issues will be compared with the general narratives of Islamic history to reach the most accurate conclusions. In addition, narrations with special relevance to the topic will be analyzed in terms of isnād. As far as can be determined, no such study has been conducted on this subject before; therefore, this research will fill an important gap and make a valuable contribution to the field. The fact that the narration that forms the basis of this study contains serious weaknesses in many aspects, and that no other authentic narration supports this narration, gives the impression that such an event did not occur
The implementation of the “perceived Islamophobia scale” on the mosque and religious association members living in Norway
No full textBu çalışma Norveç’in başkenti Oslo’da yoğunluklu olarak yaşayan Müslümanların İslamofobi olgusuna dair algılamalarını konu almaktadır. İslamofobi, küresel düzeyde etkili bir sorun haline gelmiş ve Norveç gibi sosyal refah devleti yapısına sahip ülkelerde dahi yaygınlaşmıştır. Sonuç olarak Norveç de küresel bir olgu olan İslamofobinin etkisi altında kalmaktan kendini koruyamamış 11 Eylül 2001 terör saldırısından sonra Müslüman karşıtı kesim özel web siteleri, STK’lar ve siyasetçileriyle Norveç’te belirgin bir şekilde görülmeye başlamış ve Müslümanların demokrasi için potansiyel bir tehdit olduğu iddiasını kamusal alanda dile getirmeye başlamışlardır. Bu bakımdan Norveç'te, güçlü bir şekilde Müslüman ve göçmen karşıtlığı görülmeye başlamış 11 Eylül etkisi ile aşırı sağcı parti “İlerleme Partisi” (Fremskrittspartiet) de oylarını yükselterek meclisteki en büyük ikinci parti konumuna yükselmiştir. 11 Eylül’ün açtığı bu kötü çığır on yıl sonra Norveç’te İslam karşıtı duygularla beslenip terör eylemi yapacak olan Anders Breivik’i, aşırı sağ siyasetin bayraktar partisi İlerleme Partisi’nin ırkçı havuzundan belli bir süreye kadar üyelik yoluyla beslemiştir. Her ne kadar Breivik, İlerleme Partisi'nin göç ve İslam karşıtı söylemini yeterince radikal bulmayarak İslam’a karşı yürüttüğü savaşı farklı yollarla sürdürme arayışına girmiş olsa da bu parti onun radikal düşünce sisteminin oluşumunda ideolojik bir zemin ve başlangıç noktası işlevi görmüştür. Çalışmanın amacı; Oslo’da yaşayan göçmen kökenli bireyler içerisinden cami derneği ve dini dernek statüsündeki organizasyonlara üye olan Müslümanların İslamofobi olgusunu algılama biçimlerini ve düzeylerini tespit etmektir. Çalışmada nicel araştırma yöntemi ile yapılan çalışmada tarama deseni kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın evrenini Norveç’in başkenti Oslo’da faaliyet gösteren cami derneklerine üye Müslüman bireyler oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada orijinali Kunst ve diğerlerinin geliştirdiği, Kılıç ve Acar tarafından “Algılanan İslamofobi Ölçeğinin Türkçeye Uyarlanması, Geçerlilik ve Güvenilirlik Çalışması” adıyla uyarlanan ölçek kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonucunda katılımcıların İslamofobiyi algılama düzeylerinin orta seviyede, İslamlaşma korkusu ve genel korku boyutları orta düzeyde, Medya etkisi boyutunun yüksek düzeyde olduğu tespit edilmiş ve katılımcılar en çok Medya etkisine vurgu yapmışlardır. Bu durum, medyada Müslümanlara yönelik olumsuz temsillerin etkili olduğu, özellikle kadınların ve 31-45 yaş grubunun daha yüksek “İslamlaşma Korkusu” algısına sahip olması sonucunu doğurmuştur. Bu nedenle İslamofobiyle mücadelede medyanın sorumluluğuna, eğitimin önemine ve toplumsal farkındalığın artırılması gerektiğine vurgu yapılarak İslamofobik söylemlerin cezai yaptırımlara bağlanması ve devlet politikalarının bu doğrultuda geliştirilmesi önerilmiş, özellikle eğitim yoluyla toplumsal farkındalığın artırılması gerektiğini vurgulanmıştır. Ayrıca, Norveç’in bu sorunu devlet politikası düzeyinde ele alması gerektiğinin altı çizilmiştir.This study focuses on the perceptions of Islamophobia among Muslims residing predominantly in Oslo, the capital of Norway. Islamophobia has become a globally influential issue, and even welfare states like Norway have not remained immune to its effects. As a result, Norway has also been impacted by this global phenomenon. Following the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks, anti-Muslim sentiments became more visible in Norway, with certain websites, NGOs, and politicians openly portraying Muslims as a potential threat to democracy. In this context, anti-Muslim and anti-immigrant sentiments began to strengthen in the country. The far-right “Progress Party” (Fremskrittspartiet) capitalized on this atmosphere, increasing its votes significantly and becoming the second-largest party in the Norwegian parliament. The aftermath of 9/11 created a dangerous precedent that, a decade later, would fuel the deadly ideology of Anders Behring Breivik, who carried out a terrorist attack in Norway driven by Islamophobic motives. For a certain period, Breivik was affiliated with the Progress Party’s youth wing, which suggests that the party’s nationalist and exclusionary discourse played a formative role in shaping his extremist worldview. Although Breivik eventually distanced himself from the party, considering it too weak for his radical goals, the ideological foundations laid by the party served as a cornerstone in constructing his lethal mindset. The main objective of this study is to identify how Muslims, who are members of mosque associations and religious organizations in Oslo, perceive and experience Islamophobia. A quantitative research method with a survey design was employed. The study sample consists of Muslim individuals affiliated with mosque associations operating in Oslo. Data were collected using the “Perceived Islamophobia Scale,” originally developed by Kunst et al. and adapted into Turkish by Kılıç and Acar under the title “Adaptation, Validity, and Reliability Study of the Perceived Islamophobia Scale.” Findings indicate that participants’ overall perception of Islamophobia is at a moderate level. While the dimensions of Islamization fear and general fear are also moderate, the influence of media is perceived at a high level. Participants emphasized the impact of media most strongly. Negative media representations of Muslims appear to be influential, particularly among women and individuals aged 31–45, who reported higher levels of Islamization fear. Therefore, the study underlines the responsibility of the media, the importance of education, and the need to raise social awareness in combating Islamophobia. It recommends the criminalization of Islamophobic discourse and the development of relevant state policies. Moreover, it emphasizes that Norway must address this issue at the level of official state polic
The relationship of strength-based parenting with the negative effects of earthquake: Mediating roles of optimism, resilience and mindfulness
No full textEarthquakes are natural disasters whose devastating effects are widely known and in early February 2023, 11 provinces in T & uuml;rkiye were deeply shaken. It was important to examine the protective factors against the negative effects of earthquakes to develop effective interventions and significant recovery. Hitherto, research in the literature focused more on the negative effects of the disaster and paid less attention to the conditions under which the forces that support well-being, such as optimism, resilience, and mindfulness. Thus, in the current study, we tested the relationship between Strength-based Parenting and depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms and the mediating role of optimism, resilience, and mindfulness in such a relationship. 408 university students who survived the devastating earthquake were included in the study. Participants filled out the Strength-Based Parenting Scale, Optimism and Pessimism Scale, Brief Resilience Scale, Mindfulness Scale, and Depression, Stress, Anxiety Scale (DASS-21). In the results, strength-based parenting was found to be positively correlated with optimism, resilience, and mindfulness while negative correlations were detected with depression, anxiety, and stress. Moreover, optimism, resilience, and mindfulness were found to mediate the relationship between strength-based Parenting and depression, anxiety, and stress. In this manner, the results showed that strength-based parenting has a protective role against the negative effects of the earthquake by contributing to optimism, resilience, and mindfulness. Thus, strength-based parenting appears promising in natural disaster studies
The effect of Metaverse- and virtual reality–supported education in the digital breastfeeding museum on mothers’ breastfeeding knowledge level, self-efficacy, and success
No full textBu çalışma, primipar gebe kadınlara yönelik dijital emzirme müzesinde Metaverse ve sanal gerçeklik (VR) destekli eğitimin annelerin emzirme bilgi düzeyi, öz-yeterliği ve başarısına etkisini değerlendirmek amacıyla randomize kontrollü olarak yapıldı. Araştırmanın evrenini, Temmuz 2023-Nisan 2024 tarihleri arasında Türkiye’de üç hastanenin gebe okullarına üçüncü trimesterde ilk defa başvuran ve daha önce hiç emzirme deneyimi olmayan primipar gebeler oluşturdu. Çalışmaya katılan 53 primipar gebe, rastgele olarak müdahale(n=28) ve kontrol(n=25) gruplarına ayrıldı. Müdahale grubundaki gebelere dijital emzirme müzesinde Metaverse ve VR destekli eğitim verilirken, kontrol grubundaki gebeler rutin gebe okulu eğitimi aldı. Veri toplamak amacıyla memnuniyet ve emzirme bilgi düzeyine ilişkin soru anketi, emzirme özyeterlik ölçeği – kısa form ve LATCH emzirme değerlendirme ölçeği kullanıldı. Veriler, eğitim öncesi, eğitim sonrası ve doğum sonrası olmak üzere üç farklı zamanda toplandı. Analizlerde IBM SPSS 29.0.2.0 programı kullanıldı (α = 0,05). Eğitim öncesi değerlendirmelerde gruplar benzer bulunurken; eğitim sonrası ve doğum sonrası dönemlerde, müdahale grubundaki annelerin emzirme bilgi düzeyi (p <0,001; p <0,001) ve emzirme öz-yeterlilik puanlarında (p <0,001; p = 0,019) sırasıyla anlamlı artışlar görüldü. Bu artışın doğum sonrası dönemde de korunduğu görüldü. Ayrıca, doğum sonrası LATCH puanlarında da gruplar arasında anlamlı farklılık vardı. Müdahale grubunun puanları, kontrol grubuna göre daha yüksek bulundu (p <0,001). Müdahale grubunda, emzirme öz-yeterlilik puanları ile LATCH puanları arasında eğitim sonrası orta (r = 0,502; p = 0,006), doğum sonrası ise yüksek düzeyde (r = 0,641; p <0,001) anlamlı pozitif ilişki bulundu. Ayrıca doğum kilosu ile LATCH puanları arasında da pozitif yönde anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (r = 0,400; p = 0,003). Hemşirelerin, emzirme eğitimlerinde Metaverse ve VR destekli dijital teknolojileri etkili bir yöntem olarak kullanmaları önerilmektedir.This randomized controlled study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Metaverse- and virtual reality (VR)–supported education in a digital breastfeeding museum on primiparous pregnant women’s breastfeeding knowledge level, selfefficacy, and success. The study population consisted of primiparous pregnant women with no prior breastfeeding experience who attended antenatal education classes for the first time at three hospitals in Turkey during their third trimester between July 2023 and April 2024. Fifty-three primiparous pregnant women were randomly assigned to the intervention (n = 28) and control (n = 25) groups. The pregnant women in the intervention group received Metaverse- and virtual reality (VR)–supported education in the digital breastfeeding museum, while those in the control group received standard antenatal education provided through antenatal education classes. Data were collected using a satisfaction and the breastfeeding knowledge questionnaire, the breastfeeding self-efficacy scale–short form, and the LATCH breastfeeding assessment tool. Data collection occurred at three-time points: before the training, after the training, and postpartum. Statistical analyses were performed using IBM SPSS version 29.0.2.0, with a significance level set at α = 0.05. The groups were found to be similar at baseline. However, the intervention group showed significantly higher breastfeeding knowledge levels (p <0.001; p <0.001) and breastfeeding self-efficacy scores (p <0.001; p = 0.019) both after the training and postpartum. These improvements were maintained in the postpartum period. Additionally, LATCH scores were significantly higher in the intervention group compared to the control group postpartum (p <0.001). A moderate positive correlation was found between breastfeeding self-efficacy and LATCH scores after training (r = 0.502; p = 0.006), and a strong positive correlation was observed postpartum (r = 0.641; p <0.001). Moreover, a statistically significant positive correlation was found between birth weight and LATCH scores (r = 0.400; p = 0.003). It is recommended that nurses use Metaverse- and VR-supported digital technologies as an effective method in breastfeeding education
Nano-mip based spr sensor for tetracycline analysis in milk sample
No full textRecent advancements in sensor technology have enabled the detection of antibiotics in food, ensuring human safety. In this study, we developed a surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensor based on molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (MINps) for the real-time, sensitive, and in-situ detection of tetracycline (Tc). Firstly, Tc-imprinted nanoparticles (Tc-MINps) were synthesized using microemulsion polymerization. Then, the Tc-MINps were coated onto a bare gold SPR chip to develop the Tc-MINps SPR sensor. The sensor's performance was evaluated by detecting Tc in aqueous solutions. The results demonstrated a highly selective binding of Tc to the nanocavities on the surface of the Tc-MINps SPR sensor. The relationship between Tc molecules and the SPR sensor was analyzed at 0.5-20 mg/L Tc concentrations (pH 5.0). The Langmuir isotherm model was identified as the most appropriate binding model, indicating monolayer adsorption. The selectivity of the Tc-MINps SPR sensor was investigated using oxytetracycline, ciprofloxacin, and amoxicillin due to their structural similarity. The selectivity coefficients were determined as 5.54 for oxytetracycline, 23.66 for ciprofloxacin, and 28.39 for amoxicillin. Additionally, the limit of detection (LOD) for the Tc-MINps SPR sensor for Tc analysis in milk was found to be 0.45 mg/L, while the LOD for the HPLC method was 0.55 mg/L. The developed SPR sensor is suitable for Tc detection in milk due to its advantages, such as real-time monitoring, low cost, high selectivity, and reusability
Improving thermal and mechanic performance of sustainable lightweight concrete facade panels in terms of aggregate type
No full textReducing energy consumption in the production process of lightweight concrete facade panels, utilizing recycled materials, minimizing waste, enhancing strength-to-weight ratio and durability, as well as ensuring ease of service and assembly, play a significant role in sustainability. Previous studies have been conducted to improve the thermal insulation properties of these panels; however, these studies were limited and produced conflicting results regarding sustainability. Additionally, due to a high number of influencing parameters, a definite procedure for determining the optimal mix ratio for lightweight concrete facade panels was not established. This study aims to determine the optimal proportions of coarse/fine aggregates, lightweight aggregates, and recycled aggregates for lightweight facade concrete mixes in terms of weight/strength and thermal insulation performance criteria. The goal is to develop a sustainable lightweight concrete facade panel with sufficient strength for building facades, high insulation capacity, maximal usage of recycled aggregates, while being as low weight as possible. Within the scope of this study, a total of 15 different lightweight concrete mixtures were produced by substituting various ratios of pumice, perlite, and recycled concrete aggregate for fine aggregate in the control mix containing 100% limestone as fine aggregate. The cement content, coarse aggregate amount, coarse/fine aggregate ratio, and slump value were kept constant for all produced mixtures. It was determined that the mixture containing 40% recycled concrete aggregate and 60% pumice as fine aggregate exhibits superior performance in terms of unit volume weight, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity. Within the scope of the study, 15 different lightweight concrete mixtures were produced by substituting various proportions of pumice, perlite, and recycled concrete aggregate in place of fine aggregate in a control mixture containing 100% limestone as fine aggregate. In all produced mixtures, the cement content, coarse aggregate amount, coarse/fine aggregate ratio, and slump value were kept constant. It was determined that the mixture containing 40% recycled concrete aggregate and 60% pumice as fine aggregate exhibited superior performance in terms of unit weight, compressive strength, and thermal conductivity