Jurnal Ilmiah Biologi Eksperimen dan Keanekaragaman Hayati (J-BEKH)
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Local Wisdom Of The People Of Kemlaten Village Parengan Sub-District In Utilizing Wild Plants
Full text linkThe community of Kemlaten village has a habit of using wild plants as food and medicine. The purpose of this study was to describe the types of wild plants used by the Kemlaten village community, Parengan District, as food and medicine and as well as their morphology. This quantitative descriptive study was conducted in March-April 2022 in the Kemlaten village area. The results of the study showed that there were 25 species of wild plants used as food and medicine by the Kemlaten villagers. Of the 25 wild plant species, 32% are used as food and 68% as medicine. The results of the morphological analysis of wild plants used as food and medicine by the villagers of Kemlaten are dominated by single-leaf plants and woody stems. The morphology of these wild plants differs from one another according to the type or family of these wild plants
Characterization of Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria from Three Types of Soil Rhizosphere and Their Potency to Increase Growth of Corn Plants (Zea mays)
No full textPemberian dosis pupuk P (fosfat) yang tinggi tidak sejalan dengan ketersediaan P dalam tanah karena sebagian besar P terikat oleh Al, Fe dan Ca sehingga tidak tersedia bagi tanaman. Pemanfaatan mikrob pelarut P merupakan salah satu upaya dalam meningkatkan ketersediaan P yang dapat diserap oleh tanaman. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengisolasi, mengkarakterisasi dan menguji potensi mikroba pelarut P yang diisolasi dari tiga jenis rizosfer. Penelitian menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap (RAL) satu faktorial. Serangkaian karakterisasi melalui uji hipersensitivitas, uji pewarnaan gram, uji katalase, uji oksidase, uji kebutuhan oksigen, uji motilitas, kemampuan menggunakan berbagai sumber karbon (glukosa, laktosa, dan sukrosa), uji metil merah, dan uji pertumbuhan pada berbagai pH . Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 5 bakteri pelarut P terpilih (Ca-Al-7, Ca-Al-8, Ca-Al-4, Ca-NF-1, dan Ca-NF-3) bukan patogen tanaman, dengan nilai kelarutan fosfat berturut-turut 1,7; 2,9; 2,5; 3,1; 3,2 berpengaruh nyata terhadap parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, biomassa segar dan kering tanaman Zea mays setelah inokulasi 4 minggu (p < 0,05)
Stomata Diversity Profile of Several Coffee Species at the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Center
Full text linkStomata are a special part of plants, namely a number of leaf epidermal cells, both the upper and lower surface epidermis of the leaves. Stomata function as a place for CO2 to enter from the air in the process of photosynthesis, where respiration and transpiration take place so that stomata are an important tissue in plant metabolic processes. Observing stomata using a microscope is an effective and easy way to determine the type of stomata in angiosperm plants. This research was conducted on November 19 2022 with the aim of determining the type and diversity of stomata on several types of coffee plants at the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Center. The method used in this research is an exploratory survey method, while the replica method is used to look at leaf stomata, namely applying nail polish to the leaf surface and identifying the type of stomata using a qualitative descriptive method. The survey found that there were 9 types of coffee plants at the Indonesian Coffee and Cocoa Research Center. The results of the research show that the type of stomata on coffee plants based on the number and arrangement of neighboring cells is classified as a parasitic type. This can be seen from the presence of two neighboring cells surrounding the guard cell and the location of these cells parallel to the guard cell
Effect of Pyriproxyfen, a Malaria Vector Larvicide, on the Growth and Mortality of Vannamei Shrimp
Full text linkAnopheles mosquito shared a breeding site with the vannamei shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei). Anopheles mosquito larvae commonly live in both stagnant fresh and brackish water. The potential breeding habitat of Anopheles mosquito larvae may be rice fields, pools or ponds, swamps, ditches, and slow-current streams. One of the effective strategies to control malaria is to apply chemical insecticides. Pyriproxifen is a larvicide that contains juvenile hormone-like compounds. Juvenile hormone-like compounds can affect mosquito morphogenesis, characterized by the failure of the larvae to develop into pupae. With a completely randomized design, the shrimp fry was divided into 4 groups, 6 repetitions, 20 individuals each. Shrimp fry in each experimental unit was placed and maintained in plastic jars containing 2.5 L of brackish water. The results showed that the insect growth regulator (IGR) with the active ingredient pyriproxyfen at various concentrations had no significant effect on the growth, mortality, and survival of vannamei shrimp fry. It can be concluded therefore that pyriproxifen larvicide was safe to be used for controlling malaria mosquito vectors in hatcheries and breeding ponds of vannamei shrimp
Population Dynamics of Dragonflies at The Paddy Field Ecosystem, Sidorejo, Central Bengkulu
Full text linkThe rice fields of Sidorejo Village have the potential for dragonfly diversity. This study aims to analyze fluctuations in the diversity and abundance of dragonflies in three ecosystem conditions of rice fields in Sidorejo Village, Bengkulu Tengah. Sampling using purposive sampling with the cruising method. Data analysis was carried out descriptively through the identification of characteristics to obtain the name of the species. After the species name was obtained, the relative abundance, Shannon Wienner diversity index, and species evenness index were calculated. The results of the study found that the harvest ecosystem had the highest diversity and abundance of dragonflies (13 species and 45 individuals). The species that were consistently found in three types of ecosystems were Orthetrum sabina, O. testaceum, and Pantala flavescens. The species with the highest relative abundance was O. sabina with 32%. The diversity index ranged from 1.32 (post-harvest) to 2.25 (harvest). The highest evenness index was in the post-harvest ecosystem at 0.95, and the lowest was in the harvest ecosystem at 0.87. The results of this study are expected to show that the diversity and abundance of dragonflies fluctuate depending on seasonal ecosystem conditions in the rice fields
Species Diversity and Cave-Bat Conservation Efforts in Aoma Village, Wolasi District -Southeast Sulawesi
Full text linkIndonesia a tropical country that remains warm all year, has the largest biodiversity. This study aims to determine the diversity of bats of the order Microchiroptera in Rau Cave, Wolasi, Conservation (Protected) Forest area, around Aoma Village, South Konawe Regency. Data collection was carried out using a mist net measuring 6 x 2 meters which were stretched in front of the mouth of the cave at 16.00 before the bats came out looking for food and harvested at 06.00-0.700. The trapped bats were identified using the Sulawesi Bat and its role in the health sector, and other relevant references. The results showed that there were 26 trapped bats consisting of 5 species, namely Rhinolopus arcuatus (Prok Bruk Sulawesi), Hipposideros ater (Barong gauld), Dobsonia viridis (Kubu Hijau), Miniopterus australis (Tomosu australi) and Hipposideros dinops (Barong horsfield). The species found consisted of 2 families, namely the families Rhinolopidae and Hipposideridae, and consisted of 2 genera, namely the genera of Dobsonia and Miniopterus. The diversity index shows a value (H') = 0.986, which indicates a low category in diversity and a Margalef wealth index (R) of 0.26. It is necessary to conserve plant species both for eating insects and for food sources for Microchiroptera bats in their feeding groun
Size Shortening of Body Parts of Fetus Mice (Mus musculus L.) After Giving Bitter Melon Fruit Extract (Momordica charantia L.)
Full text linkBitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is a plant that has traditional medicinal properties. In bitter melon fruit, there are several toxic compounds, namely momordicoside K and L, which are thought to have cytotoxic properties. This study aims to determine the teratogenic effect of bitter melon fruit extract given to pregnant females on the length of the fetus' cranium and sternum. Bitter melon fruit extraction was carried out using the maceration method using 95% ethanol. By using a completely randomized design 20 male mice and 20 female mice were divided into 4 groups. Each group consisting of 5 pregnant female mice was given bitter melon extract orally starting from day 6 to day 17 of pregnancy once a day in the morning with a treatment dose of aquabidest as a control [A], [B] 22.5 mg/30 gr BW, [C] 30 mg/30 gr BW, and [D] 37.5 mg/30 gr BW. Next, the female mice were dissected, the fetus was removed and the length of the cranium and the length of the sternum were measured. The results showed that in general, the administration of bitter melon fruit extract caused a decrease in the average length of the cranium and sternum. The results of the further analysis with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) at the 5% level showed that administering doses of [B], [C], and [D] had a significant effect on reducing the length of the cranium and sternum. The most effective dose to reduce the length of the cranium and sternum of fetal mice is 37.5 mg/30 g B
Analysis of Taurine Content in Microalgae Tetraselmis sp. Cultured at Different Salinities
Full text linkTaurine is a non-essential sulfur-containing amino acid with the chemical formula C2H7NO3S. These compounds play an important role in maintaining the smooth running of various processes in the body. Tetraselmis sp. is one of the microalgae known to have a taurine biosynthetic pathway via the serine/sulfate pathway. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of culture salinity on taurine content produced by microalgae Tetraselmis sp. which was dissolved using 96% ethanol. The samples obtained were then tested using UV-Vis spectrophotometry using standard synthetic taurine as a comparison. Based on the research results, the maximum absorption was obtained at a wavelength of 630 nm, and the regression equation y = 0.001x + 0.033 was obtained and had a correlation coefficient of r = 1. Based on the analysis results showed that all samples contained taurine. Samples at a salinity of 25 ppt contained an average of 2.82 ml/100g of taurine, while a culture salinity of 35 ppt contained an average of 4.03 ml/100g of taurine. From these data it is known that the highest taurine level was found at a culture salinity of 35 ppt, while the lowest taurine level was at a culture salinity of 25 ppt. This indicates that the higher the culture salinity, the higher the taurine content produced by the microalgae Tetraselmis sp. The phenomenon of increased taurine due to salinity stress is thought to be due to an increase in free amino acids in microalgae cells to produce metabolites that are used to defend themselves due to salinity stress. The function of taurine in this microalgae is thought to be an organic osmolyte in the cells of the Tetraselmis sp. microalgae
Effect Concentration of Teak Leaf Extract on the Diameter of the Inhibitory Zone Xanthomonas oryzae
Full text linkIndonesia is an agricultural country with the majority of the population working in the agricultural sector. According to the Central Statistics Agency of Indonesia, rice production in 2022 is estimated at 9.58 million tons, down by 0.04 million tons or 0.41 percent compared to 2021 which was around 9.62 million tons. The rise and fall of rice production was influenced by several problems. One of the causes of the delay in rice production is leaf blight caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae reducing rice yields by 30-40%. This research was to examine the use of teak leaf extract in inhibiting the growth of X. oryzae bacteria. The results showed that there was an effect of various concentrations of teak leaf extract (Tectona grandis) on the inhibition zone of X. oryzae. The effective concentration of teak leaf extract in inhibiting Xanthomonas oryzae bacteria is 20%
The Identification of Animals that Have the Potential as Seed Dispersers in the West Lampung Biodiversity Park : Identifikasi satwa yang berpotensi sebagai penyebar biji di Taman Keanekaragaman Hayati, Lampung Barat
No full textWest Lampung Biodiversity Park is a biodiversity conservation area established in 2015. The purpose of establishing a biodiversity park is to provide a reserve area, both in-situ and/or ex-situ, for local biological resources, especially plants whose structure and composition can support the existence and sustainability of animal diversity. One group of animals that has an important role in the sustainability of flora biodiversity is seed disperser. This research was conducted to find out the current biodiversity status of animals having potential as seed dispersers. The research was carried out in September–November 2021 using interview and observation methods. The data was analyzed descriptively. The results show that in the West Lampung Biodiversity Park, 10 types of animals have the potential to spread seeds, consisting of 4 members of the aves class and 6 members of the mammal class. There are 4 types of fruit spread by Aves and 17 types of seeds spread by Mammal