Linguistic Forum (LinFo) (E-Journal)
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The Analysis of Light Verbs in Relation to Main Verbs: A Cross-linguistics Study
Get PDFThe study highlights Punjabi light verbs in relation to main and auxiliary verbs.It describes the Punjabi verbs’ classification on the basis of light verbs in relationto main verbs and auxiliary verbs. The study aims todescribe light verb structure in Punjabi and English language that how they are similar or different form each other. The researcher analyzed some light verbs of Punjabi and English language in detailto see that how they are semantically, syntactically and phonologically similar or differentandhas pointed out the characteristics of the light verbs keeping in view the functions they perform in respect withthe argument structure in which they occur.The analysis of the collected data was done manually regarding the sequence of light+ main verbs.The study also finds out the sequence of light verbs in relation with main verbs
An ESP Approach to Analyze the Current Teaching Practices and Curriculum of Political Science in University of Karachi
Get PDFThe paper tends to present an in-depth view of current practices to teach English in department of political science in one of the public sector universities of Sindh. It specifically narrows down its vision to teach specific English course to students of Political science in University of Karachi, Pakistan. The data has been collected with the help of three important methods. It was to find the appropriate curriculum of English that could have meet with the needs of students in specialty. The study even analyses the teaching strategies that have been adopted to teach English to students of political science. This step followed to decipher the learning lacks in students. The results have suggested for the design of specific English curriculum to the students of political science. The curriculum that could bring clarity in practices of teaching methodologies adopted to teach English in connection to particular norm of ESP practice and analysis of students’ wants. This has overall forwarded suggestions to incorporate teaching of ESP in department of political science that could result beneficial for learning of students.  
Figurative Language in Layla Al-Atrash’s Nesa’a Ala Al-Mafareq: A Stylistic Analysis
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze Layla Al-Atrash’s Nesa’a Ala Al-Mafareq stylistically to address the issue of an identity crisis and self-alienation by shedding light on the Arabic narrative discourse that is used by Al-Atrash in the selected novel. The stylistic analysis focuses on casting lights on how the five protagonists of the selected novel employed their feminist narrative discourse to represent their suffering and how the old cultural and social values affect their lives. To achieve the aim of the study, the researcher relies on Geffrey Leech's (2006) theory of figurative language to analyze the novel. Accordingly, this study is considered as the first study focusing on analyzing the language used by Al-Atrash linguistically in light of the stylistic analysis of figurative speech such as a simile, metaphor, hyperbole, personification, and metonymy. The researcher used both qualitative and quantitative approaches with (SPSS) program for statistics. The results showed that Al Atrash succeeded in utilizing her feminist narrative discourse linguistically to introduce the catastrophic situation the woman has in the masculine society. Taking into consideration metonyms with the highest rates (189) indicating the problems that the Arab woman encounters without finding a solution. Although hyperbole (126= 23%) refers to the writer's trial to support the readers with the perfect image of a woman’s life and why she surrenders to reality and accepts the outdated conventions and traditions
Impact of Teacher Training Programs on Teachers’ Performance: A Case of In-Service English Language Secondary School Teachers in Pakistan
Get PDFIn-service teacher training is key for teachers to meet the challenges in education. The present research aims to explore the impacts of in-service teachers training programs on English language teaching. Moreover, the current study was to focus on the need of teachers through in-service training programs for effective teaching of English and to implement these training programs. The research was quantitative and population was secondary school English teachers in Punjab, Pakistan. 237 teachers were selected as sample of this study. Unsystematic sampling technique was used to collect the data from the respondents through survey method by using administered questionnaire. SPSS Version-25 was constructed in order to analyze the data. The findings of this research show a significant effect of training programs of teachers. The present study is helpful to guide English language teacher trainers to analyze their training programs to bring improvements in their trainings; in order to produce effective English language teachers. It is helpful to select a program for the training of in-service teachers in Punjab, Pakistan with respect to its being innovative and effective during the teaching
The Word gid in Najdi Arabic: An Evidentiality Head
Get PDFThis research paper investigates the word gid which is used in Najdi Arabic, a dialect spoken in Najd region in Arabic peninsula. This particle is analyzed syntactically using the recent assumptions of the minimalist program (Chomsky 1993, 1995, and subsequent work). As for the findings, it turns out that gid functions as a head that instantiates its maximal projection above TP and under CP. So, this word is not a property of TP domain nor a CP domain. Due to the fact that this word is only used when a speaker is certain of the propositional content of his/her utterance, we argue that gid is an evidential head that scopes over the tense layer. Furthermore, we argue that gid has an EPP feature, hence the specifier position of the functional phases headed by it must be filled by some element which is the subject. This accounts for the fact that subject must precede gid in declarative sentences. Additionally, gid has [PAST] feature which is uninterpretable and hence must be deleted before the derivation is handed over to the LF following the general lines of feature deletion of Chomsky (1995 and 2005). We argue that the deletion of [PAST] feature is conducted through an Agree operation that is established between gid and the verb. This is why gid comes exclusively with past tense. Otherwise [PAST] feature on gid remains active, leading to the ungrammaticality of the given sentenc
Implementation of Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) at the University Level
Get PDFRecently Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) has become well established in the educational system of Kazakhstan. CLIL means teaching a subject, in our case economics and business, through the second language, the Kazakh language at Nazarbayev University. The paper examines the effectiveness of this approach, and provides guidelines for the successful implementation of CLIL. One of the main advantages of this approach is content-driven; the dual focus of teaching both the subject and the language together will increase students’ motivation to learn the target language. Learning the language becomes more focused, as the language is used to solve specific communicative tasks. Thus, the ability to communicate in the Kazakh language in a professional context becomes, after all, a priority. This article explores the language of economics and business based on the subject and language materials in the Kazakh language. The author provides suggestions for designing economics- and business-related tasks that both support and develop this language in the classroom. The article concludes with a discussion of the implications of the CLIL approach as it relates to the education of language teachers, their professional challenges, and the development of curriculum materials for students who study economics and business language in Kazakh
An Investigation into the Teacher Talk and Questions in English as a Foreign Language Classrooms
Get PDFIn the present study, the quantity and quality of teacher talk and highly used question types in EFL classrooms were investigated. For this purpose, 3 English teachers working at a foundation university participated in the study. Data were gathered from the video recording of three different classes including 60 English as foreign language learners. Conversation Analysis was used to analyze the data. The findings of the study revealed that teacher talk takes most of the class time and teachers employ mostly display questions rather than referential questions in the language learning process. Even though teacher talk is essential in the teaching and instruction process, there should be a balance between teacher talk time and student talk time by encouraging students to participate in the learning process more actively and asking more referential questions, which can promote a more interactive classroom atmosphere
Lavender Language in Smile as they Bow Translated by Alfred Birnbaum and Thi Thi Aye
Get PDFAccording to Maxwell (2003), lavender linguistics has been an intriguing study of language including pronunciation, lexicons and semantic ranges used particularly by gays and lesbians. This paper aims to investigate lavender language used by natkataws who are gay spirit mediums in comparison with male speech by straight men in Alfred Birnbaum and Thi Thi Aye’s English translated version of the novel Smile as they Bow originally written by Nu Nu Yi (Inwa, 2007). In analyzing lavender language, gay speech characteristics proposed by Jacobs (1996), Berrett (1997), Livia (1997), Podesva, Roberts and Campbell-Kibler (2001), and Lakoff (2004) were adapted to form a model. Descriptive qualitative method was used to convey comprehensive account on gay speech features in the novel and quantitative method was applied in numerical analysis of collected data using Concordance in WordSmith Tool 8.0 and Stepwise Multiple Regression (IBM SPSS Statistics 26.0). Results of the research proved that the use of gay language expressions and their grammatical functions depended on sexuality – Gay or Straight. It is hoped that this paper will serve as in initiative for researchers of lavender linguistics to observe language used by gays and lesbians in literature to justify how natural the queer language observed in literature is
COVID-19 Advertorials Accentuating Fright and Xenophobia in Ecosystem: An Eco-linguistic Approach to SFL
Get PDFThis present study explores manipulation of language of COVID-19 advertorials to achieve specific goal of fear and xenophobia among people through ecolinguistic study of five advertorials published on COVID-19 on five global websites. To the best of author’s knowledge, no research has been conducted on advertorials of different websites in this COVID-19 language context. The purpose of this research is to investigate and apply M.A.K. Halliday’s 3 semantic meta-functions proposed in Systemic Functional Linguistics (henceforth SFL) on corona advertorials from ecolinguistic perspective. Collection of 5 corona advertorials was gathered as data from 5 different websites. Only one corona advertorial from each website was built. Ecolinguistic analysis of Halliday’s 3 meta-function was adopted as analytical framework to analyse elements of fear and xenophobia in the language of COVID-19 advertorials. Present research employed qualitative, descriptive method containing observation. Results revealed that 3 meta-functions of ecolinguistic SFL can be used in shedding light on use of language in these advertorials to sustain and invigorate a global narrative of fright and xenophobia. Findings showed that language of COVID-19 advertorials accentuates elements of fright and xenophobia in ecosystem. Results of current study will deliver a guideline of didactic inferences for future researchers in the field
English Language Teachers’ Experience on Online Teaching amidst COVID-19
Get PDFThe COVID-19 pandemic closed schools forcing adoption of online teaching in most of the countries of the world including Nepal. With the help of two secondary level English language teachers’ experience on online teaching, this article aims to reveal the perceptions, challenges and the ways to overcome such challenges on online teaching. The data collected via unstructured interviews and informal conversations were analyzed using general inductive approach. The findings reveal that English language teachers take online class as both opportunity and challenge. Opportunity in the sense that they have got chance to experience something new and challenge in the sense that though they try their utmost, they are not able to make online class as interactive as face to face class. They make the guardians aware of their children’s activities to cope the challenges they face. Moreover, online class can be a good supplement to face to face class rather than replacement to it