International Journal of Social Science and Religion (IJSSR)
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Establishing Criteria for Zakat Collectors in the Management of Zakat Fitrah Funds
Full text linkThis study examines the operational criteria for selecting and evaluating amil zakat in managing zakat fitrah funds in Salatiga City, Indonesia. It aims to identify challenges and propose reforms to enhance accountability and equitable distribution of zakat, supporting poverty alleviation. This research uses a qualitative field research design, data were collected via semi-structured interviews, observations, and document review in several mosques and UPZ units in Salatiga City. Content analysis identified key themes and examined selection criteria and administrative challenges with rigorous precision. The findings reveal that informal appointment practices and lack of standardized competency assessments undermine effective zakat management. Inconsistent distribution practices, seasonal collections, and reliance on ad hoc committees’ compromise transparency, reducing the socio-economic impact of zakat fitrah funds across community levels. The study’s results offer actionable recommendations for policymakers and zakat institutions. They are useful for enhancing governance in Islamic social finance, guiding reforms in zakat management, and improving equitable resource allocation in community development, religious studies, and socio-economic policy globally. The novelty, uniquely integrates traditional Islamic jurisprudence with modern administrative practices to develop a replicable framework for amil zakat selection. It advances current knowledge by addressing a critical gap in operational mechanisms, offering innovative insights into enhancing zakat management efficacy
The Role of Jāmiʿ Mosques in Indonesia’s Religious Landscape: A Discourse-Historical Study of Raudlatul Jannah Mosque, Probolinggo, East Java
Full text linkThe dynamics of mosque empowerment are very diverse, especially in terms of empowering the Muslim community. People often think of mosques as merely places of worship, when in fact mosques can also serve as venues for cultural, social, and even educational activities. The diversity of mosques in Indonesia has unique characteristics, multicultural references, and various typologies from ancient times to the present generation. This study examines various contexts, including historical aspects, the scope of mosque typology research, the relevance of mosques in the development of Islam, and the description of the spread of Islam in the Nusantara region through mosques, particularly in the empowerment of Muslim communities in the Probolinggo region. This research employs a qualitative-descriptive approach with a case study design. Data sources include various forms of evidence, such as interviews, observations, documents, and other visual sources. The collected data was analyzed using an interactive data analysis model, which includes data conditioning, data presentation, and conclusions. The findings show that mosques are a distinctive feature of a region that can provide various relevancies for the Probolinggo community while highlighting the moral aspects inherited from the Prophet Muhammad, which are not limited to verbal advice but also reflect behavior and character examples in accordance with the guidance of the Qur'an. Additionally, it provides community empowerment and typologies of mosques throughout the Probolinggo region
The Relevance of Islamic Values in the Javanese-Sunda Customary Marriage Tradition
Full text linkThis study aims to analyze the relevance and implementation of Islamic values in Javanese-Sundanese traditional marriage traditions in Brebes, by comparing ideal norms with socio-cultural practices prevailing in the community. In this context, Islamic values serve as normative guidelines that Influence the marriage process, while Javanese-Sundanese customs, as part of local culture, influence various stages of the procession. This study used a qualitative approach with observation and in-depth interviews involving marriage participants, traditional leaders, and religious figures. Data were analyzed using a socio-cultural approach to understand the extent to which Islamic values are applied in marriage traditions and how the community balances religious demands with local wisdom. The results show that although Islamic norms are generally respected, there are several adjustments in Javanese-Sundanese traditional marriage practices. This reflects the community's efforts to maintain its cultural identity while still fulfilling religious demands. These findings emphasize the importance of understanding the relationship between religion and culture in creating social harmony
Digital Leadership and Innovation in Indonesia’s Public Administration: Insights from the Govtech INA Digital Reform
Full text linkThis study explores how digital leadership influences innovation in Indonesia’s public sector amid the nationwide implementation of GovTech INA Digital and the updated Electronic Based Government System (SPBE). Using a qualitative, phenomenological design, the research draws on nine in-depth interviews with central and regional government officials, complemented by document analysis and observation. Thematic analysis revealed four key themes: visionary and communicative leadership, organizational digital capability, innovation culture and citizen co-creation, and institutional agility amid policy shocks. Visionary and communicative leadership enabled shared alignment across agencies, while empowerment-based leadership strengthened organizational capability. A culture of openness and co-creation fostered sustained innovation, although bureaucratic rigidity still limited rapid experimentation. Institutional reforms and crises particularly the 2024 PDNS ransomware incident tested leadership agility, revealing that adaptive leaders effectively transformed disruption into opportunities for systemic learning. The findings conceptualize digital leadership as an adaptive capability operating across behavioral, structural, cultural, and contextual pathways. The study contributes to digital governance theory by demonstrating how leadership behaviors and institutional contexts co-evolve to sustain innovation. Policy implications highlight the need for leadership development programs that combine strategic foresight, digital literacy, and participatory governance to enhance resilience and innovation in public administration
The Authority of Islamic Legal Fatwa: An Analytical Study of al-Qarāfī's Perspectives
Full text linkThe tradition of madhhabs has been essential in shaping Islamic law, where the authority to issue fatwas guides Muslim communities and resolves legal issues. A crucial question concerns who legitimately holds this authority. This study examines the classical scholar al-Qarāfī's (626–684 AH/1228–1285 CE) contributions to fatwa authority, highlighting his flexible, integrative approach amid evolving legal needs. Using critical literature review and textual analysis, including al-Qarāfī's al-Furūq, the study explores the qualifications and limits of muftī and mujtahids, situating his views within historical debates on legal pluralism and madhhab adherence. Al-Qarāfī distinguishes two fatwa methodologies: qaulī (following authoritative madhhab opinions) and manhajī (employing ijtihad to derive new rulings). He permits qualified non-mujtahids (muqallids) to issue fatwas under certain conditions and classifies knowledge seekers (ṭālib al-‘ilm) into competency levels to define fatwa authority boundaries. His integrative model balances madhhab fidelity with flexibility, addressing tensions between orthodoxy and new legal realities. Al-Qarāfī's approach supports adaptive jurisprudence, recommending pluralism and methodological flexibility to meet modern Islamic law's complexities while preserving fatwa legitimacy
Abbasid Gold Coins at the Bangladesh National Museum: A Numismatic and Historical Analysis
Full text linkThis article examines the numismatic and historical significance of eight unpublished Abbasid gold coins housed in the Bangladesh National Museum, focusing on their identification, inscriptional analysis, and historical relevance within the context of early Arab-Bengal trade relations. Discovered in 1996 and 2002 in the Chandpur and Brahmanbaria districts, adjacent to the historically significant archaeological site of Samatata, these coins have received little scholarly attention beyond basic acquisition records. The study employs a historical-numismatic approach, integrating primary sources such as the coins themselves and museum records with relevant secondary literature. It uncovers key numismatic details, including issuing authorities, minting origins, physical characteristics, and inscriptions affirming Islamic monotheism and venerating the Prophet Muhammad (SAW). Through analysis of these inscriptions, the study highlights notable features of Abbasid gold coinage and offers insights into the religious and political dynamics of the period. These coins serve as important material evidence within the broader historical context of early Arab interactions with ancient Bengal, particularly in the sphere of maritime commerce. References in Arab-Persian geographical texts further suggest Bengal's prominence as a commercial hub integrated into early Islamic trade networks. The discovery of these coins substantiates such accounts, illustrating the extent of Arab-Bengal trade relations from the eighth to the tenth centuries. Ultimately, the research situates these coins not merely as monetary instruments, but as artefacts of transregional connectivity and ideological dissemination during the early Islamic period
Recontextualizing the Juridical Foundations of Islamic Banking Contracts through the Lens of Qawāʿid Maṣrafiyyah
Full text linkThis research analyzes the regulatory complexities inherent in Islamic banking contracts by adopting the framework of qawāʿid maṣrafiyyah (Islamic banking legal maxims), aiming to establish a more actionable and context-sensitive model of sharīʿah-compliant legitimacy. It critically addresses the lack of innovation in contract development, which is primarily attributed to the entrenched influence of rigid and literalist fiqh interpretations that narrowly frame legal reasoning within the dichotomy of ḥalāl and ḥarām. Through a content analysis approach combined with the methodological tools of uṣūl al-fiqh, this study endeavors to revitalize the operational relevance of legal maxims, particularly in addressing the complex realities of modern Islamic financial transactions. The ultimate goal is to broaden the interpretive framework available to Islamic legal scholars, enabling them to craft more responsive and forward-looking contractual models that align with the evolving dynamics of the global banking landscape. Key contributions of this study include: (1) the formulation of a normative and adaptable regulatory structure for Islamic banking contracts; (2) the reconfiguration of qawāʿid maṣrafiyyah as a practical and situationally attuned regulatory alternative; and (3) the inductive derivation of these maxims from the empirical challenges encountered in the Islamic banking industry
Exploring Slavery Practices in 19th Century Bengal: Insights from Two Unpublished Human Sale Deeds at the Bangladesh National Museum
Full text linkThis study explores the historical significance of two unpublished human sale deeds, dated 1214 and 1215 (1807-1808 AD), preserved in the Bangladesh National Museum. Collected in 1980 AD from Mymensingh District of Bangladesh, they provide significant insight into the practice of self-slavery in Bengal during the early 19th century under British colonial rule. Written in Bengali and Sanskrit using the 19th century Proto-Bengali script, these deeds reveal the dire socio-economic conditions that compelled individuals to sell themselves or their family members into servitude in exchange for basic necessities such as food, clothing, and minimal monetary price. Employing a qualitative research approach, this study integrates document analysis, translation, and historical contextualization to interpret the texts and explore their legal, socio-economic, and cultural implications. The findings indicate that the devastating consequences of the Famine of 1770, the exploitative revenue system formed by the Permanent Settlement of 1793, and deep-rooted inequalities within rural society contributed to an environment in 19th century Bengal where survival often necessitated the forfeiture of personal freedom. By situating these findings within the broader context of global discussions on slavery, the research challenges the dominant colonial narratives of progress and highlights the inequality and labor exploitation in contemporary society
Eco-Mosque and Climate Change Campaign: An Ecolinguistic Study and Philosophy of Islamic Law
Full text linkThis study examines the concept of eco-mosques as a campaign to strengthen the ecological movement in contemporary Islamic discourse. Ecological campaigns have also been carried out through digital platforms such as the Instagram account @ecomasjid.id, which seeks to reinterpret Islamic values to build ecological awareness through social media campaigns. This study analyzes the construction of eco-theological messages disseminated through the Instagram account @ecomasjid.id. Using a netnographic approach, data was collected from posts, text descriptions, and visual material, then analyzed through the frameworks of ecolinguistics, ecosophy, and maqāṣid al-sharī‘ah. The results show that @ecomasjid.id places ecological responsibility as an integral part of Islamic ethics, emphasizing environmental concern as a manifestation of faith. Maqāṣid principles such as the preservation of life, reason, and property are not presented descriptively, but rather articulated in persuasive narratives that link sustainability with spirituality and community welfare. These findings show that Islamic digital activism is capable of reconstructing classical fiqh concepts to respond to global ecological challenges. Theoretically, this research enriches the study of the transformation of digital da'wah and the integration of maqāṣid values into the ecological consciousness of Muslims
Management Model of BUMDes Girimulyo in the Era of Digitalization of Giripurno Village Community, Batu City
No full textThis study explores the management model of the Girimulyo Village-Owned Enterprise (BUMDes) in Giripurno Village, Batu City, within the context of village digitalization. The Girimulyo BUMDes oversees key businesses, including an egg-laying chicken farm and cafes, which contribute to local economic empowerment. Despite its considerable potential, the management of BUMDes still relies on traditional practices that do not fully leverage digital technology, leading to suboptimal effectiveness and limited capacity for community empowerment. Employing a descriptive qualitative approach, this research utilizes case studies, purposive sampling, observation, interviews, and documentation to gather data. The findings suggest that the integration of digital technology into BUMDes operations could enhance administrative efficiency, transparency, and accountability, while also broadening marketing reach. Furthermore, the quality of human resources is identified as a crucial factor in the success of digitalization efforts. However, challenges such as inadequate infrastructure, resistance to change, and the need for training must be addressed to ensure the sustainability of digitalization. The study concludes that a management model supported by digital innovation and human resource development can foster the independence and well-being of village communities in an inclusive and sustainable manner