Jurnal Konstitusi
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Membedah Doktrin Kerugian Konstitusional
Get PDFPenetapan ukuran kerugian konstitusional memiliki kedudukan strategis sebagai pintu gerbang atas pengujian norma yang hendak diuji. Mahkamah Konstitusi merumuskan syarat kerugian konstitusional berdasarkan penafsiran Pasal 51 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi. Doktrin kerugian konstitusional terdiri dari lima syarat yang dapat diklasifikasikan dalam dua kelompok. Kelompok pertama berisikan unsur-unsur yang harus dipenuhi pemohon terdiri dari (i) adanya hak dan/atau kewenangan konstitusional dan (ii) ada kerugian. Kelompok kedua merupakan prosedur pengujian mengenai ukuran kerugian yang diderita pemohon yang didalamnya yang terdiri dari (i) bentuk kerugian, (ii) hubungan kausalitas dan (iii) pemulihan kerugian. Kelima syarat ini bersifat kumulatif. Dalam penerapannya, doktrin kerugian konstitusional ini sangatlah dinamis. Ada kecenderungan bahwa doktrin ini menyimpan permasalahan. Tulisan ini berupaya mengidentifikasi masalah yang ada dalam penerapan doktrin kerugian konstitusional. Salah satunya adalah tumpang tindihnya antara pembuktian hak konstitusional pemohon dalam bagian kedudukan hukum dengan pengujian norma dalam pokok perkara. Sedangkan konkretisasi pembuktian unsur kerugian berkelindan dengan pengujiannya dalam kelompok doktrin kedua. Oleh karenanya, tulisan ini berkesimpulan bahwa telah ada kebutuhan untuk melakukan penyempurnaan doktrin kerugian konstitusional dengan melakukan penafsiran ulang atas Pasal 51 ayat (1) Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi dan tidak lagi mencantumkan kelompok pertama dalam doktrin kerugian konstitusional untuk pemeriksaan pengujian Undang-Undang di masa yang akan datang.The concept of constitutional injury is a substantial pre-requisite in the examination of judicial review case. The Constitutional Court drafted the concept as an interpretation of Article 51(1) of the Law on the Constitutional Court. It consists of five conditions that can be classified into two groups. The first group contains elements that must be met by the applicant which are (i) constitutional rights and/or authorities and (ii) injuries. The second group is the test in regard to the size of the injury suffered by the applicant therein consisting of (i) forms of injury, (ii) causality and (iii) redressability. The requirement is accumulative. Yet in practice the doctrine is variedly applied. There is tendency the doctrine itself causes problems. This paper seeks to identify the problems and aimed to give solution to the problem. Two problems are identified, one is an overlap examination of constitutional rights in standing and also in ratio decidendi. Another one is that the injury element in the doctrine intertwined with its own testing in the second group of the doctrine. Therefore, this paper concludes that there is a need to revise the doctrine with reinterpretation of Article 51 (1) of the Law and recommend not to exclude the first group of the doctrine
Akomodasi Politik Hukum di Indonesia terhadap Hak Asasi Manusia Berdasarkan Generasi Pemikirannya
Get PDFKeberadaan jaminan atas perlindungan HAM telah menjadi unsur penting dalam negara hukum yang demokratis dan berdasarkan konstitusi. Indonesia sebagai negara hukum, telah mewujudkan jaminan perlindungan HAM yang tertuang dalam konstitusinya yaitu Undang-Undang Dasar 1945. Meskipun demikian, pencantuman jaminan HAM di Undang-Undang Dasar tidaklah cukup, melainkan harus diikuti pula oleh Undang-Undang yang berlaku sebagai bentuk politik hukum perlindungan HAM di Indonesia. Muatan suatu produk hukum termasuk akomodasi HAM akan sangat ditentukan oleh visi politik kelompok penguasa. Akomodasi politik hukum di Indonesia terhadap konsepsi HAM berdasarkan generasi pemikirannya terus mengalami perkembangan sejak memasuki era reformasi. Produk hukum mengenai HAM menjadi lebih banyak dihasilkan dibandingkan sebelum reformasi. Konfigurasi politik pada saat dimulainya reformasi tahun 1998 dan peralihan dari rezim otoriter ke alam demokrasi turut melatarbelakangi produk hukum mengenai HAM. Pada era demokrasi, produk hukum yang dihasilkan pun didominasi oleh akomodasi terhadap HAM generasi pertama yakni hak sipil dan hak politik yang dipandang sebagai suplemen utama bagi penyelenggaraan negara demokrasi. Meskipun demikian, adanya pembagian generasi HAM bukan berarti membedakan perlakuan pemenuhan dan perlindungannya karena masing-masing saling berkaitan dan dibutuhkan.The guarantee of human rights protection has become an important element in a democratic and contitutional law state. Indonesia as a law state, has put human rights protection guarantees enshrined in its constitution, UUD 1945. However, the inclusion of human rights guarantees in the constitution is not enough, but must be followed by the Act in force as a law politics of human rights protection in Indonesia. Accomodation of human rights protection will be determined by the political vision of the ruler. Accommodation of law politics in Indonesia for the conception of human rights based on the generation have been developing since the reformation era. Act of human rights became more widely produced than before the reformation era. Political configuration at the 1998’s reformation and the transition from an authoritarian regime to democracy era is background of human rights protection development. In the era of democracy, law product is dominated by the accommodation on the first generation of human rights like civil rights and political rights. They are seen as a major supplement for the holding of democratic countries. Nevertheless, the distribution of generation of human rights does not mean differentiating treatment compliance and protection because they each are related and necessary
Logika, Penalaran, dan Argumentasi Hukum
Get PDFDewasa ini pemahaman dan pengetahuan tentang logika, penalaran, dan argumentasi hukum semakin dibutuhkan tidak hanya bagi kalangan akademisi dalam bidang filsafat dan hukum melainkan terutama bagi para praktisi hukum seperti polisi, hakim, jaksa, pengacara, bahkan seluruh anggota masyarakat yang setiap hari berhadapan dengan persoalan-persoalan hukum. Sebagai bagian dari penalaran pada umumnya, penalaran hukum, meskipun memiliki sejumlah karakteristik yang berbeda, terikat pada kaidah-kaidah penalaran yang tepat seperti hukum-hukum berpikir, hukum-hukum silogisme, ketentuan tentang probabilitas induksi, dan kesesatan informal penalaran. Maka penalaran hukum bukahlah jenis penalaran yang berbeda dan terpisah dari logika sebagai ilmu tentang bagaimana berpikir secara tepat (sebagai salah satu cabang filsafat) melainkan bagaimana menerapkan kaidah-kaidah berpikir menurut ketentuan logika dalam bidang hukum. Artikel ini membahas kaidah-kaidah berpikir silogisme dan induksi. Aplikasi penalaran deduktif dan induksif dalam hukum dengan model IRAC (Issue, Rule, Argument, dan Conclusion) akan mengakhiri artikel ini
Kerangka Hukum Instrumen Ekonomi Lingkungan dalam Upaya Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca
Get PDFSalah satu permasalahan besar di bidang lingkungan hidup adalah kerusakan hutan. Untuk itulah pemerintah telah menyatakan komitmennya untuk menjaga hutan demi mengurangi laju emisi gas rumah kaca. Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan melalui Kota Pagar Alam telah secara aktif ikut mengambil peran dalam uapaya penurunan emisi tersebut. Pencapaian target penurunan emisi GRK provinsi seringkali mengalami kendala atau hambatan, khususnya yang terkait dengan pendanaan. Salah satu instrumen yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah instrumen ekonomi lingkungan hidup khususnya payment ecosystem services (PES). Untuk dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal, harus ada kerangka hukum yang mendasarinya. Untuk itulah penelitian ini dilakukan demi menganalisis kerangka hukum instrument ekonomi lingkungan hidup PES khususnya di Kota Pagar Alam. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis pustaka dari berbagai bentuk regulasi di level daerah dan nasional, data disimpulkan bahwa instrument ekonomi lingkungan hidup PES dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pelengkap mekanisme command and control dalam pengelolaan hutan untuk mendukung percepatan penurunan emisi GRK Kota Pagar Alam, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan
Instrumentasi Hukum Ham, Pembentukan Lembaga Perlindungan Ham di Indonesia dan Peran mahkamah Konstitusi
Get PDFPost-reform occurs instrumentation very progressive human rights law. Assessment, extraction, creation of new legal dimension of human rights take place so quickly. Many international conventions that have been ratified. At the same time, the protection of human rights organizations, both national and international are also emerging. The fall of the Orde Baru in the perspective some intellectual say as a sign of the receipt of the universalism of human rights in Indonesia. However, the substance of human rights law is made progressively still have many problems. The same is true of human rights protection institutions that have weaknesses, and tend to be attenuated. Among the many human rights agencies that overlap and do not go for the synergistic promotion of human rights in Indonesia. In that context, the Constitutional Court as the guardian of the constitution and is one of the human rights protector is expected to correct the errors of substance that are contrary to constitution and againt the human rights
Model Lembaga Pendaftaran Nama Domain Dikaitkan Dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 Menuju Kepastian Hukum
Get PDFThe research focuses on the institutional model of the domain name ditemukannhya formed by society but still under the control of government in which the formation of a domain name registration management agency ( registry ) was formed on the recommendation of a domain name forum so that in accordance with the principles contained in that form institutions UUITE domain name come from the government or the public and to ensure legal certainty of the user domain name. The method used is qualitative normative juridical using secondary data in the form of legislation in order to harmonize legislation both vertically and horizontally in order to find out the problems that occur in the establishment of a domain name and is supported by the primary data in the form of in-depth interviews with expertis in the field Information technology. The conclusion derived from this study is a model of the domain name registration body ( registrar ) is formed from the community who have received a license from the agency managing the domain name ( registry ) that has been recommended by the government through forums domain name
Politik Deliberatif dalam Musyawarah Perencanaan Pembangunan: Analisis Structures and Meanings Atas PP RI No. 28/2008
Get PDFThe atmosphere of Indonesian democratic decentralization presents an interesting phenomenon about the strength of demand at the local level participation. Participation was on its way, legally enshrined in both the legal basis, namely PP RI No. 8 Year 2008 about stage, preparation procedures, control and evaluation of Regional Development Plan (in legal terminology known as Musrenbang). That\u27s where the participation is so arranged that it gains the spirit of development planning in local areas level with the hope that it will combine top-down and bottom-up approaches. This study focuses on efforts to analyze the two legal basis from the perspective of theory and practice of deliberative democracy in which participation based on inter-subjective communication is at the heart of modern democratic state.In search of the analysis, the findings are somewhat surprising. Those are that in Musrenbang, the nuance was still top-down so that they are not worthy to be equated with the theory and practice of deliberative democracy. That top-down shade includes the initial planning, control and evaluation of which are still very elitist. In terms of the arrangement of initial planning for development either RPJPD, RPJMD or RKPD is conducted by the Regional Development Planning Agency. In terms of control, officials from the home affairs ministry level to regent/mayor including Bappeda are involved. In all the stages, the people are involved but only to give input. While in the case of the evaluation, the greatest authority remains in the hands of the relevant authorities at every level of government. People have the chance to evaluate only as far as they have accurate information. In other words, people will find it hard to participate and evaluate the planning that has been done since the standard of accuracy of the information is still determined by the government.As a result, using the structures and meanings analysis, this thesis research confirms that the standards of deliberative democracy need to thrust into the legal basis governing participation in development planning so that decisions resulting in better planning could reflect the aspirations of the people. However, democracy is essentially regierung der regierten (rule of those who governed)
Rekonstruksi Sistem Pemerintahan Presidensiil Berdasar Undang- Undang Dasar 1945 Menuju Sistem Pemerintahan Presidensiil Murni
Get PDFIndonesian governmental system is conducted based on 1945 Constitution. When varied constitutions were implemented in Indonesia in the past, the consequence is there were varied political systems. In 1999-2002, there were changes in 1945 Constitution. One of the objectives is to strengthen presidential system of government. It was expected that the amended Constitution could become the foundation of the good, effective, and efficient presidential system of government. In fact, the amended Constitution does not yet specified the characteristics of the presidential system of government, so there is awareness that a reconstruction into the presidential system of government is needed. Since 1945 independence until transition period, presidential system of government based on 1945 Constitution was conducted inconsistently because 1945 Constitution was arbitrarily interpreted by the presidents in their terms of office. Theoretically, there was a new concept on the presidential system of government, that is the pure presidential system of government. Practically, if the concept is included in 1945 Constitution, the consequence is that the president has relatively equal position among others state institutions. Then, the presidential system of government can effectively and efficiently run because each of state institutions, especially President and Parliament, can focus their attention to their tasks and duties
Penguatan Fungsi Pengawasan Legislatif terhadap Eksekutif Pasca Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi
Get PDFThe Constitutional Court in its decision Number 23-26/PUU- VIII/2010 have been cancelled the applicability of article 184, paragraph (4), which regulates the amount of quorum and approval of quorum in the decision-making process in the Forum related to the plenary meeting house “our opinion the proposal on the right.” In its legal considerations, the Constitutional Court confirmed that the provisions of quorum and the number of quorum approval of 3 / 4 shall be replaced with provisions in decision making on the basis of “simple majority”. This has an impact on the strengthening of the system of checks and balances for the role of legislative control the Executive branch that the abuse of power by the Executive branch can prevent
Kedudukan Istri dalam Pembagian Harta Bersama Akibat Putusnya Perkawinan Karena Perceraian Terkait Kerahasiaan Bank
Get PDFMarriage is something sacred, must be respected, the eternality of which must be protected and conducted jointly between a man and a woman as husband and wife so as to achieve a common goal. However, in reality, lots of marriages end with divorce and is considered as the best way for both partners. When a divorce occurs women is always in a weak position including in the divison of marital property if one party does not have a good faith. Bank as the depository institution maintains the confidentiality of depositors and their deposit which is on the one hand beneficial for depositors since information related to depositors and their deposit can be kept confidential, but on the other hand, it is disadvantageous to interested parties that is a wife who does not know the amount of funds deposited in her husband’s name in a bank which is a marital property of husband and wife acquired during their marriage. Thus, the wife’s constitutional rights to protection of property under his control and property rights in accordance with Article 28G paragraph (1) and Article 28H Paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution is not protected. The Constitutional Court as the guardian of the constitution has the authority to examine, try and decide the case of judicial review of Law No. 1 of 1974 on Marriage (Marriage Act) and declare the law conditionally constitutional in the case of bank confidentiality regarding information related to depositors and their deposit to the interests of justice in a civil case concerning the division of maritall property due to divorce