Jurnal Konstitusi
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The Stringent Support Requirements for Independent Candidates in Regional Elections: A Legal Self-Critique of Indonesian Democracy: Besarnya Syarat Dukungan Calon Independen dalam Pilkada: Auto Kritik Hukum terhadap Demokrasi Indonesia
Full text linkLocal Election is considered not to reflect democracy, there are still obstacles in the form of a large percentage of support requirements that make it difficult for independent candidates. Responding to these problems, this study aims to explain the large percentage of support requirements that are burdensome for independent candidates and the importance of independent candidates in the local election. The research method used is literature study with a legal philosophy approach. The data are literature literacy materials related to the research theme. The results showed that the percentage of support for independent candidates in the local election was considered too large. So that it hinders and makes independent candidates unable to become candidates in the elections. This kills the life of democracy that is being built by Indonesia. Whereas the existence of independent candidates is important as a counterweight and a new color giver in the political saturation of the old ways that do not produce quality leaders. It is necessary to change the percentage of support for independent candidates so as not to hinder democracy
Transformation of the Constitutional Justices Tenure After the Constitutional Court’s New Act: Transformasi Masa Jabatan Hakim Konstitusi Pasca Perubahan Undang-Undang Mahkamah Konstitusi
Full text linkThe periodization system in the constitutional judges’ position has the opportunity to undermine the judges’ independence. the opportunity to be re-elected as an opening for political transactions between constitutional judges with the proposing institution. The enactment of Act No. 7/2020 is a new era for the system used in the constitutional judges’ term. The periodization of the Constitutional Court judges’ term was replaced based on the age limit of 70 years. This research examines the design of Constitutional Court judges’ terms after the enactment Act No. 7/ 2020. This article is written based on normative legal research. This study concludes that the transformation of the Constitutional Court judges’ term into non-periodization aims to strengthen the independence of Constitutional judges from any intervention. At the same time as a fortress from external pressure and ensures that judges do not face conflicts of interest arising from the possibility of extending the term
The Paradox of State of Law Idea on Pancasila Philosophical Justification as Source of Law: Paradoks Ide Negara Hukum dalam Justifikasi Filosofis Pancasila sebagai Sumber Hukum
Full text linkThe state of law idea formulated in the provisions of Article 1 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is a formulation containing normative statements that is still dubious and seems convincing. The Pancasila philosophical justification as the source of legal norms needs to be questioned. The possibility if Pancasila is used as the source of law will expand coercive actions and choices of legal imperatives. The research method used is analytical techniques with a critical-philosophical approach, which brings factual concepts closer by resting on philosophical issues within the scope of concepts and values for understanding Pancasila which is still interpreted as the source of all sources of law. The research findings found that the construction of the state of law idea should not depend on legal rigidity. It must be able to be created as a discursive space that is truly interpretive and not limitative. The paradox’s problem can be raised through legal interpretations which are able to find a relationship between what should be normative and what is factual.The state of law idea formulated in the provisions of Article 1 paragraph (3) of the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia is a formulation containing normative statement that is still dubious and seems convincing. Embedding the nature of legality in the context of the idea of the rule of law through the statement that Pancasila is the source of legal norms need to be questioned. The idea of Pancasila is impossible to realize if it does not materialize into a living reality, not a dead one. The possibility if Pancasila is used as sources of law it will expand coercive actions and choices of legal imperatives. Pancasila must be able transforming and making itself relevant in midst of the challenges of social changes. The construction of the idea of a rule of law should not depend on absolute and certainty. It must be able to be created as a discursive space that is truly interpretive and not limitative. Pancasila is existed and recognized in the constitutional adjudication with presuppositions to explain the rationalization of legal reality. It must be carried out at the level of the goal for obtaining and achieving justice. The problem of the paradox of the rule of law idea can be raised through legal interpretations that are able to find a relationship between what should be normative and what is factual. Judges must be able to voice more than what is stated in the law and what is said by the law.
 
Reconstruction of the 1945 Constitution for strengthening the legal framework of Indonesia Environmental Law: Rekonstruksi UUD 1945 Menuju Penguatan Hukum Lingkungan Indonesia
Full text linkThe Anthropocene era was marked by a decline in the quality of the environment including being influenced by the law itself, for example the Job Creation Law was considered to have a negative impact on efforts to protect the environment. This research will analyze the development of legal instruments and the role of the Constitutional Court in environmental protection. This research will be conducted by studying legal literature. The urgency of changing the environmental law political paradigm (green policy) in Indonesia based on the ecocentrism paradigm will provide stronger environmental law political guidelines. Efforts to strengthen the paradigm of environmental protection are carried out by reconstructing the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia by granting rights to the environment and setting state obligations. There is a role for the Constitutional Court through Decision Number 32/PUU-VII/2010 and Number 18/PUU-XII/2014 by providing guidelines for the development of more comprehensive environmental law
The Relationship between Pancasila and Constitutional Court Decisions as a Source of Law in Indonesia: Relasi Pancasila dengan Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Sebagai Sumber Hukum di Indonesia
Full text linkBoth Pancasila and the Constitutional Court Decision both have the same position as a source of law in the formation of laws and regulations. Therefore, this paper intends to analyze the relationship that must be built between Pancasila and the Constitutional Court Decision as a source of law. This research is normative legal research, the data in the writing comes from legal materials, both primary, secondary and tertiary legal materials. Therefore, the selected data collection technique is literature study. The results of this study indicate that the rulings of the Constitutional Court which are regulatory (conditional constitutional-unconstitutional and those that formulate new norms) make the Constitutional Court Decisions a binding source of law which has major implications in constructing the formation of statutory regulations. At this point, Constitutional Justices must be able to relate and synchronize the decisions they make with Pancasila, bearing in mind that as a source of law Pancasila is the source of national basic law and the source of all sources of law in Indonesia.Pancasila maupun Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi keduanya sama-sama berkedudukan sebagai sumber hukum dalam pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan. Oleh karena itu, tulisan ini bermaksud untuk menganalisis bagaimana relasi yang harus dibangun antara Pancasila dengan Putusan MK sebagai sumber hukum. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif, data dalam tulisan bersumber pada bahan-bahan hukum baik bahan hukum primer, sekunder, maupun tersier. Oleh karena itu, teknik pengumpulan data yang dipilih adalah studi pustaka. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Putusan MK yang bersifat mengatur (konstitusional-inkonstitusional bersyarat dan yang merumuskan norma baru) menjadikan Putusan MK sebagai sumber hukum mengikat yang memiliki implikasi besar dalam mengkonstruksi pembentukan peraturan perundang-undangan. Pada titik ini, Hakim Konstitusi harus bisa merelasikan dan mensinkronkan putusan yang dibuatnya dengan Pancasila, mengingat sebagai sumber hukum Pancasila merupakan sumber hukum dasar nasional dan sumber segala sumber hukum di Indonesia
Constitutional Court Assessment on Production Branches Controlled by The State: Penilaian Mahkamah Konstitusi terhadap Cabang Produksi yang Dikuasai oleh Negara
Full text linkThe state controls production branches that are important to the state and/or affect the livelihood of the people at large. Regarding the evaluation, it is in the hands of the Government together with the Parliament. Problems then arise, when there are no indicators to carry out this assessment, leading to abuse of power and the privatization, injuring the right to control the state. On that basis, the Constitutional Court was present to conduct an assessment of the Government\u27s assessment with the Parliament. This study aims to determine the Constitutional Court\u27s role in carrying out this assessment. This research is normative legal research. Results of the study show that the Constitutional Court has exercised this authority by providing its judgment by reviewing the law. In the future, the Constitutional Court must issue indicators of branches of production controlled by the state based on Article 33 of UUD NRI 1945.Cabang produksi yang penting bagi negara dan/atau menguasai hajat hidup orang banyak dikuasai oleh negara. Terkait dengan penilaian mengenai cabang produksi, berada di tangan Pemerintah bersama DPR. Permasalahan kemudian timbul, ketika tiadanya indicator untuk melakukan penilaian yang bermuara pada penyalahgunaan kekuasaan dan berujung pada privatisasi, hingga akhirnya menciderai hak menguasai negara. Atas dasar itu, MK hadir untuk melakukan penilaian atas penilaian Pemerintah bersama DPR. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui bagaimana peran MK dalam melakukan penilaian. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa MK telah melakukan kewenangan ini dengan memberikan penilaiannya melalui pengujian undang-undang. Ke depan, MK harus mengeluarkan indicator cabang produksi yang dikuasai oleh negara dengan berdasar pada Pasal 33 UUD NRI 1945
The Scope of Competence of the Constitutional Court in Deciding Disputes of General Election Results: Ruang Lingkup Kompetensi Mahkamah Konsititusi Memutus Perselisihan Hasil Pemilihan Umum
Full text linkThe 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia (UUD 1945) does not explicitly define “election result disputes.” This definition is only found in several laws and Constitutional Court (MK) Regulations, limited to the context of “vote counting errors.” This research aims to reformulate the concept of election results as an object of dispute in the MK to ensure certainty and justice for candidates and/or candidate pairs. This study uses a normative juridical research method. Elections, as an embodiment of the people’s sovereignty, result in the acquisition of votes and the determination of elected candidates and/or candidate pairs to occupy political positions in government. The resolution of election result disputes in the MK relates to objections to the validity of the vote count, both quantitatively and qualitatively. The examination of the validity of vote acquisition maps the MK’s authority into two scopes: absolute competence and relative competence. The MK’s absolute competence relates to resolving disputes over vote acquisition, while relative competence pertains to ensuring constitutionality, including adherence to election regulations by election organizers during the election stages
Partisipasi publik Partisipasi Publik Sebagai Hak Konstitusional dalam Proses Penyusunan Dokumen Lingkungan: Hak Konstitusional
No full textPenelitian ini berupaya untuk menjawab persoalan hukum terkait pembatasan partisipasi publik dalam proses penyusunan dokumen lingkungan di dalam Pasal 22 angka 4 dan Pasal 22 angka 5 Undang-Undang Cipta Kerja. Problematika hukum tersebut menarik untuk diteliti utamanya jika dikaitkan dengan hak konstitusional setiap warga negara untuk ikut berperan serta dalam perlindungan dan pengelolaan lingkungan hidup. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian hukum normatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan perundang-undangan, pendekatan konseptual dan pendekatan filosofis. Hasil penelitian dan analisa terhadap hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa partisipasi publik merupakan hak konstitusional, sehingga pembatasan terhadap partisipasi publik merupakan bentuk pelanggaran konstitusional; pembatasan partisipasi berpotensi menimbulkan antinomi atau konflik norma antara satu pasal dengan pasal lainnya dalam satu peraturan perundang-undangan dan antara satu undang-undang dengan undang-undang yang lain; dan dalam lingkup yang lebih luas, pembatasan partisipasi publik juga bertentangan dengan prinsip hukum lingkungan internasional, khususnya hukum lingkungan yang bersifat prosedural.This study aims to explore the legal concerns associated with limitations on public involvement in the preparation of environmental documentation under the Job Creation Law. This research is doctrinal and conducted using statutory, conceptual, and philosophical approaches. The results of the research and analysis conclude that public participation is a constitutional right. Therefore, limiting public participation, particularly for individuals who are directly impacted by a proposed business plan and/or activity, constitutes a constitutional violation. Restrictions on participation can potentially create antinomies or conflicts of norms between articles or even regulations within a law. Furthermore, in a broader scope, restrictions on public participation conflict with the principles of international environmental law, especially procedural environmental law
Presidential System and the Rise of Neo-Authoritarianism: The Failure of Constitutional Reform in Indonesia? Sistem Presidensil dan Kebangkitan Neo-Otoritarianisme: Kegagalan Reformasi Konstitusi di Indonesia?
Full text linkArtikel ini mencoba mengidentifikasi bagaimana peran desain sistem pemerintahan memberikan pengaruh terhadap pembusukan demokrasi dan kebangkitan otoritariansme di Indonesia.Terdapat dua identifikasi masalah yang akan coba dijawab, yakni Pertama, apakah desain sistem presidensil di dalam UUD 1945 memiliki pengaruh terhadap kemerosotan demokrasi dan kebangkitan otoritarianisme? Kedua, bagaimana aktor politik memanfaatkan celah di dalam sistem presidensil, untuk melemahkan demokrasi dan membangkitkan otoritarianisme? Artikel ini menggunakan pendekatan yuridis sosiologis, yang memadukan pendekatan doktriner dengan pendekatan empiris. Artikel ini berhasil menyimpulkan bahwa desain sistem presidensil di dalam UUD 1945 pasca perubahan, gagal mencegah otoritarianisme untuk bangkit, akibat lemahnya pembatasan kekuasan presiden di level politik formal yang mengakibatkan pemusatan kekuasaan di tangan presiden. Di level informal, UUD 1945 gagal menghadirkan partai politik sebagai salah satu pranata demokrasi yang demokratis. Artikel ini juga berhasil mengidentifikasi penggunaan instrumen hukum untuk melemahkan demokrasi yang sekaligus memicu kebangkitan otoritarianisme oleh para aktor politik.This article examines how the design of the governmental system has influenced the decline of democracy and the resurgence of authoritarianism in Indonesia. It addresses two main issues: first, whether the presidential system outlined in the 1945 Constitution has contributed to the erosion of democracy and the rise of authoritarianism; and second, how political actors exploit gaps within the presidential system to weaken democracy and revive authoritarianism. This study employs a juridical-sociological approach, combining doctrinal analysis with empirical methods. The findings suggest that the post-amendment 1945 Constitution’s presidential system design has failed to prevent the resurgence of authoritarianism due to weak checks on presidential power at the formal political level, resulting in a concentration of power in the president’s hands. Additionally, at the informal level, the 1945 Constitution has not successfully established political parties as genuinely democratic institutions. Furthermore, the article identifies how political actors use legal instruments to undermine democracy and trigger the resurgence of authoritarianism
The Optimization of Bawaslu’s Role in the 2024 Simultaneous Elections: Optimalisasi Peran Bawaslu dalam Pemilu Serentak 2024
Full text linkElection Supervisory Body (Bawaslu) plays a vital role in ensuring that elections in Indonesia are conducted in compliance with legal regulations. The complexity of implementing simultaneous elections is a challenge for Bawaslu as one of the core institutions in the 2024 simultaneous election process, requiring strict adherence to the provisions set forth in Law No. 7 of 2017 on Elections. This study examines how Bawaslu can optimize its oversight role in the 2024 simultaneous elections and explores its authority in managing this electoral process. Using a normative juridical approach, the study finds that Bawaslu has effectively strengthened its capacity to fulfill its duties and functions in line with its founding objectives. Bawaslu’s optimization efforts include issuing updated Bawaslu Regulations (Perbawaslu) and implementing refined operational mechanisms, which aim to ensure a smooth electoral process that aligns with constitutional mandates.Abstrak
Salah satu pelaksanaan demokrasi dalam suatu negara termasuk Indonesia yakni melalui pemilu, dimana pemilu menjadi arwah proses demokratisasi. Bawaslu menjadi lembaga penting dalam pelaksanaan pemilu, untuk bagaimana kemudian proses penyelenggaraan pemilu sesuai dengan peraturan perundang-undangan. Bahkan banyak wacana pelaksanaan pemilu dimundurkan dan jika dilaksanakan melalui sisten proporsional tertutup. Dalam hal ini secara tidak langsung harus ada amandemen konstitusi kemudian revisi undang-undang pemilu. Dan ini menjadi tantangan bagi Bawaslu selaku salah satu lembaga inti dalam proses pelaksanaan pemilu serentak di tahun 2024, untuk mengawasi pelaksanaan pemilu sesuai dengan regulasi yang telah diatur dalam Undang-Undang Pemilu atau UU No.7 Tahun 2017. Tulisan ini akan membedah bagaimana optimalisasi pengawasan pemilu serentak di Indonesia serta bagaimana kewenangan Bawaslu dalam menghadapi Pemilu serentak di Indonesia. Metode dalam penulisan ini menggunakan metode normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan serta pendekatan konseptual. Hasil tulisan ini menunjukkan bahwa Baswalu pada saat ini sudah dapat melaksanakan tugas dan fungsinya sebagaimana tujuan dari pembentukan bawaslu. optimalisasi pengawasan pemilu menuju pemilu serentak 2024 yaitu Bawaslu berupaya yang dalam hal ini melalui Peraturan Badan Pengawas Pemilu (Perbawaslu). Bawaslu merevisi Perbawaslu dalam menghadapi pemilu serentak, dengan inisiatif merombak dalam aspek tata kerja serta pola hubungan.
Kata Kunci: Optimalisasi, Pemilu, Pengawasan, Indonesi