Journal of Basic and Applied Research in Biomedicine
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Assessment of Morphological Changes and Antioxidant Status in Neocerebellar Cortical Layers of Adult Wistar Rats Following Monosodium Glutamate Exposure
Get PDFSome effects of monosodium glutamate that is commonly used as food additive and flavor enhancer were evaluated on histological, and biochemical parameters on neocerebellar cortical structures in adult Wistar rats following monosodium glutamate induced toxicity. Forty eight adult male Wistar rats weighing between 70-130g (8-10 weeks old) were randomly separated into four groups, each containing twelve rats. The rats in group A were regarded as the controls and they received only distilled water during the treatment period. The rats in group B, C and D were MSG-treated rats. The Wistar rats in group B, C and D received respectively 2g/kg, 4/kg and 6g/kg body weight of MSG orally once duty for 28 consecutive days. The rats were euthanized on 29th day of the treatment. The cerebellum were carefully dissected out before removing halves of the neocerebellar cortical tissues for the preparation of the homogenate samples for assessment of oxidant and antioxidant parameters, Lipid peroxidation( LPO); malondialdehyde (MDA), super oxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) glutathione (GSH) and nitric oxide (NO). The remaining neocerebellar and neocerebral cortical samples were fixed immediately in 10% buffered formal saline for routine histological procedures for evaluation by light microscopy. The results from tissue analysis on oxidant and antioxidant parameters indicated a dose-dependent, significant increased (P<0.05) in lipid peroxidation (LPO) and nitric oxide (NO) in the neocerebellar cortical tissues in MSG-treated rats compared with controls. Conversely, the cortical SOD, CAT and GSH decreased significantly (P<0.05) in MSG-treated rats compared with controls. This histological findings from the MSG – treated rats demonstrated some atrophic and neurodegenerative changes in the cortical neurons. Some neocerebellar Purkinje cells appeared shrunken, pyknotic and degenerative coupled with vacuolization of the neuropile or stroma of the cortex. Conversely, the neocortical sections from the control rats appeared normal as the cortical neurons showed regular outlines. This study concluded that prolonged exposure to MSG may result in neocerebellar cortical damage which might be due to oxidative stress induced by excitotoxicity of MSG and consequently the cerebellar functions might be compromised
Trustworthy Approach for Online Social Networks using Data mining
Get PDFOnline Social Networks is an active & important research area in the recent years. It is a platform to build social relations among people who share similar interests, activities, backgrounds or real-life connections. Social interactions among users are constructed basically on the trust. Social trust implies that users behave according to the expectation of other users, are trustworthy and expect trust from other users. As two users interact with each other frequently, their relationship strengthens & trust evolves based on their experience. The objective of the project is to develop a secure social networking with decision support system to identify trustworthy friends. We need to identify trustworthy people in order to protect user’s important information from being misused. We define trust relationships by how much we trust the content posted or broadcasted by our friends. Depending on the past user interactions and profile similarity, we measure the trust values. Trust values are maintained by user & are calculated according to their own experiences & information from social relationships contacts. In this project, we can find trustworthy friends based on ratings review, based on which user can make decisions & provide access permissions to trustworthy users only
Isolation of Microorganisms from Different College Canteens of Bhilai
Get PDFA food borne diseases are caused by the consumption of contaminated foods. It would seem that a food borne microbial pathogens, microbial toxic product, poisonous chemical causes food borne illness. Many microorganisms present, spoil and contaminate food in home, restaurants, canteens etc. in the present study bacterial and fungal strains were collected from different college canteens of Bhilai and isolated by various morphological characteristics, biochemical identification etc. Disc diffusion method was used to study antibiotic resistant capability against infectious microorganisms. S. aureus has shown resistance against Amoxicillin, Oxacillin, Ciprofloxin but sensitive to Doxycycline, Erythromycin. Bacillus subtilis has shown resistant against Oxacilli and Penicilin and Pseudomonas aeruginosa has shown resistant against Gentamycin . Some fungus isolates were also isolated and identified which are harmful to human health. Present study emphasizes presence of microorganism at different sites of college canteens, due to which the society is suffering with serious health hazards. There is need to study more sites of the city in a future to decrease food contamination, food spoilage and food illness of human being
Statistical Interval for Data Envelopment Analysis
Get PDFThe techniques of data envelopment analysis (DEA) were largely studied. Data envelopment analysis (DEA) is a methodology for measuring the relative efficiencies of a set of decision making units (DMUs) that use multiple inputs to produce multiple outputs. Conventional DEA models assume that input and output values should be certain (crisp data). However, the observed values of the input and output data in real-world situations are sometimes inexact, incomplete, vague, ambiguous or imprecise. Some researchers have proposed various methods for dealing with the imprecise and ambiguous data in DEA in the context of fuzzy (interval) data. In this paper, a statistical method based on arithmetic operations to solve fuzzy (interval) data envelopment analysis models (FDEA) can be improved. The suggested approach transforms the original data (crisp data) into interval data; in the form of upper and lower frontier data. Then, by using these upper and lower frontier data; the interval DEA efficiency scores can be achieved. This approach is applied on the real-life data and the results of application are efficient
Natural Dye Based-Dye Sensitized Solar Cells: A Review
Get PDFDye sensitized solar cells (DSSCs) is a third generation of solar cells which possess low cost of materials and fabrication process compared to silicon based solar cells added with reasonable efficiency (η). Ruthenium (Ru)-based dye DSSC shows constant high photovoltaic performance until now, but the resource of noble metal Ru is scarce, hence their costly production. Natural dyes are interesting candidates to be applied in DSSC as an alternative dyes. Natural dyes can be produced by extraction of pigments using simple procedures from flowers, leaves, and fruits. This resource not only abundance but also easy to be attained. This paper give an overview on recent researches of the application of natural dyes in DSSC
Studies on pea (Pisum sativum L.) growth and productivity under agroforestry system: 1. Vegetative growth, chemical composition and nodulation status of pea under alley cropping system with two types of trees
Get PDFProduction of vegetables under agroforestry system says that it is a good alternative especially under limited resources. This study was undertaken to find out the possibility of growing pea with highly adaptable two tree species; the Egyptian river hemp (Sesbania sesban) and white lead tree (Leucaena leucocephala) under two levels of nitrogen fertilizer. The results indicated that plant fresh and dry weights of pea were significantly affected with alley cropping treatments. Moreover, pea allied with Sesbania+1/2 recommended dose (RD) of N produced the heaviest plant fresh and dry weight. While, sole pea plants inoculated with Rhizobium treatment followed by pea allied with Sesbania+1/2 RD gave the highest number of main branches. Alley cropping system with Sesbania or Leucaena+1/2RD showed the best result for the total nitrogen %. Treatment with Rhizobium followed by growing with Sesbania+1/2 RD produced the highest N uptake values. On the other hand, pea with Sesbania+1/2 RD gave the highest % of K uptake. For nodulation status, alley cropping system of pea with Sesbania and Leucaena plus half of nitrogen RD significantly increased the pea fresh and dry nodules weight as well as the number of nodules compared to the other treatments. Thus, it appears that alley cropping system has great benefits on peas but still moderate N fertilization is the key factor in defining the productivity and sustainability of the production in Aswan, Egypt
A Correlational Study on the Stress Level and Academic Performance of Nursing Students
Get PDFThis study assesses the level of stress and its relationship to the academic performance of the respondents. This study used descriptive-correlational design, and total enumeration was utilized, with 34 respondents. A questionnaire was the primary instrument of this study. Statistical used in this study was frequency, percentage, mean, and Pearson-r. Results include: most (76.50%) of the respondents are relatively young, most (82.30%) of the respondents are females, some (38.20%) of the respondents are fourth-year. A vast majority (64.70%) of the respondents’ primary source of stress is academic works. The mean score of the stress is 20.59. The respondents academic works have mean score of 2.25, and Pearson-r score is (r= 0.71, n=34, p=0.00). The researchers conclude that the nursing program in one of the universities in Dagupan City has relatively young students that are female dominated in their senior year. The respondents have a moderate level of stress, and the primary source of their academic works is the primary source of their stress. The respondents are satisfactorily performing in their academics. Also, it was found out that as the respondents’ stress level raises their academic performance declines
Effect of IMT-03, an Herbal Formulation in Cyclophosphamide-induced Immunosuppression in Mice
Get PDFImmumomodulatory actions of natural ingredients have been recognized from the time of early civilization. Though herbal medicines are equally used to treat deadly diseases, but till date there are lacks of evidences. In the present work, an herbal preparation IMT-03 was used to find out its immunostimulatory efficacy against chemotherapeutics. Although, most of the individual ingredients present in IMT-03 have been reported for their protective roles against chemotherapeutics, but there is no report in combination. Cyclophosphamide (300 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) induces immunosuppression through myelosuppression. Pretreatment with of IMT-03 at dose of 100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg in Cyclophosphamide induced immunosuppressive mice showed dose dependently and significantly (p<0.001) improvement in total WBC and absolute neutrophil counts. It also protects the general health of animals from chemotherapeutic induced serious adverse events like signs of sickness, lethargy, immobility, reducing food habit, infections in nostrils and pinna etc. Moreover, IMT-03 has the abilities to counter the macrophages surge during the LPS challenge. The test drug also showed safe up to the oral dose of 2 g/kg. In vitro studies revealed IMT-03 has polyphenols and also radical scavenging actions. There are several evidences that polyphenols can able to modulate cytokines and chemokines signaling pathways in immune cells. Therefore, it is assumed that polyphenols present in IMT-03 either modulate the inflammatory signaling pathways or protect from oxidative stress related DNA damage in myeloid tissues
Comparing Methods and Finding H. pylori Infections and their Resistance to Beta Lactam Drugs as Seen in Peshawar, Pakistan
Get PDFThe aims of this study were to find and report pattern of resistance towards beta lactam antibiotics in patients infected with H. pylori by visiting Hayatabad Medical Complex (HMC). Diagnostic procedures like: gastroendoscopy, Rapid Urease Test (RUT), biochemical testing, microscopic examination, antibacterial sensitivity tests and molecular methods were utilized and compared. Polymerase chain reaction was used to find 16S rRNA gene fragment. Hundred forty-four patients were found H. pylori positive for urease and 182 were positive for catalase. Hundred and thirty-two were positive for oxidase while hundred eighty were Gram negative. By polymerase chain reaction, 16S rRNA gene fragment was found to be positive in 164 subjects. The pattern of antibiotics resistance in H. pylori as seen in Peshawar, Pakistan in 200 gastric biopsies. A poorer resistance level towards amoxicillin is noticeable as due to low socioeconomic conditions
The Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of 2019 Novel Corona Virus Disease (COVID-19) in Balochistan, Pakistan
Get PDFBackground: The unprecedented outbreak of 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID-19) drastically spread worldwide. The study was aimed to articulate the findings of a descriptive and clinical characteristic, also to access the potential risk factors link with the spread of COVID-19. Method: The COVID-19 cases reported through April 30, 2020, were extracted from Balochistan’s COVID-19 Electronic Dashboard. All cases from March to April 2020 were included. The results of the laboratory finding as well as data acquired through COVID-19 Dashboard were cleaned; descriptive exploratory analysis and chi-square were calculated to demonstrate the association using Epi- Info. Results: A total of 1381 patient records extracted and screened. Of these, 1218 suspected cases and 1049 confirmed cases contributed to the analysis. Among confirmed cases, 77% (811) were male. The most affected age group was 60 – 69 years (attack rate 1.90/10,000), mean age was 36 ±17.11 SD with age range 2 months-94 years. District Quetta 82% (864) and district Pishin 5% (55) remained the epi-center for high attack rates. Among confirmed cases, a total of 14 deaths occurred for an overall Case fatality rate of 1.33%. The epi surge was peaked around March 19, April 5, and April 24, 2020. Among high-risk personals, those who had contact with infected individuals’ showed a high association of 97% (323/333) than without any contact 87% (221/254). Those who had travel history showed a prevalence of 86% (87/101) than in those who did not 59% (60/104) while those admitted in hospital with comorbid conditions showed a prevalence of 70% (26/37) than in those who did not 13% (6/46). Conclusion: COVID-19 epidemic has spread rapidly in the province. A series of multidimensional public health interventions, a cost-effective surveillance system, and the adoption of safe working practice, awareness sessions are necessary to control the COVID-19 outbrea