E-Journal Politeknik Negeri Samarinda
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PENERAPAN MANAJEMEN RISIKO KREDIT PADA PEMBIAYAAN UMKM DALAM MEMINIMALISIR PEMBIAYAAN BERMASALAH PADA BANK SYARIAH INDONESIA CABANG TENGGARONG
No full textThis study aims to determine the factors of problematic financing and the application of credit risk management in UMKM financing in an effort to minimize the occurrence of non-performing financing at Bank Syariah Indonesia Tenggarong Branch. This research uses qualitative research methods with a descriptive approach. The data collection techniques used are observation, documentation and interviews with the head of the marketing department (account officer) and UMKM financing customers of Bank Syariah Indonesia Tenggarong Branch related to this research. The results showed that the factors of non-performing financing consisted of internal factors and external factors. The application of risk management carried out by Bank Syariah Indonesia Tenggarong Branch in providing financing to prospective customers has several stages of the financing mechanism, namely submitting a financing application, collecting data, analyzing financing, approving financing, binding the contract, disbursement, monitoring and repayment. In the application of financing analysis, Bank Syariah Indonesia Tenggarong Branch applies financing analysis using the 5C principle. In resolving problem financing, Bank Syariah Indonesia Tenggarong Branch uses a persuasive approach by conducting deliberations which are then applied reconditioning, rescheduling, restructuring, to the execution of collateral
PENGARUH HARGA, KUALITAS PELAYANAN, NILAI PELANGGAN, DAN SISTEM PEMBAYARAN TERHADAP KEPUASAN PELANGGAN JASA TRANSPORTASI MAXIM PADA MAHASISWA AKUNTANSI POLITEKNIK NEGERI SAMARINDA
No full textDespite the rapid increase in Maxim users and the app's high ratings on the Google Play Store, a number of customer complaints remain. These include uncertain fares that frequently change, inconsistent service quality such as driver delays, inadequate vehicle condition and safety features, and limited payment options that are not fully flexible. This situation creates a mismatch between customer expectations and actual experiences, potentially reducing user satisfaction and loyalty. This study aims to determine the effect of price, service quality, customer value, and payment system on customer satisfaction at Maxim transportation services among accounting students at Samarinda State Polytechnic. Primary data was collected through an online questionnaire with a Likert scale distributed to 91 respondents who had used Maxim services. The analysis method used multiple linear regression with the help of SPSS 27. The results showed that the variables of price, service quality, customer value, and payment system have a positive and significant effect on customer satisfaction, both partially and simultaneously. These findings indicate that Maxim customer satisfaction can be improved by considering price affordability, service quality, customer value received, and ease of payment system
The Value of a Statistical Life in the Context of Road Safety: A New Value Transfer Approach
No full textObjective: The value of a statistical life (VSL) is a key input for cost-benefit analysis (CBA) in the
context of road safety and for calculations of the socio-economic costs of road crashes. However,
many countries, especially low- and middle-income countries (LMIC), lack country-specific VSL
estimates. To address this, value transfer is often used, where VSL estimates from other countries are
adapted to local situations to estimate the VSL in the countries with no VSL estimates. This paper
presents new guidance for VSL value transfer in the context of road safety.
Method: A unit value transfer approach is applied, which implies that a base VSL is determined and
used to estimate the VSL in other countries. We collected VSL estimates from 32 countries worldwide
to determine base VSLs for both high-income countries (HIC) and LMIC. According to the literature,
the VSL is strongly correlated with income per capita. Therefore, income elasticities from the
literature are applied to account for the impact of per capita income on the VSL.
Results: The resulting VSL transfer functions are VSL = 0.404*(Y/5,726)1.2 for LMIC and VSL =
3.206*(Y/42,087)0.8 for HIC, where VSL is the VSL in million USD and Y is the Gross National Income
per capita (USD, 2020 prices). The VSL ranges from approximately 22,000 USD to 1.1 million USD in
LMIC and from 1.2 million USD to 4.8 million USD in HIC.
Conclusions: We recommend applying this VSL transfer approach for cost-benefit analysis and road
crash costing in countries lacking appropriate country-specific VSL. Moreover, this study highlights
that, despite the growing interest in LMIC in research on VSL, the number of studies in these
countries is still limited, emphasizing the need for more VSL studies. Finally, developing transfer
functions for non-fatal injuries is recommended, which is an essential input for CBA as well
The Gambia Public Debt - An Achilles Heel?
No full textThe Gambia’s economy continued its recovery in 2024, driven by agriculture and services on the supply side and by public and private consumption and investment spending on the demand side. Despite increased service exports and robust remittances, the external accounts worsened in 2024 and foreign exchange reserves in months of imports declined. The fiscal deficit narrowed in 2024, supported by stronger tax revenue mobilization, which helped reduce public debt, although it remains elevated with a high risk of distress. While extreme poverty declined in 2024, supported by rising labor incomes and lower inflation, significant disparities and inequalities persist. Public debt affects The Gambia’s economy through public and private investment, interest rates, and access to private sector credit
Evidence from Dar es Salaam
No full textMany African countries are experiencing rapid urbanization. However, job creation has not kept pace, resulting in persistently high urban unemployment rates. Based on basic job search theory, the paper revisits the relationship between employment and transport connectivity at various levels, using data from Dar es Salaam, one of Africa’s fastest-growing developing cities. It shows that those who commute longer distances tend to earn higher wages. Therefore, enhancing the efficiency of urban transport systems is crucial. The paper also identifies variations in the relationship between wages and commute times across different transport modes. Commuters using motorized transportation, particularly private cars and taxis, generally earn more than those using nonmotorized transport. Hence, there is a potential risk associated with the overreliance on private transport modes. The gender wage gap persists in Dar es Salaam, but the positive effect of commuting on wages is greater for women, which can contribute to reducing the gap
Greener, Resilient, More Inclusive, and Prosperous Urban Growth
No full textHow sustainable are Ghana’s cities? This Strategy measures sustainability along three
dimensions—the enabling Urban System, People & Economy, and Environment—each of which
has four building blocks. This approach is premised on the idea that city systems (infrastructure,
governance, institutions, etc.) must function well to deliver positive results for people, the
economy, and the environment. Over the long term, these positive results should contribute
towards more resilient, just, and competitive cities. The Strategy is underpinned by analytics that draw from Ghanaian data sources, such as the 2021 Population and Housing Census (PHC), the Ghana Living Standards Survey (GLSS), the District Performance Assessment Tool (DPAT), and national accounts, as well as from a significant body of research on urban issues by local academics and practitioners. Global data and studies were used to fill in knowledge gaps not covered by local data and research
Instruments, Case Studies, and Pathways to Scale
No full textThe sustainable development of the blue economy requires financial instruments that mobilize investment, mitigate risks, and drive measurable impact. This report presents a stocktaking of blue finance mechanisms, examining their financial structures, implementation requirements, and performance across categories such as sovereign blue bonds, debt-for-nature swaps, insurance products, and impact funds. It explores enabling conditions, key challenges, and success factors while assessing the role of different actors in structuring and scaling these mechanisms. The analysis also examines how these instruments are applied across different sectors, their effectiveness in mobilizing capital, and the frameworks used to monitor and evaluate outcomes. The findings aim to inform policy makers, financial institutions, and investors, offering practical recommendations to enhance the effectiveness and reach of blue finance solutions and replicate and scale them up in supporting the blue economy development
Agricultural Productivity, Environmental Fragility, and the Role of Subsidies
No full textNitrogen fertilizer is essential for
boosting agricultural yields and food production. However,
agricultural subsidies often drive the inefficient
application of fertilizer, leading to significant costs for
farms, the environment, and economies. Scientific evidence
indicates that nitrogen pollution has exceeded safe
planetary boundaries, making it one of the world’s largest
externalities. Yet, the global economic costs and
consequences of subsidized nitrogen fertilizer use remain
poorly understood. This paper combines data on subsidies,
satellite-derived measures of crop productivity, nitrogen
usage, water quality, and spatial and administrative data
sets to provide globally comprehensive empirical estimates
of the long-term costs of fertilizer use and the role of
subsidies. The results show that in regions with large input
subsidies, nitrogen overapplication diminishes crop
productivity returns and increases nitrogen runoff into
waterways, with lasting implications for human health and
labor productivity. More than half of global agricultural
production occurs in areas with high subsidized nitrogen
use, where the marginal benefit of additional fertilizer is
negative. This indicates significant potential to reduce
fertilizer use without adversely affecting crop yields.
Globally, up to 17 percent of nitrogen pollution in water is
linked to inefficient input subsidies, contributing to
hypoxic zones and harmful algal blooms. Conversely,
decoupled subsidies not tied to production reduce these
harmful spillovers. These findings underscore the enduring
consequences of nitrogen fertilizer, how well intentioned
but poorly designed subsidies can aggravate nitrogen waste,
and the potential of policies to pave the path to reform
Connecting People to Work and Creating Entrepreneurs
No full textThis note discusses how human capital
is a job connector and driver of entrepreneurship. It first
presents ideas on how to unlock the barriers to accessing
productive employment, with particular attention to the
challenges facing women and youth. It then discusses human
capital as a job creator, by turning attention to building
and unleashing the power of entrepreneurship and innovation
Refugees in Ethiopia
No full textThis study uses the Ethiopia Skills Profile Survey (2017) to examine the gender differences in livelihood opportunities and activities between refugees and host communities. The results show a significant gender gap in participation in the labour market where refugee and host women are less likely to have employment, and that household characteristics influence women’s economic opportunities. While having a female household head, access to agricultural land, and additional female adults increase both refugee and host female’s participation in economic activities, higher numbers of children in the household significantly reduce refugee women’s opportunities. In addition, higher educational attainment boosts both male and female refugees’ participation in wage employment. Among refugees, both female and male Somali refugees have relatively better access to employment opportunities compared to other refugee groups, especially refugees from South Sudan and Sudan