E-Journal Politeknik Negeri Samarinda
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Not All Resilience Investments Are Created Equal
No full textThis paper investigates the land
value creation potential from flood mitigation investments
in a theoretical and applied setting, using the urban area
of Buenos Aires as a case study. It contributes to the
literature on the wider economic benefits of government
interventions and the dividends of resilience investments.
Using a simple urban economics framework that represents
land and housing markets, it finds that not all flood
mitigation interventions display the same potential for land
value creation: where land is more valuable (city centers
for example), the benefits of resilience are higher. The
paper also provides ranges for land value creation potential
from the flood mitigation works in Buenos Aires under
various model specifications. Although the estimates vary
largely depending on model parameters and specifications, in
many cases the land value creation would be sufficient to
justify the investments. This result is robust even in the
closed city configuration with conservative flood damage
estimates, providing that the parameters remain reasonably
close to the values obtained from the calibration. Finally,
acknowledging that fully calibrating and running an urban
simulation model is data greedy and time intensive—even a
simple model as proposed here—this research also proposes
reduced form expressions that can provide approximations for
land value creation from flood mitigation investments and
can be used in operational contexts
Breaking Barriers for Gender Equality in Export-Related Activities
No full textWomen are a powerful engine for
international trade and economic growth. As workers,
small-scale traders, entrepreneurs, and producers, their
engagement in export activities has the potential not only
to elevate overall productivity and competitiveness in the
international market but also to reduce poverty. However,
women encounter multiple obstacles and legal barriers when
participating in trade, hindering the full realization of
economic gains that can be achieved through trade
liberalization. This Brief analyzes women’s participation in
international trade and impediments to gender equality in
national laws measured in the Women, Business and the Law
index. Specifically, in 2024, 504 legal provisions across
145 economies are identified as creating unequal conditions
between men and women to take part in international trade.
Drawing from examples around the world, the Brief further
discusses the role of trade instruments, especially
preferential trade agreements, in eliminating legal barriers
that discriminate against women, and enhancing their
involvement in export-related activities to reap the
benefits of trade on global welfare
Predicting Poverty
No full textPoverty prediction models are used to address missing data issues in various contexts, including poverty profiling, targeting with proxy-means tests, cross-survey imputations (such as poverty mapping), top and bottom income studies, and vulnerability analyses. Based on the models used in this literature, this paper conducts a study by artificially corrupting data, free of missing incomes, with different patterns and shares of missing incomes. It then compares the capacity of classic econometric and machine-learning models to predict poverty under different scenarios, with full information on both observed and unobserved incomes, as well as the true counterfactual poverty rate. Random forest provides more consistent and accurate predictions under most but not all scenarios
Revisiting Trends, Evidence, and Practices in South Asia and Beyond
No full textWith nearly 420 million children
reached worldwide, school meals are among the largest-scale
social protection interventions. This paper traces the
evolution of school meals programs globally, examines the
empirical evidence underpinning them, reviews select
implementation practices with an emphasis on South Asia, and
provides one of the first estimates of World Bank’s
investments in school meals
FY 2024 Guinea-Bissau Country Opinion Survey
No full textThe Country Opinion Survey in
Guinea-Bissau assists the World Bank Group (WBG) in better
understanding how stakeholders in Guinea-Bissau perceive the
WBG. It provides the WBG with systematic feedback from
national and local governments, multilateral/bilateral
agencies, media, academia, the private sector, and civil
society in Guinea-Bissau on 1) their views regarding the
general environment in Guinea-Bissau; 2) their overall
attitudes toward the WBG in Guinea-Bissau; 3) overall
impressions of the WBG’s effectiveness and results,
knowledge work and activities, and communication and
information sharing in Guinea-Bissau; and 4) their
perceptions of the WBG’s future role in Guinea Bissa
Confronting Escalating Challenges
No full textThe Yemen Economic Monitor provides
an update on key economic developments and policies over the
past six months. It also presents findings from recent World
Bank work on Yemen. The Monitor places these developments,
policies, and findings in a longer-term and global context
and assesses their implications for Yemen’s outlook. Its
coverage ranges from the macro economy to financial markets
to human welfare and development indicators. It is intended
for a wide audience, including policy makers, development
partners, business leaders, financial market participants,
and the community of analysts and professionals engaged in Yemen
Good Jobs for Angolan Youth Opportunities Challenges and Policy Directions - Policy Brief
No full textThis brief is intended to lay out a
policy agenda for more good jobs, especially for youth, to
inform the government of Angola’s policy debates. It provides
a summary of the main analytical findings, messages, and
policy suggestions presented in a detailed technical report.
It takes a broad view of jobs, including an assessment of the
macroeconomic and demographic trends, the role of the private
sector in generating jobs, and the challenges facing the
labor force with a particular emphasis on youth. Based on
this analysis, it turns to policy by outlining the current
programs offered by the national government in Angola to
address the jobs and employment challenges and provides
suggestions on policies that the government of Angola could
consider adopting, with a particular emphasis on addressing
the needs of youth
Leveraging Earth Observation Data to Identify Investment Opportunities in NBS for Climate Resilience in Cities and Coasts across the World
No full textAccess to actionable information that outlines opportunities for nature-based solutions (NBS) investments at early stages of project design is essential for enabling the scale up of these solutions, which can effectively reduce climate risks, while bringing important socioeconomic benefits. This report summarizes how the Nature-Based Solutions Opportunity Scan (NBSOS) supports the World Bank, its clients, and development partners to identify NBS investment opportunities, understand the associated benefits, and integrate these interventions into projects. The NBSOS is a geospatial analysis and participatory process that provides an on-demand service tailored to each specific case in both cities and coastal areas, ensuring World Bank project teams have a clear understanding of available NBS investment opportunities in a given project area
Unlocking the Potential of the Power Sector in Sierra Leone Breaking the Crisis Cycle
No full textSierra Leone’s economic growth in
2023 surprised on the upside, reaching 5.7 percent, but the
economy is projected to slow in 2024. While repeated
spending overruns have cast doubt on fiscal sustainability,
the energy sector poses a significant fiscal risk. There is
an urgent need to improve Electricity Distribution and
Supply Authority (EDSA) operational and commercial
performance and transition away from expensive liquid
fuel-based power generation to reduce the negative fiscal
impact. The reserves position has deteriorated despite
improvements in the current account. The financial sector in
Sierra Leone appears stable but is characterized by a
significant sovereign-bank nexus. Growth in Sierra Leone is
projected to average 4.7 percent in the medium term,
supported by mining, agriculture and a recovery in services.
Inflation is expected to ease but remain in double digits as
global prices moderate and the Leone shows relative
strength. Based on the discussion with various stakeholders
and the current sector crisis, an Action Plan 2030 is
proposed with an aim to make the sector financially sustainable
Towards Dynamic Inclusion and Interoperability
No full textThe Playbook on Digital Social
Protection Delivery Systems (DSPDS) offers a modular DSPDS
framework for a holistic approach to data management,
analytics, and decision support to scale-up the delivery of
social protection to people in a time of expanding crises.
The Playbook comprises a Guidance Note and an Assessment
Tool designed. for social protection policy makers and
practitioners working in low- and middle-income countries.
On the one hand, the Guidance Note sets up a forward-looking
framework to address the core characteristics of DSPDS
cascading down to data, processes, technologies,
institutions, and performance criteria involved in
designing, implementing, and governing such systems. On the
other hand, the Assessment Tool is meant to be used to take
stock of existing systems plotting out from the Guidance
Note. While certain component systems receive greater
attention and constitute the focus of the Playbook, it does
not dive deep into other key components, such as unique
identification and payments, as there are existing ISPA
tools for such systems (ISPA 2017, 2020). In line with the
Social Protection Inter-Agency Cooperation Board (SPIAC-B),
social protection is defined as “the set of policies and
programs aimed at preventing or protecting all people
against poverty, vulnerability, and social exclusion
throughout their life cycles, placing a particular emphasis
on vulnerable groups. The Playbook is mostly focused on
non-contributory social protection programs, but core tenets
of this report can be extrapolated to contributory schemes.
As countries transition toward universal social protection,
it is crucial to prioritize support to the poorest and
vulnerable, with social assistance playing a central role