E-Journal Politeknik Negeri Samarinda
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Consequências dos Incêndios de 2024 no Brasil: Uma Breve Avaliação dos Danos
No full textThis report presents a rapid valuation of damages caused by wildfires in Brazil during 2024, highlighting the significant economic impacts, with the aim of raising awareness for the need to improve fire management through more funds and increasingly efficient policies. The 2024 wildfires in Brazil have had a devastating impact on the country's economy and environment. By prioritizing prevention, preparedness, together with response, Brazil could help mitigate the risks of future wildfires and protect its valuable natural resources and human lives. Based on this report, it could be beneficial for the country to build an inventory of fire policies/programs already in place and perform a cost-benefit analysis (CBA) of each of them. A CBA would help prioritize wildfire management policies by comparing the benefits and costs of different interventions to ensure that resources are allocated to the most efficient policies.Este relatório apresenta uma avaliação rápida dos danos causados pelos incêndios florestais no Brasil durante 2024, destacando os impactos econômicos significativos, com o objetivo de conscientizar sobre a necessidade de melhorar a gestão do fogo por meio de mais recursos e políticas cada vez mais eficientes. Os incêndios florestais de 2024 no Brasil tiveram um impacto devastador na economia e no meio ambiente do país. Ao priorizar a prevenção, a preparação e a resposta, o Brasil pode ajudar a mitigar os riscos de futuros incêndios florestais e proteger seus valiosos recursos naturais e vidas humanas. Com base neste relatório, pode ser benéfico para o país construir um inventário das políticas/programas de combate ao fogo já existentes e realizar uma análise de custo-benefício (ACB) de cada um deles. Uma ACB ajudaria a priorizar as políticas de gestão de incêndios florestais comparando os benefícios e custos de diferentes intervenções para garantir que os recursos sejam alocados às políticas mais eficientes
What Attracts Investors to Distressed Asset Markets? Key Pillars for Private Investors to Participate in Market Development
No full textThis WBG study examines what makes distressed asset markets work — and how governments can create the right conditions for private sector engagement. It provides policymakers, regulators, and financial institutions with a practical framework to assess market readiness, identify policy and regulatory gaps to support growth, and design reforms that can unlock private capital for market development. The note offers (i) a discussion of how distressed asset markets contribute to financial stability, access to finance, and, ultimately, credit supply; (ii) an overview of the benefits that distressed asset markets bring for lenders, distressed borrowers, and financial sector regulators; (iii) a conceptual framework based on the Five Pillars that can be used to assess the potential for market development in a particular country. Because of its emphasis on the initial stages of development of a market, the note targets emerging market and developing economies (EDMEs) in which distressed asset markets are yet to flourish
Libérer le potentiel des solutions fondées sur la nature pour la résilience climatique en Afrique subsaharienne
No full textThis report aims to identify strategic actions to increase investment in NBS for climate resilience in SSA by evaluating over a decade of NBS project investment and assessing a range of policy, financial, institutional, social, and technical barriers to adoption. We examined historical and
projected data for climate hazards in the region to provide background on the challenges SSA faces. To establish a baseline of the status of NBS in the region and evaluate the types of projects being implemented, this report presents an inventory of NBS projects from across the region that were initiated between 2012 and 2023. In addition, we conducted over 50 interviews
with project developers, funders, and investors of NBS projects in SSA to gain insights on the key barriers to NBS project investment and implementation. This report synthesizes results from
the analysis and interviews to offer targeted recommendations for how actors such as governments and multilateral organizations can effectively scale up NBS in the region.Ce rapport vise à identifier des actions stratégiques pour augmenter les investissements dans les SfN pour la résilience climatique en Afrique subsaharienne en évaluant plus d’une décennie d’investissement dans les projets des SfN et en évaluant une série d’obstacles politiques, financiers, institutionnels, sociaux et techniques à l’adoption. Nous avons examiné les données historiques et
des données prévisionnelles sur les risques climatiques dans la région afin de fournir des informations générales sur les défis auxquels la SSA est confrontée. Afin d’établir une base de référence de l’état des SfN dans la région et d’évaluer les types de projets mis en œuvre, ce rapport présente un inventaire des projets des SfN de toute la région qui ont été lancés entre 2012 et 2023. De plus, nous avons mené plus de 50 entrevues
avec les développeurs de projets, les bailleurs de fonds et les investisseurs des projets NBS en Afrique subsaharienne afin d’obtenir des informations sur les principaux obstacles à l’investissement et à la mise en œuvre des projets NBS. Ce rapport synthétise les résultats de
l’analyse et les entretiens afin de proposer des recommandations ciblées sur la manière dont des acteurs tels que les gouvernements et les organisations multilatérales peuvent efficacement étendre les SfN dans la région
Constraints and Research Priorities
No full textSub-Saharan Africa is highly vulnerable to climate change, with rural women dis- proportionately affected due to pre-existing gender inequalities that both increase their need for adaptation and constrain their ability to adopt strategies. This paper reviews empirical evidence on key barriers to women’s climate adaptation, identifies critical knowledge gaps, and outlines a gender-informed policy and research agenda. Focusing on on-farm and off-farm adaptation strategies‒including climate-smart agriculture, weather insurance, income diversification, and migration‒the paper highlights key constraints limiting women’s adaptive capacity: financial limitations, restricted asset control and ownership, gender norms positioning women as primary caregivers and shock absorbers, lower human and social capital, and limited access to climate and technology information. Substantial gaps remain in understanding how women’s financial literacy, institutional trust, risk and climate perception, and social networks affect their adaptation. Evidence-supported interventions include information provision on climate-smart agricultural technologies and social protection, while emerging but less established interventions include socio-emotional skills programs, childcare, and land titling. Underexplored yet promising interventions involve expanding women’s access to digital climate services, strengthening social networks, and engaging men in shifting intra-household roles. Significant knowledge gaps persist regarding the main constraints women face in adopting migration as an adaptation strategy
A How-To Guide
No full textA Health Public Expenditure Review (Health PER) is a diagnostic tool to assess how public funds are allocated and spent in the health sector, and whether spending aligns with national priorities and improves health outcomes. It helps identify inefficiencies, inequities, and opportunities to inform policy dialogue and health sector reforms toward universal health coverage (UHC).
Health PERs: A How-to Guide offers practical tools and guidance for conducting Health PERs. This 2024 update reflects major shifts in global health priorities—such as UHC, demographic transitions, and technological advances—and aligns with the World Bank’s goal to support countries in delivering affordable, quality care to 1.5 billion people by 2030.
The Guide includes four sections: an introduction to Health PERs; system-level analysis of efficiency and equity; modular tools for targeted deep dives (e.g., financing, inputs, service delivery); and resources for advanced analysis
A Compendium of Service Delivery Models in Low and Middle-income Countries
No full textThe global prevalence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) continues to escalate, leading to a substantial burden of disease. NCDs account for 74 percent of all global deaths, causing approximately 41 million fatalities annually, with cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), cancers, chronic respiratory diseases, and diabetes being the main contributors. Low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) bear a disproportionate share of this burden, experiencing around 82 percent of premature NCD-related deaths. Yet, many health systems in low- and middle-income countries are inadequately prepared to deliver comprehensive care for major NCDs, as primary health care (PHC) services mainly focus on the provision of acute and episodic care, leaving gaps in coverage and quality of essential services for the prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and long-term management of NCDs across the care continuum. While a broad range of cost-effective, equitable, and evidence-based interventions to address the growing burden of NCDs have been identified, the challenge lies in effectively delivering these interventions, particularly in health systems facing significant resource constraints. Integrating NCD care into primary health care (PHC) services is key to expanding access to care closer to communities, supporting health promotion and facilitating NCD prevention and control, and alleviating the burden of care at higher-level facilities. New strategies and innovative solutions are needed to achieve this approach and improve outcomes across the care continuum, from reducing risk factors to sustainably managing chronic conditions at the PHC level
Leveraging Resilience and Implementing Reforms for Boosting Economic Growth
No full textThe Nepal Development Update is produced twice a year to report on key economic developments that occurred during the year, placing them in a longer-term and global perspective. The Update is intended for a wide audience including policymakers, business leaders, the community of analysts and professionals engaged in the economic debate, and the general public
What Happened to Europe’s Middle Class in the Course of a Decade ?
No full textThis paper uses a vulnerability-based
approach to analyze the evolution of the middle class in
Europe between 2005–08 and 2015–18. The analysis reveals
that, on average, the income level needed to ensure a low
probability of falling into poverty—also understood as the
vulnerability threshold—increased between those periods in
real terms. This increase correlates with decreases in the
size of the middle class in many European countries. In
parallel, the composition of the middle class changed, with
an increased share of tertiary-educated household heads and
a larger share of household heads with managerial and
professional occupations. Lastly, the households that were
not poor, but not yet middle class, were further from
becoming middle class in the second period than in the first period
Joint Land Titles and Women's Status in Uganda
No full textExpanding women’s property rights has become a central objective of development policy aimed at reducing gender inequality in Africa. With this goal in mind, a randomized controlled trial in western Uganda offered subsidized land titles to agricultural households along with incentives to title land in the names of both husbands and wives. A majority of men agreed to co-title with their wives. This study examines the social dynamics that underlie that result: What does a new co-title mean for couples in practice? Do women benefit in the ways intended? And what are the implications for marriage dynamics? To answer these questions, the study drew on an array of data derived from (i) fieldwork observations, (ii) conversational interviews with 34 couples selected from the intervention’s survey sample, and (iii) conversational interviews with local community leaders. As agricultural land in this setting is highly valued, the study found that land titles are deeply meaningful for women and men. The findings further suggest that women’s bargaining power increases in ways predicted by household bargaining models. Yet, interview data suggest another avenue through which joint titling influences marital dynamics: the act of including a wife on a new title symbolizes a man’s commitment to his spouse and marriage. This is crucial since women’s property rights are threatened under marital insecurity. Joint titling influences marriage dynamics through greater bargaining power, but it may also work through an opposite mechanism—since it strengthens the marital bond, the joint title encourages “cooperative power,” and inspires investment in the marriage
Africa's Pulse, No. 31, Spring 2025: Améliorer la gouvernance et répondre aux besoins des populations en Afrique
No full textAmid global economic uncertainty and limited fiscal space in the region, Sub-Saharan Africa's economic activity is showing some resilience, with projected growth gradually increasing over 2025-2027 period. This growth is driven primarily by a rise in private demand, alongside a reduction in inflation rates and stable currencies. However, growth has been unable to reduce poverty and meet people's aspirations. The region is also grappling with persistent challenges, including political unrest and escalating demands for adequate economic opportunities, as reflected in a surge in protests over the past decade and a notable rise in coups since 2000.
These dynamics highlight the urgent need for a renewed social contract between governments and citizens, emphasizing efficient public spending, better governance, and transparent market regulations to foster job creation and sustainable economic growth. African governments must prioritize governance reforms to maintain growth momentum and restore public trust. The report underscores the importance of strategic investments and complementary policies that bolster human capital, improve public services, and create a fair tax system, thereby fostering a business environment that supports growth and job creation.Dans un contexte d’incertitude économique mondiale et de marge de manœuvre budgétaire limitée dans la région, l’activité économique de l’Afrique subsaharienne fait preuve d’une certaine résilience, avec une croissance prévue qui augmentera progressivement sur la période 2025-2027. Cette croissance est principalement tirée par une augmentation de la demande privée, parallèlement à une réduction des taux d’inflation et à des monnaies stables. Cependant, la croissance n’a pas été en mesure de réduire la pauvreté et de répondre aux aspirations de la population. La région est également aux prises avec des défis persistants, notamment des troubles politiques et des demandes croissantes d’opportunités économiques adéquates, comme en témoignent la recrudescence des manifestations au cours de la dernière décennie et l’augmentation notable des coups d’État depuis 2000.
Cette dynamique met en évidence le besoin urgent d’un contrat social renouvelé entre les gouvernements et les citoyens, en mettant l’accent sur des dépenses publiques efficaces, une meilleure gouvernance et une réglementation transparente des marchés pour favoriser la création d’emplois et une croissance économique durable. Les gouvernements africains doivent donner la priorité aux réformes de gouvernance pour maintenir la dynamique de croissance et restaurer la confiance du public. Le rapport souligne l’importance des investissements stratégiques et des politiques complémentaires qui renforcent le capital humain, améliorent les services publics et créent un système fiscal équitable, favorisant ainsi un environnement commercial favorable à la croissance et à la création d’emplois