GreenPrints Institutional repository of De La Salle Medical and Health Sciences Institut
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Assessment of Carica papaya ethanolic seed extract (papaya) as a molluscicidal agent against Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi snails in selected areas in Gonzaga, Cagayan
No full textSchistosomiasis is one of the Neglected Tropical Diseases (NTDs) caused by parasitic blood flukes known as trematodes that are contracted through contact with contaminated water. It primarily affects 78 countries worldwide, with an estimated 251.4 million people requiring preventive treatment as of 2021 (WHO, 2023). In the Philippines, schistosomiasis remains a major public health concern due to the country’s abundance of freshwater bodies, which support the high reproduction rate of snail species that serve as intermediate hosts. One such species is Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi, a freshwater snail known to transmit Schistosoma japonicum—the causative agent of schistosomiasis. Plant extract, such as Carica papaya, was found to contain anthelmintic compounds, such as papain and benzyl isothiocyanate. These compounds break down the proteins of microorganisms, which disrupts their life cycles and ultimately kills them (Ibrahim & Sayed, 2020). This study aims to evaluate the molluscicidal effect of the Carica papaya ethanolic seed extract against the Oncomelania hupensis quadrasi snail in certain areas in Gonzaga, Cagayan, Philippines. The study compares the effectiveness of C. papaya ethanolic seed extract with that of niclosamide, a commonly used synthetic molluscicide. The findings revealed that the papaya seed extract was as effective as niclosamide in eliminating O. hupensis quadrasi snails, providing a promising alternative to synthetic chemicals, especially in terms of environmental safety. Niclosamide, while effective, has known ecological drawbacks, such as toxicity to non-target organisms, including fish and other aquatic life, which limits its broader application. The extract offers a promising alternative for integrated pest management, particularly in tropical regions where O. hupensis quadrasi snails are prevalent and schistosomiasis remains a public health challenge
Detection of microplastics in the stool sample of second-year Medical Laboratory Science (MLS) students from De La Salle Medical And Health Sciences Institute in Dasmariñas, Cavite: a cross-sectional study
No full textMicroplastics (MPs), synthetic polymer fragments measuring less than 5mm in size, are ubiquitous environmental pollutants increasingly detected in the human body. This brings concerns about its potential impact on human health. Ingestion is one of the key routes for human exposure to microplastics, primarily through food and water. While global studies identified microplastics in human stool, data remain limited in the Philippine context, especially among student populations. This cross-sectional study aimed to detect the presence and quantify microplastics in the stool samples of second-year Bachelor of Science in Medical Laboratory Science students from the De La Salle Medical and Health Sciences Institute. Thirty (n=30) samples (15 male and 15 female) were analyzed using Nile Red staining and visualized under a dissecting microscope following organic digestion and vacuum filtration. Results showed that 100% of the stool samples tested positive for microplastics, averaging 26.83 particles per 0.32 g of stool. Descriptive analysis showed that the minimum number of microplastics counted was 1 for male and female participants, while the maximum was 133 for females and 53 for males. The mean concentration was 31.47 for females and 22.20 for males. However, further statistical tests concluded no significant difference in microplastic concentration between sexes (U = 111.000; p-value = 0.950). These findings suggest widespread exposure of microplastics among the participants, most likely linked to the daily intake of plastic-packaged food and beverages. This study emphasizes raising awareness and supporting sustainable lifestyle practices to reduce microplastic exposure
ANTIBIOFILM ACTIVITY OF CRUDE Oryza sativa (RICE) LEAVES EXTRACT AGAINST Klebsiella pneumoniae
No full textThis study investigated the antibiofilm activity of crude Oryza sativa (Rice) leaves extract against Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603. The research aimed to identify the phytochemical components of the extract and determine its Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Bactericidal Concentration (MBC), Minimum Biofilm Inhibitory Concentration (MBIC), and Minimum Biofilm Eradication Concentration (MBEC). Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of saccharides, reducing sugars, anthraquinone glycosides, tannins and phenolic glycosides, triterpenoids, cardiac glycosides, saponins, flavonoids, and alkaloids, with saccharides and reducing sugars found in the highest abundance. The MIC of the crude extract was determined to be 0.19%, while the MBC was 0.39%, indicating both bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects. However, no measurable MBIC or MBEC values were observed, as none of the tested concentrations completely inhibited or eradicated biofilm formation, though partial reductions were noted. These results suggest that the crude rice leaf extract contains active compounds capable of inhibiting and killing planktonic Klebsiella pneumoniae cells but remains ineffective in eliminating mature biofilms. The findings highlight the potential of Oryza sativa leaves as a source of antibacterial agents, while also emphasizing the need for further purification and concentration of its bioactive components to enhance antibiofilm efficacy
Evaluation of the Antiangiogenic Properties of Dioscorea alata L. Methanolic Tuber Extract Using Chorioallantoic Membrane Assay
No full textThis study evaluates the anti-angiogenic properties of the aqueous methanolic extract of Dioscorea alata L. tubers using the chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay. The main objective of the study was to determine the extract’s ability to inhibit angiogenesis, a significant process in tumor growth and related pathological conditions. Qualitative phytochemical analysis confirmed the presence of various bioactive compounds, with carbohydrates being the most abundant phytochemical constituent present in the extract. Meanwhile, the pH differential method revealed that the extract has a high anthocyanin concentration of 1549.66 ± 65.21 mg CGE/L. The CAM assay demonstrated a dose-dependent anti-angiogenic effect, with significant reductions in the number of blood vessel branching points observed with increasing extract concentrations when compared to controls. The pre-treatment mean branching points are the following: 25% (139.53), 50% (146.19), 75% (138.79), 100% (181.80), Blank (160.14), Distilled Water (187.81), and Quercetin (253.50). While, the post-treatment mean branching points are the following: 25% (120.41), 50% (70.13), 75% (47.64), 100% (58.40), Blank (195.14), Distilled Water (161.81), and Quercetin (62.71). Statistical analyses using paired T-test and ANOVA confirmed significant differences in anti-angiogenic activity between the treatments and controls. These findings suggest that Dioscorea alata L. methanolic tuber extract has potent anti-angiogenic properties, supporting its potential therapeutic application in diseases related to angiogenesis
An Analysis of the Disaster Management Program of Selected Higher Education Institutions in Cavite, Philippines: Towards the Development of a Disaster Risk Reduction Management Model for Schools
No full textThis study sought to analyze the Disaster Management Program of selected Higher Education Institution in Cavite with the goal of developing a Risk Reduction Management Model for Schools. A mixed method research design specifically triangulation using validating quantitative data was utilized in this study. Seven Higher Education Institutions in Cavite, Philippines were involved. This comprised of two State Universities and five Private Universities/Colleges. Respondents from each institution are the Administrators, Faculty, and Non-teaching personnel, Head of disaster management program, and 3rd year and 4th year students. Findings revealed that some measures and provisions on the NDDRMC RA 101211 are not strictly followed by the participating HEIs in Cavite. Furthermore, the participating HEIs in Cavite differs on the level of adequacy of the resources used and the extent of implementation of the disaster management program. Having earthquake and evacuation drill and support from the management are the major strenghts that was identified however, budget allocation and evaluation of the program are the weaknesses and based from the findings of the study, a disaster risk reduction management model for school is proposed
Dermatitis and prolonged dysesthesia from the poisonous wood nettle, Dendrocnide meyeniana (Urticaceae)
No full textAssessment of the antimicrobial activity of crude methanolic extract from Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala (curly kale) leaves against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
No full textThe emergence of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) threatens the safety of the public, especially in hospitals wherein multidrug-resistant (MDR) microorganisms like Pseudomonas aeruginosa are common. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a prevalent cause of nosocomial pneumonia in people with compromised immune systems. The increasing antibiotic resistance of P. aeruginosa necessitates the investigation of alternative treatments, including natural sources. Brassica oleracea L. var. acephala (curly kale) is well-known for its nutritional and therapeutic characteristics, including bioactive components including phenolic compounds, flavonoids, and glucosinolates, which may have antibacterial activities. This study investigates the antibacterial activity of crude methanolic extracts from curly kale leaves against P. aeruginosa. This study conducted in vitro experiments, including phytochemical screening, to find beneficial compounds and quantify total phenolic content. The phytochemical examination revealed the presence of alkaloid compounds, phenol compounds, and saponins. The total phenolic content test yielded 1662.530 ± 48.2 mg of Gallic Acid Equivalents/15g dry weight. The antibacterial characteristics were evaluated utilising a Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method and broth microdilution method. The findings indicate that Soxhlet extraction with pure methanol did not yield an extract with inhibitory activity against P. aeruginosa. This lack of activity could be related to heat breakdown during extraction or a solvent-polarity mismatch. These findings highlight the importance of extraction processes in distinguishing bioactive compounds and suggest that alternative tactics may be more effective. This study looks into the need for novel antimicrobials to treat antibiotic-resistant infections
