Smart Moves Journal IJELLH (International Journal of English language, literature in humanities)
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How Children Learn to Speak
Get PDFChildren acquire language spontaneously without being explicitly taught how. Their mastery of sounds passes through stages determined by a progression from unmarked (ontologically primary) to more marked sounds, unmarked ones also being those most commonly found in languages and least likely to erode over time, as discovered by founding linguist Roman Jakobson. Their mastery of other aspects of grammar proceeds along with their ability to master rules rather than simply memorize
Jasmine’s Travail from Widowhood to Selfhood in Bharati Mukherjee’s Jasmine.
Get PDFBharati Mukherjee happens to be a prominent Asian American writer who has in her works vividly represented the experiences of Asian immigrants and the evolution of their migrant selves in America.Her works reflect both, her pride in her Indian heritage and also her earnestness for embracing the new world, America.
Mukherjee’s much acclaimed novel Jasmine depicts the story of a young Punjabi woman who dares to rebel against the norms of patriarchy since her childhood. Her stifling experiences of leading the life of a widow in a small Indian village of Hasnapur doesn’t dent her spirit as she dares to sail on her own as an illegal immigrant to the United States on a mission to perform ritual Sati on the campus where her dead husband had enrolled to study. The problems of acculturation drags immigrants like her into an identity crisis. But it does not deter her, as she continuously strives to refashion herself to fit into the mainstream American culture. In this context, the paper attempts to explore how the feminist protagonist, Jasmine, through her shifting identities rediscovers her own independent self by assimilating into the land of opportunity, i.e., America
The Logical Problems of Hindi Speakers while Learning French as Foreign Language
Get PDFAs we all know, every human being has LAD (Language Acquisition Device), which helps to learn, to understand and to speak a language. We all human being learn or understand at least one language by birth, which we call mother tongue or first language and it comes with feelings inside us automatic. If we think something in our mother tongue, then we can describe it very easily, without any hesitation. To speak or to understand mother tongue, there is no need to learn or study properly, it comes from inside. But while learning a second language or foreign language we face many challenges, like: mother tongue influence, social background, cultural background, pronunciation, medium language and teaching methods too.
In this article I want to focus on some problematic points of French Language. Learner coming from Hindi Speaking background, which they have faced during whole learning periods. Some points vary person to person, but some points are same and some points change with time. At every learning phase there are different problems. For beginners there are some other problems and another side for next level learners there are some other problems. These problems vary not only with learning phase but also vary with age groups, because teenagers learn more than their experience-literally, so they have different types of problems and other side adults learn not only in class room rather they learn with their experiences too, so they have some other types of problems.
Every language has its own grammatical rules to frame the sentences. Speaking part of French Language is a bit complicated; because it is totally different from other language. In this article we will read about some logical differences and barriers, which are affecting capacity of Indian learners
Voice of Subaltern Souvali in Mahasweta Devi’s After Kurushetra
Get PDFIn the contemporary scenario, Subaltern Studies group brings together the writers, like Amitav Ghosh and Mahasweta Devi who have been frequently associated with subaltern concerns. Mahasweta Devi is a champion of subaltern community and through her works she always indicts and questions the government and other people about the sanctioning of human rights to dalits, tribals, women and children. Mahasweta Devi’s After Kurushetra narrates the stories of women who were subalternized by the kings and queens of Hastinapur. The life stories of these women appeared in the forms of short stories namely “The Five Women (Panchakanya)”, “Kunti and the Nishadin (Kunti O Nishadi), and “Souvali” in After Kurushetra. “Souvali” narrates the story of Souvali who was a dasi working in the royal palace of Hastinapur: She was sexually exploited by Dhritarashtra and gave birth to a son named Yuyutsu. Though Yuyutsu @ Souvalya was not considered by Dhritarashtra as his first son, yet he was allowed by Yudhishtira to give ‘tarpan’ to Dhritarashtra during the time of ‘mahatarpan.’ Souvalya, as a son, had done his duty to Dhritarashtra but Souvali voiced against the oppressions meted on her by the king through her action. She did not adhere to the norms of widowhood after the death of Dhritarashtara for she was never considered by him as his wife
Harlem Renaissance Literary Productions: Context, Role, Philosophy and Objective In “The Negro’s Tragedy”
Get PDFThis paper aims to show and analyze how through “an outstanding poetic creation”, Claude McKay describes clearly the context, role, philosophy and objective of the Harlem Renaissance literary productions while describing his own role and vocation as an African American writer. Indeed by describing his own role as a pioneer of the Harlem Renaissance Movement, “this assertive poem” is actually a précis and paradigm of the motives and chart gathering all those black pioneer writers engaged in this literary movement. This paper provides, through the hermeneutic study of this symptomatic sonnet about the Negro’s tragedy; an analysis of the context in which the Harlem Renaissance literary productions had been produced, the role of those literary productions, the main philosophy surrounding the literary productions of this Black Movement and finally the objective targeted by those literary productions. The hermeneutic approach is sustained by the socio-criticism, African American criticisms and stylistics theories to better characterize the semantic and social scope of this poem.
 
Listening Skills Teaching Practice at Secondary Level: Gondar Secondary Schools in Focus
Get PDFThe objective of this study was to assess the exercise of teaching listening skill at general secondary schools found in Gondar city. Thus, adopting descriptive survey design, a total of 115(male=90 & female=25) English language teacher who taught grade 9 students participated in the study. The study used both quantitative and qualitative data. The quantitative data were collected through structured questionnaire whereas the semi-structured interview was used to collect the qualitative data. Data analysis was undertaken using quantitative and qualitative techniques. Quantitatively, frequency and percentage were used whereas thematic analysis was used for analyzing the qualitative data. Findings show that the majority of English language teachers use the bottom-up approach during the teaching of the listening skill. Findings also show that English language teachers failed to properly and fully implement the pre, while and post listening activities. Findings also show that teachers’ emphasis on grammar, teachers’ preference to explanation and demonstration than to create students listening opportunities, teachers’ preference to teacher-centered approach, teachers’ reluctance to provide students opportunities to exercise listening were some of the challenges facing the class room exercise of teaching the listening skill. Finally, it is recommended that English language teachers should clearly understand and properly exercise the pre, while and post-listening activities in the process of teaching the listening skills. Moreover, practical in-service trainings on how to teach listening skill should be given to teachers
 
A Critical Analysis of the Discourse of Doctor-Patient Interaction: A Case Study
Get PDFThe study undertook a critical analysis of the discourse of doctor-patient interaction under the ENT (Ear, Nose, and Throat) clinic of Gondar Hospital, which is found in the Amhara regional state of Ethiopia. Specifically, the study investigated the recurrent interactional features in the doctor-patient interactions, the manifestations of power relations through language use, as well as the ideological assumptions which are held by doctors and patients. To achieve these objectives, qualitative methods were used during data collection and analysis. Purposeful sampling was used to select the clinic where the study took place. Data were gathered through audio-recording and field notes. Before analysis, the audio recordings were transcribed using Jeffersonian Transcription conventions and then translated into English. The translated data were analyzed thoroughly using Fairclough’s (1992) three-dimensional model of Critical Discourse Analysis. The study, thus, showed that interpersonal relationships between discourse interactants could be an indicative of their social and power relations. Therefore, institutional discourse, specially, that of doctor-patient, could be a place for power struggle
Marriage is a Mirage
Get PDFIndian female writers attempt to depict the problems of women in the modern society dominated by male chauvinism and in rural India in particular, touching the feministic sensibilities. These female writers handle astonishing variety of themes. Among the women modern writers of fiction Kavery Nambisan occupies a unique place for more than one reason.She has begun her literary career by writing numerous children’s books. Female characters in her novels truly feel that love and marriage are not mere accidents but it is a trap and a cage where emotional stress haunts them through lack of care, bondage and love.
The character ‘Shari’ of Kavery Nambisan’s second novel Mango–Coloured Fish (2000), is a young girl, who is caught in a complex, entanglement of uncertainties and disillusionments, and she has different notions about the institution of marriage. Nambisan successfully depicted the contemporary younger generation pre and past marriage dilemmas and ordeals effectively and lively. The protagonist Shari wants to trace out her self-identity and freedom in this world and this is clearly presented in the novel Mango –Coloured Fish
In Her Own Voice: Charmayne D\u27Souza
No full textThe present paper aims to study Charmayne D\u27Souza\u27s one and only volume of poetry, A Spelling Guide to Woman. Her poetry shows texture of western feminism where she expresses the radical self of a reformist kind with the strong belief of an iconoclast. Poetry is a two-way process for D\u27Souza. She uses poetry for not only verbalizing \u27personal as political\u27 but also for making the public as personal and as a medium to resist codification of patriarchal discourses. Simone de Beauvoir in The Second Sex has stated that each consciousness defines itself as subject by defining the other consciousness as object. A woman is a paragon of oppressed consciousness, an object in the male psyche. Patriarchy controls the lives of women. Germaine Greer, in this context, has said that patriarchy makes women eunuch. It castrates women making them deprived of subjection and treat them as a mere object
Journey of Savitri From Birth to Young-Age: Tale of a Legend in Sri Aurobindo’s Epic “Savitri”
Get PDFYoga leads to right knowledge and right knowledge makes right action possible. The struggle and the victory are the hard core of poetry “Savitri”. The legend Savitri’s birth and childhood are far from conventional. Her girldhood is a wonder. She is a king’s daughter. But she masters sculpture and painting, music and architecture, dance and poetry and many other arts and crafts. She is divine and outspaces her friends. She is a divine beauty and nobody dares to claim her. She is free to choose her husband. Savitri leaves her parent’s home, her palace. She visits many places and many woods. She is attracted towards Satyawan. He tells that he is a son of king, but a king no more. Savitri becomes sure in her decision to marry Satyawan but before this, she wants to return to her parents to tell them about her choice. Inspite of being intimations of future, she is committed to her chosen path