Jozac Publishers [JP] (former JFP Publishers) (E-Journals)
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Use of peer-education as an interpersonal communication channel in the voluntary medical male circumcision campaign to prevent HIV infections
Full text linkBehaviour change communication experts recognise peer-education as an important propeller of health communication owing to its ability to engender compliance through characteristic sharing. This study examines the utility of peer-based interpersonal communication channel in the voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) campaign to prevent HIV infections in Siaya County of Kenya. Siaya, predominantly inhabited by the traditionally non-circumcising Luo people, is among the five leading counties in HIV prevalence in Kenya, with 24.8% against the national average of 4.5%. Specifically, the study sought to establish the level of application of peer-education in relation to other IPC channels, and also determine the peer-education competence of those engaged in the VMMC campaign, both in terms of language proficiency and cultural literacy. Questionnaires were administered on 370 of the study location’s male residents aged 18-50 years; and on 35 VMMC service providers, mainly peer-educators. Two focus group discussions, each comprising five participants were conducted with male and female residents, and follow-up key informant interviews done with three officials of the VMMC implementing agencies. Results of quantitative data analysis are rendered in text and figures, while qualitative findings are presented verbatim. The findings show that peer-education is the most used IPC channel in the campaign, with varied degrees of application and efficacy. Inadequate peer-education-focused training for the programme’s communication team largely accounts for the campaign’s failure to realize 100% success. The study recommends targeted communication training for the peer-educators, as well as the engagement of communication experts as integral part of the VMMC programme.
The impact of online class on foreign language acquisition of college students
Full text linkAB English Language students need to go through foreign language courses. This phenomenological study explored the experiences of AB English Language students at UM Tagum College on the impact of online classes on their foreign language acquisition. There were seven participants for in-depth interviews and seven for one focus-group discussion as data sources. The results reveal that students experienced internet connectivity issues, preferred a face-to-face class, found the platform convenient, and saw the environment as relaxing. In addition, the data showed that students’ responsibilities were practiced, implemented time management, learned different learning strategies, and showed a positive mindset for students\u27 experiences coping with online language learning. Lastly, for the students\u27 insights, they learned independently, possessed the right mindset, gained benefits for future travels, and various language-learning virtues were found. Thus, online classes are vital to students’ foreign language acquisition
Negation within the scope of focus activation in Yorùbá Language
Full text linkFocus construction is a syntactic process where sentence constituents are given prominence by fronting and marked with a marker. Within the domain of the specifier of Focus Phrase (FocP) in the Yoruba language, the focused constituent moves to the specifier (spec) of FocP and is demarcated from the rest of the clause for attentional state and word order requirements. The focused constituent can be negated by kọ́ in negative focus construction. The hierarchical interaction of kọ́ and focused constituent has not received adequate attention from scholars working on Yoruba focus domains. Thus, this paper adopts Rizzi’s Cartographic Analysis to resolve the interpretation and hierarchical anomaly found in existing literature. The research is qualitative, and primary data were collected from five purposively selected competent native speakers of Yoruba while secondary data consisted of strings of sentence constructions collected from the markets and extant works. The paper discovered that the scope of negation determines the structural architecture of spec-FocP; topicalized and interrogated items cannot be negated, hence both the spec-InterP and spec-TopP are opaque to the so-called constituent negation scope kọ́, and that the complement domain of Neg0 houses an XP (DP, CP, PP, or TP) before being moved for the purpose spec-head valuation. The negator seems to induce a hierarchical order of dominance in interpretation. Hence, scholars depict the negator wrongly in the domain thereby providing wrong interpretation and wrong structural representation of the domain. The implication of this finding shows that there are still more works on the grammar of the Yoruba language
Feminimasculinism
Full text linkThis hermeneutical treatise presents a new gender philosophy named, “Feminimasculinism”. This novel gender philosophy is a “double” or “complete” narrative of gender fissure. The fundamental problem that inspired this critical and innovative discourse is the realization that the feminist story is a single story that asserts the female gender as the most unfortunate of society. This single narrative is mostly silent concerning the dilemma, entailments, and encumbrances of the male child. With the critical method of hermeneutics, the study reveals the unspoken plights of the boy-child. Consequently, the treatise argues that a sustainable gender discourse capable of perpetually resolving the perennial, ubiquitous and prevailing gender fissure must progressively move away from feminism and masculinism to feminimasculinism. The theory or philosophy of Feminimasculinism is an integrated meta-science that proposes that gender discourses should not just be about exposing the predicament of the girl-child and canvasing for her rights, thereby presenting her as the unfortunate gender. Rather, critical and sustainable gender discourses also must pay equal attention to the unfortunate or ironic twist of fate and predicament of the boy-child. On the basis of the findings of this expository analysis, the paper recommends that to achieve sustainable gender equality, it is germane for gender discourse to progressively move away from masculinism and feminism to feminimasculinism. The study is a qualitative research based on secondary data and extended theoretical analysis
Gender: An intersectional analysis of women\u27s involvement in politics in Local Government Administration in Northern Ghana, the prospects and the hindrances
Full text linkWomen in Ghana suffer many deprivations, including marginalisation, repression, powerlessness and voicelessness. The extent to which women are excluded from participating in the politics of their communities in specific regions of the North has not received sufficient academic attention. This study seeks to deal with the lacuna. The study adopted a constructivist epistemological approach, using a semi-structured interview guide to collect primary data from respondents. This was supplemented with an analysis of archival and website documents and reports of some districts in the two regions. The results revealed low levels of women\u27s participation in local politics with no women in the thirty per cent (30%t) appointment slots reserved at the district assemblies. The study also found that there is a lack of financial capacity, assertiveness, moral support and the heavy family burden of women were some problems that stood in the way of women\u27s effective participation in politics in all areas. Other problems identified include an unfavourable political climate, a sense of inferiority of women in government and the patriarchal nature of the family system, which prevents women from assuming certain roles in the family and society. To increase women\u27s participation in local politics, the study recommends that a quota system be introduced whereby a quota is filled by women (reserved positions). The study recommends that District Assemblies organise public sensitisation programmes to educate women about their rights and to remove some of the cultural barriers that prevent women from playing certain roles like political governance in society
Discursive strategies of manipulation in President Bola Tinubu’s subsidy removal discourse
Full text linkThis study attempts to explore the discursive manipulative tactics deployed by President Bola Tinubu in the subsidy removal discourse. Although studies on discursive manipulative strategies abound, this particular study specifically focused on subsidy removal discourse in Nigeria, which none has hitherto considered. This study is an attempt to fill this gap in literature. The study, which employed Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) and Speech Act Analysis as its theoretical framework, was aimed at unravelling the manipulative strategies President Bola Tinubu deployed in the subsidy removal discourse in Nigeria. Using a descriptive research design, the study derived its data online from YouTube channels. Findings from the study indicated that President Bola Tinubu explored and exploited the emotions of the recipients in order to manage their minds. The author also made use of metaphorical allusions that helped to compare his ideologies to experiences that are very familiar to the recipients. Further, in order to achieve buy-in, President Tinubu portrayed himself as the helper, and the removal of fuel subsidy as the only way for the dreams and aspirations of Nigerians to be achieved. Among other things, the study recommends that other studies should consider the speeches of other political actors, on this subject and compare their discursive strategies and ideological positions. The study concludes that, language is a power tool in the possession of man and has been utilized to justify various actions with political undertones, and the removal of fuel subsidy in Nigeria, is one of such actions
Variation in the structure of complex sentences in English and Ịzọn languages
Full text linkThe learning of a new language is usually challenging. This is because the learning process is usually complicated by differences in the linguistic parameters of the learner\u27s first language and those of the target language. Thus, the aim of this study is to examine the structures of English and Ịzọn complex sentences in order to know the different parameters these languages apply in the construction of complex sentences. The study, which employed Chomsky’s Minimalist Program (MP) and Robert Lados’s Contrastive Analysis (CA) used the descriptive design. Data for the study were drawn from native speaker’s competence and interviews. Findings revealed that although English and Ịzọn share few parameters, there are overt parametric variation in the formation of complex sentences. Findings revealed that English independent clauses are promiscuous; they could occur at any position of the complex structures, while Ịzọn dependent clauses occur only at the initial positions of complex constructions. It was also discovered that English dependent clauses, especially relative clauses could be embedded. That is, a clause within a clause. However, this parameter is not found in Ịzọn. The study, which concluded that the parametric variations discovered would pose major challenges to the Ịzọn English learners, recommended that, teachers of English as a second language should concentrate on the areas with overt differences in order to overcome the challenges facing the Ịzọn bilinguals
Participatory video for safer health: The Paikon Kore development communication project in perspective
Full text linkThe twosome of communication technologies and theatre can serve as veritable tools of development in all aspects of life if properly harnessed. Therefore, this research explores how Participatory Video provides opportunity for community orientation, contextual interactions and possibilities for shift in control of the people themselves. Using the Paikon Kore community as a microcosm, it also examined how PV can transform people in the grass root from passive participants to active participants in their own health development. This research is descriptive and it is anchored on the Transformative learning theory. It looks closely at Participatory Video (PV) and its significant roles in development communication. This research is qualitative; thus, it used Participatory Learning and Action (PLA) approach which is a Communication-Based Assessment tool that enables the researcher to select and use appropriate communication research methods and techniques, as well as how to engage people in grass root in the investigation of their realities. It revealed that PV can succeed where the popular media such as newspapers, magazines, television, radio and the internet fail mainly due to its ability to communicate “in a multi-varied way and hence can maneuver the influence of the powerful few who control public opinion. Ultimately, the hallmark of PV is geared towards a conscientization process where the voices of the beneficiaries are heard, and their views respected through the bottom-up communication approach. Therefore, this research posits that even though there is no fixed way of conducting PV, which means that method varies according to the practitioner and the community response, practitioners must always accentuate the need for democratization of communication between outsiders and the community and amplification of the voices of marginalized community members. It concludes that communication revolution has opened new opportunities for participatory communication towards actualizing the social change potentials which is the destination of every development intervention. Hence, Development practitioners must jettison any form of top-down approach to development and relinquish intervention autonomy or ownership to targeted project beneficiaries
Aspersions on THEM, praises on US: Evaluating some Facebook posts on the three presidential candidates in the 2023 general elections in Nigeria
Full text linkLanguage is a veritable tool in the conduct of societal affairs, it can be used to build or destroy a person or a group. This study analyses some Facebook posts on three Nigeria 2023 presidential candidates: Bola Ahmed Tinubu of All Progressive Congress, Peter Obi of Labour Party, and Atiku Abubakar of People’s Democratic Party. Five posts for each candidate were randomly selected making fifteen posts in all, the posts constitute the primary data, while the secondary data are drawn from library and internet sources on the subject matter. The study is anchored on van Dijk’s Theory of Ideological Square (TIS), which contextualises the posts to be of US-THEM categorisation. The specific objectives of the study are: how is hate encoded in the Facebook posts under study; and what are the inferable common ground ideas in the posts that help the projection of the ‘‘US’’, and the backgrounding of the ‘‘THEM’’ in the posts. The findings show that hate is encoded in the Facebook posts through the use of deprecating words on the ‘‘THEM’’. The authors of the posts show lack of interest and confidence in ‘‘the OTHER’’ two candidates. Each author implicitly praised the favoured candidate. This study concludes that the use of negative words in whatever form has the propensity to cause negative reactions, and cast the target(s) in a deleterious light. The study recommends that fans of politicians should avoid the use of negative, and demeaning language, but should use language in a humane manner bearing in mind that each political position is ephemeral, and humans can change, their preferred candidate can change in attitude as time changes
Julius Kambarage Nyerere (1922-1999) and the quest for decolonizing African mind: Reflection on first generation of African nationalist leadership
Full text linkThe colonization of the African continent mainly in the 19th century was neither for the African interest nor for the interest of Africans. The alien domination caused the greatest damage to the African continent nearly in every aspect of life. Though most of the African countries became independent in the early 1960s and 1970s, many are still connected to Neo-colonialism for more than five decades. Julius Kambarage Nyerere is one of the African freedom fighters, Pan-Africanists, sages, and one of the founding leaders and First president of independent Tanganyika (Present-day Tanzania mainland). There is abundant literature on the role of the first generation of African nationalist leaders including Nyerere on African anticolonialism and nationalism but, relatively less has been covered on how they contributed to the decolonization of African minds which is the centre of the coloniality of power and decolonal processes on the continent. Therefore, this paper seeks to uncover Nyerere\u27s quest for decolonization of the African mind. The paper also aims to analyze historiographical trends in the African decolonization process. The study is purely qualitative and uses secondary sources to enrich it. It has been revealed that Nyerere\u27s philosophy on politics, education, development, policies, and socio-economic aspects is highly focused on the decolonizing African mental landscape. The paper concludes that in order to achieve true liberation and development, African leaders are called to lead their people and direct their efforts decolonize the minds by reconstructing and deconstructing important aspects such as language, education systems, traditions, and customs as well as building a transformative Pan-Africanism