Baynoon Centre for Studies and Development (BCSD): OJS
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Impact of TNF-α Cytokine on Entamoeba Histolitica Parasite Infection in The Context of Diabetes
Full text linkBackground: TNF-α, a proinflammatory cytokine, is a factor secreted by macrophages and plays an important role in enhancing the immune-inflammatory response to Entamoeba histolytica. Objective: The goal of this study was to detection of E. histolytica in Diabetes patients and compare immunological parameter TNF-α between Type 2 Diabetes mellitus patients and controls. Methodology: 150 of participants (75 diabetic patients suffered from with diarrhea + 75 controls) were involved in this study and during the period from beginning of March 2023 to the end of Nov, 2023. Including people of two sexes as well as every generation. Each individual's identity, sex, date of birth, and place of residency were recorded using an individualized survey. At (Najaf Diabetes and Endocrinology Center, AL Hakeem Public Medical institution, AL Furat AL Awsat Medical institution and AL Sader Medical City) and all ages took , whole participants in this examination topped up an individualized survey. Stool and blood samples were collected from all participants for detection of E.histolytica and measure TNF-α by ELISA technique. Results: The mean concentration of TNF-α in patients (72.563 ± 6.165 pg/ml) was higher than in control groups (23.314 ± 0.775 pg/ml) with statistically significant difference (P-value <0.0001) between groups with 95% confidence interval ranges from -61.69 to -36.81. The average rank concentration of TNF-α peaked at 63.67 pg/ml in diabetic patients infected with the parasite E.histolytica, a group consisting of 28 patients. The average level of TNF-α was at its lowest point (26.52 pg/ml) in a group of 48 diabetic patients who did not have the parasite E.histolytica. This variation had a p-value of 0.000 (significantly significant statistically). The age group of 63-72 years had the highest average rank for TNFα, with a measurement of 75.00 pg/ml. The age group of 3-12 years had the lowest average rank for TNFα, measuring at 14.29 pg/ml. Mean rank for awareness stage of TNf-α in ladies (39.08) was once barely greater than in men (38.10). Conclusions: The average concentration level of TNF-α cytokine differs significantly between the patient and control groups, with the patient group exhibiting greater levels. When compared to diabetic individuals without the parasite E. histolytica, the presence of the parasite caused a significant increase in TNF-α levels
Determination of Aflatoxin in the Blood of Patients with Hepatopathy and Evaluation its Effect on some Immune Parameters
Full text linkBackground: Aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus species, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, are a main producer of aflatoxins, which a class of toxic molds that can cause cancer and other health issues. Aims of study: Serum aflatoxin B1 detection, both qualitative and quantitative by using TLC and HPLC techniques; serum cytokine levels are used to assess the aflatoxin's impact on the human immune system. Methods: A study was carried out between November 2023 and January 2024. Blood samples were drawn from 150 Volunteer patients who were receiving care at Tikrit hospitals. Liver function tests (AST and ALT) were measure in the hospital used an automated device, ELISA test was used to detect IL-4, TNF-a, and IL-10, while detection of serum aflatoxin B1 was done both qualitatively and quantitatively using TLC and HPLC procedures. Results and Discussion; Out of 150 sample, the results showed 87 (58%) patients with (3.995±0.450) level of Aflatoxin B1 compared with 63(42%) patients of non-AFB1 group which scored (0.14±0.007) level of AFB1, these analyses were performed using HPLC. The study results showed increasing serum liver enzymes of AFB1 group compared with non AFB1 group, the pro-inflammatory cytokines increased (16.01±1.31) for AFB1, while anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-4, IL-10) decreased (9.96*±1.54, 4.90*±1.23) respectively. Conclusion: The study's findings suggest that toxins build up over time and can interfere with a variety of biological processes, any amount of toxin in the body is harmful. Aflatoxin changes pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and affects liver function
Identification of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus Isolated from Chronic Suppurative Otitis Media
Full text linkIntroduction: Staphylococcus aureus isolated from prolonged suppurative otitis media was the focus on the current investigation. Aims: The goal of this study is the identification of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from chronic suppurative otitis media. Material and methods: The research population is made up of 100 medical samples were taken from individual with chronic otitis media infection who visited Alfurat Al-Awsat Hospital and AL-Zahra Teaching Hospital for Children in the province of Al-Najaf between January 1, 2023, and March 20, 2023. Results: The samples were injected onto mannitol salt agar (MSA) and then subcultured on blood agar after being incubated for (24 to 48 hours at 37°C). Characterization of colonies, Gram's staining, and conventional biochemical testing. A genomic investigation of MRSA isolates was accompanied using PCR affecting the mecA gene. Staphylococcus aureus bacteria were create in 34.5% of specimens. Genotyping complete polymerase chain reaction and biochemical examination presented 58% correctness in recognizing detaches. 20 bacterial specimens were found to encompass the mecA gene, representative a joining among chronic suppurative otitis media and MRSA resounding the mecA gene. Conclusion: this study show Staphylococcus aureus is more causative agent for suppurative otitis media and resistant for some antibiotic because resistant to mecA gene
Evaluating the Role of Interleukin-9 in Cholelithiasis patients and Determine Prevalence of Fasiola Hepatica among these Patients
Full text linkBackground : Fascioliasis is a parasitic infection typically caused by Fasciola hepatica, which is also known as “the common liver fluke” or “the sheep liver fluke. People usually become infected by eating raw watercress or other water plants contaminated with immature parasite larvae. Aim of study: To determining the epidemiological prevalence of Liver fluke (Fasciola hepatica) in patients suffering from gallstones and assessment of serum concentrations of immunological marker IL-9 in these patients and control groups by ELISA technique. Methodology: Case control study design, included 140 participants, 70 of them included as cases (suffered from Cholelithiasis), and 70 of them included as controls. History of the study was from beginning of October 2023 to end of January 2024, all participants were attending to Al-Sader Medical City/Digestive System Unit, Al-Hakeem Hospital and Al-Haidarya Hospital. Two samples (stool and 5 ml serum) were taken from each participant for microscopic detection of F.hepatica and for measure some immune parameters by ELISA, respectively. Results: It was found that there is a statistically significant difference between patients with liver fluke (fasciola hepatica), where the percentage of patients with liver fluke (f. hepatica) was 10%. Only 90% of participants suffering from gallstones were negative for this parasite. There was statistically significant (p-value= 0.0001), increase in mean concentration of the parameter (IL-9,) between the two groups of patients (105.62±38.22 pg/ml, ml) and the control (38.86±10.1pg/ml,) respectively. And there was a known increase in the mean concentration of immune parameters in the serum of patients infected with the parasite (, IL-9: 193.79±13.59 pg/ml,) compared to their concentration in patients not infected with the parasite. Conclusions: Only 10% of 90% of Cholelithiasis patients in the immediate study were diagnosed positive for F.hepatica parasite. Majority of risk factor for gallstones disease was obesity in the current study, 57% suffering from obesity. There was increased in study parameters (, IL-9,) significantly in group of cholelithiasis patients other than control group
Risk Factors Of Preeclamsia In Pregnant Women In South Konawe District Hospital
Full text linkPreeclampsia is a dangerous pregnancy complication, characterized by high blood pressure and organ damage, which can cause maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. This study aims to identify risk factors for preeclampsia in pregnant women at the South Konawe District Hospital. The research method used was analytical descriptive with a cross-sectional approach. The risk factors analyzed include maternal age, parity, history of preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, obesity, lifestyle, socio-economic status and access to health services. Data was obtained from medical records of pregnant women during 2023. Research results show that age over 35 years, history of preeclampsia, chronic hypertension, obesity (IMT > 30), and low socioeconomic status are the main risk factors for preeclampsia. Recommendations are aimed at improving health monitoring of high-risk pregnant women and improving access to health services in these areas
EVALUATION OF NATIONAL INDICATORS FOR HEALTH CENTER QUALITY: SUCCESSFUL TREATMENT OF TB PATIENTS IN ALL DRUG SENSITIVE (SO) CASES AT KOLONO HEALTH CENTER SOUTH KONAWE DISTRICT
Full text linkThe background: Indonesia is one of the countries with the highest TB cases, in 2023 there will be 808 thousand cases of drug-sensitive tuberculosis (TB) recorded and around 88 percent will start treatment. Based on data from the South Konawe Regency TB Information System (SITB) in 2023, there were 534 cases of TB with 526 cases of treatment status according to standards and 8 cases of non-standard treatment status. Objective: This study aims to determine the number of successful treatments for Tuberculosis (TB) patients with all drug sensitive (SO) cases at the Kolono Community Health Center, South Konawe Regency from January to June 2024. Method: The research is a qualitative study with a case study approach. National Quality Indicators (INM) focuses on indicators of successful treatment of Tuberculosis (TB) patients in all drug sensitive (SO) cases at the Kolono Community Health Center. Research data collection was carried out on 5 August 2024 - 10 August 2024. Primary data was obtained from in-depth interviews with three Community Health Center officers, while secondary data was taken from the results of quality measurements in the Health Facilities Quality Application regarding Indicators of Treatment Success for Drug-sensitive Tuberculosis (TB) Patients (SO) . Results: The results of this study show that treatment of SO TB patients at the Kolono Community Health Center was not successful. This is caused by infrastructure factors in the form of inadequate or non-standard microscopes and no materials for re-examination of sputum. So it can be said that efforts to improve the quality of successful treatment for TB patients can be seen from the flow of treatment from the time the patient is declared positive through bacteriological or TCM examination until the patient is declared cured and complete treatment is not fulfilled. Conclusion: Treatment of SO TB patients at the Kolono Community Health Center was unsuccessful
Social Media and Students’ Motivation in English Language Acquisition
Full text linkThis study investigates the impact of social media on students' motivation and English language acquisition from a psycholinguistic perspective. The main goal is to understand how platforms such as YouTube, TikTok, and Instagram increase cognitive engagement, motivation, vocabulary retention, and listening skills among students. Using a qualitative descriptive approach, data was collected from 30 Universitas Subang students through a triangulation method involving questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and observation data to gain comprehensive insight into learning experiences. The analysis was carried out through thematic and descriptive analysis, focusing on main psycholinguistic aspects such as motivation, auditory processes, and social interactions. Findings revealed that social media fostered both intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, with most students using these platforms to improve vocabulary and listening comprehension. Additionally, the informal language and interactive nature of social media helps students build confidence in language use and develop adaptive strategies for processing accents and slang. In conclusion, social media effectively supports language acquisition by providing an accessible, authentic, and context-rich learning environment, although challenges such as distractions and informal expression remain. This study shows that social media can be an invaluable tool in modern language education, complementing traditional classroom methods and offering flexible and engaging opportunities for learners
Effect of Irrigation and Tillage Systems on The Amount of Wasted Water and Net Profit of Broccoli Plants
Full text linkThe experiment was carried out in the research field of the College of Agriculture and Forestry / University of Mosul / Tourist Forest Area, during the growing season (2023-2024). The experiment included studying the effect of two factors, the first factor: tillage systems (surface plowing and deep plowing) and the second factor included irrigation systems (drip irrigation system and flood irrigation system). Thus, the experiment included 4 treatments (2 × 2). The study was carried out in the field using a split-plot system within a completely randomized block design (RCBD), where tillage systems were placed in the main plots , and irrigation systems were placed in the Sub plots. The results can be summarized as follows:- A- The characteristics represented by the amount of water per 30 cm and the amount of wasted water were affected by the factor of tillage systems, as the surface tillage system showed significant superiority in these characteristics over the deep tillage system. B- The characteristics represented by characteristics of vegetative growth were affected by the factor of deep plowing systems, as the deep tillage system showed lower costs compared to the surface tillage system, which gave better values in terms of net profit for the production process. The bilateral interaction treatment between the surface tillage system and the drip irrigation system showed the highest net profit for Characteristics of vegetative growth
Investigation Epidemiological and Immunological Variable (IL-6) Resulting from Infection with Hydatid Cysts in Al-Najaf Hospitals: Case Control Study
Full text linkBackground: Human echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease caused by a species of medical importance, the Echinococcus granulosus, an etiological agent of cystic echinococcosis (CE) .
Material and methods: A radiological examination will be performed for these patients to diagnose Echinococcus granulosus parasite by find echinococcal cysts. All of these patients were involved in this study and during the period starting from October 2023 to the end of January 2024, from all ages of patient from both sex (Males and Females At Al-Sader Medical City, AL-Hakeem General Hospital, AL-Haidarya general Hospital and Al-Hayat Hospital.
Results: The mean level of IL-6 in patients is 181.22 pg/ml, which is significantly higher than the mean level of 25.7 pg/ml in controls (p-value < 0.001). This suggests that patients have elevated IL-6 levels compared to healthy individuals.
Conclusion: The prevalence of hydatid disease in Al-Najaf Al-Ashraf in this study was 33%. There is evidence that individual differences in cytokine (Interleukin-6) levels may affect development or susceptibility to disease
The Role of Plant Density in Vegetative Growth and Yield to Four Varieties of Faba Bean (Vicia faba L .)
Full text linkThe study was conducted in the vegetable field of the Department of Horticulture and Landscape Engineering, College of Agriculture and Forestry, University of Mosul, during the agricultural season 2018-2019 to study the effect of plant density on the vegetative growth characteristics and yield of four bean varieties, that is, by two factors: plant density (8 plants / m2 and 12 plants / m2) and cultivars. (Local, Spanish, French, Dutch) within the (RCBD) design with three replications, as the number of transactions in the experiment was (8) . The plant density of 8 plants/m2 showed its superiority in most of the characteristics of vegetative growth and yield, except for the two characteristics of plant height and pod weight, where it was superior under the plant density of 12 plants/m2. The local cultivar excelled in most of the characteristics of vegetative growth and the characteristics of total yield and plant yield compared with the Dutch or French variety. Give the lowest values for these traits