Jurnal Health Sains (JHS)
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The Implementation of National Health Insurance Policy in Rural Health Center
Get PDFKehidupan bermasyarakat dan bernegara tidak dapat terlaksana dengan baik apabila tidak didukung dengan upaya peningkatan kesehatan bagi masyarakat berkaitan dengan upaya kesehatan masyarakat pemerintahan mempunyai kebijakan Program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional adalah sebuah pelaksanaan program Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana Implementasi Kebijakan Pelayanan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Di Puskesmas Pedesaan. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis kualitatif dengan wawancara mendalam, observasi langsung, dan studi keperpustakaan. Studi lapangan dilakukan melalui wawancara dengan Puskesmas Desa dan Masyarakat yang mengikuti program JKN. Teknik analisis data kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Implementasi Kebijakan Pelayanan Jaminan Kesehatan Nasional Di Puskesmas Pedesaan belum maksimal dan masih terdapat kekurangan yang masih perlu diperbaiki. Penataan sumber daya manusia seharusnya berjalan dengan maksimal agar program dapat terus berjalan, penggunaan sarana prasarana masih terjadi kesenjangan dalam memperoleh pelayanan di pukesmas pedesaan, dan masih terdapat masyarakat yang kurang mampu belum mendapatkan pelayanan yang baik. Puskesmas Pedesaan sebagai pelaksana program JKN diharapkan untuk lebih mengintensifkan sosialisasi mengenai pelayanan kesehatan gratis, misalnya dengan melakukan penyuluhan dan pemasangan spanduk sehingga informasi tentang program Pelayanan JKN bisa sampai ke pelosok-pelosok desa
Analysis of Handler Hygiene with Coliform Content at Drinking Water Depots in the Former Maospati District, Magetan Regency in 2024
Get PDFThis study aims to analyze the relationship between handler hygiene and the content of coliform bacteria in drinking water depots in the former Maospati District, Magetan Regency in 2024. Coliform bacteria are used as an indicator of fecal contamination in drinking water, which can pose serious health risks for consumers. The research method used is analytical observational with a cross-sectional approach. Sampling was carried out at simple random from 52 drinking water depots, with a total of 19 samples analyzed using the Most Probable Number (MPN) method to determine the concentration of coliform bacteria. The research results showed that the majority of drinking water depots (59%) had poor handler hygiene, while the remaining 41% had good hygiene. Microbiologically, 51.3% of water samples did not meet the requirements because they contained coliform bacteria, while 48.7% met the requirements. Statistical analysis showed a significant relationship between poor handler hygiene and high levels of coliform content (p = 0.001), with a relative risk 12.2 times higher. This study makes an important contribution to knowledge about drinking water safety in the region, highlighting the importance of sanitation and hygiene monitoring in drinking water depots to reduce public health risks. Recommendations from this research include increased supervision and training for drinking water depot managers, as well as the need to strengthen regulations and implement stricter sanitation hygiene standards
Overview Pterygium
Get PDFPterygium is a wing-shaped fibrovascular growth extending from the conjunctiva onto the cornea. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of pterygium, including its etiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment options, and prognosis. A literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar databases. Findings suggest that pterygium is primarily associated with UV exposure and occurs more frequently in tropical and subtropical regions. Diagnosis is primarily clinical, with treatment options ranging from conservative management to surgical intervention. While generally benign, pterygium can cause visual disturbances and has a significant recurrence rate post-surgery
Risk Factors of Intrauterine Fetal Death in Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Indonesia
Get PDFIntra Uterine Fetal Death ( IUFD ) results from various disorders of the mother, fetus, and placenta. This study aimed to explore factors contributing to IUFD, knowing the risk factors will prevent this case in the future time. In 2016-2018, patients diagnosed with IUFD at 22 weeks of gestation were included. One hundred twenty-five patients with IUFD and 125 controls with alive fetuses were enrolled. Data were collected from the medical records of participants. Factors that may have contributed to IUFD were explored. Comparisons between various risk factors and outcomes of the two groups were made. P-value was statistically significant if ≤0.05. We found several factors that contribute to IUFD. Some factors like BMI, ANC provider, referred from tertiary health facility, and congenital anomaly increased the risk of IUFD by 2.86, 5.86, 6.26 and 9.45 times respectively. In contrast, some factors like a number of ANC ≥ 6 times and gestational age >36 weeks decrease the risk of IUFD. Regular and intensive ANC ≥ 6 times during pregnancy, number of pregnancy and gestational age ≥ 36 weeks significantly decreases the risk of IUFD with OR 0.12, 0.4, and 0.23 respectively. High-quality ANC to identify IUFD risk factors may lead to a significant decrease in its occurrences. Some factors like BMI, ANC provider, referred from tertiary health facility, and congenital anomaly increased the risk of IUFD, but Number of ANC≥ 6 times, number of pregnancy ≥2 and gestational age ≥36 weeks can reduce risk of IUFD
Efektivitas Keterlibatan TP PKK Dengan Metode Modul dan Video Pendek dalam Menurunkan Kejadian Hipertensi Di Wilayah Kerja Pkm Bolo Kabupaten Bima
No full textBackground: Hypertension is a disorder of the blood vessels that results in oxygen supply and obstruction of nutrients reaching the tissues, causing the heart to work harder to meet the needs. If this condition lasts a long time and persists, symptoms called high blood pressure occur, which are most common in the elderly. So it is necessary to do early prevention by increasing knowledge and attitudes using media and video modules with the involvement of TP PKK. Method: The research method used was a quasi experiment, namely pre-test and post-test with the control group. Wilcoxone test. This study was to analyze the effectiveness of TP PKK involvement with video and module methods on the knowledge and attitudes of respondents in reducing the incidence of hypertension. Discussion result: Based on the results of the study, there was a significant increase in knowledge of 0.0001 in measuring knowledge using video. With an average value of 91.50 and an SD value of 6.016. In the control group it was found to be significant at 0.001. With an average value of 78.77 and an SD value of 9.317. Attitude measurement in the video group obtained significant results of 0.0001. With an average value of 36.50 and an SD value of 3.267. Conclusion: Then the attitude of the module group obtained significant results of 0.002. With an average value of 32.13 and an SD value of 5.270. From these results it shows that providing TP PKK involvement with the video method and modules is effective for increasing knowledge and attitudes, but providing with video media is faster to increase knowledge and attitudes in reducing the incidence of hypertension.Background: Hypertension is a disorder of the blood vessels that results in oxygen supply and obstruction of nutrients reaching the tissues, causing the heart to work harder to meet the needs. If this condition lasts a long time and persists, symptoms called high blood pressure occur, which are most common in the elderly. So it is necessary to do early prevention by increasing knowledge and attitudes using media and video modules with the involvement of TP PKK. Method: The research method used was a quasi experiment, namely pre-test and post-test with the control group. Wilcoxone test. This study was to analyze the effectiveness of TP PKK involvement with video and module methods on the knowledge and attitudes of respondents in reducing the incidence of hypertension. Discussion result: Based on the results of the study, there was a significant increase in knowledge of 0.0001 in measuring knowledge using video. With an average value of 91.50 and an SD value of 6.016. In the control group it was found to be significant at 0.001. With an average value of 78.77 and an SD value of 9.317. Attitude measurement in the video group obtained significant results of 0.0001. With an average value of 36.50 and an SD value of 3.267. Conclusion: Then the attitude of the module group obtained significant results of 0.002. With an average value of 32.13 and an SD value of 5.270. From these results it shows that providing TP PKK involvement with the video method and modules is effective for increasing knowledge and attitudes, but providing with video media is faster to increase knowledge and attitudes in reducing the incidence of hypertension.Hipertensi merupakan gangguan pada pembuluh darah yang mengakibatkan suplai oksigen dan nutrisi terhambat sampai ke jaringan, mengakibatkan jantung bekerja lebih keras untuk memenuhi kebutuhan. Bila kondisi ini berlangsung lama dan menetap, timbul gejala yang disebut penyakit tekanan darah tinggi yang paling banyak terjadi pada lansia. Sehingga perlu dilakukan pencegahan sejak dini dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap menggunakan media modul dan video dengan keterlibatan TP PKK. Metode penelitian yang digunakan quasy experiment yang bersifat pre test and post test with control group. Uji Wilcoxone. Penelitian ini untuk menganalisis efektifitas keterlibatan TP PKK dengan metode video dan modul terhadap pengetahuan dan sikap responden dalam menurunkan kejadian hipertensi. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian terdapat peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan sebesar 0.0001 pada pengukuran pengetahuan menggunakan video. Dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 91.50 dan nilai SD sebesar 6.016. Pada kelompok kontrol didapatkan signifikan sebesar 0.001. Dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 78.77 dan nilai SD sebesar 9.317. Pengukuran sikap pada kelompok video didapatkan hasil signifikan sebesar 0.0001. Dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 36.50 dan nilai SD sebesar 3.267. Kemudian sikap kelompok modul didapatkan hasil signifikan sebesar 0.002. Dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 32.13 dan nilai SD sebesar 5.270. Dari hasil tersebut menunjukkan bahwa pemberian keterlibatan TP PKK dengan metode video dan modul efektif terhadap meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap, namun pemberian dengan media video lebih cepat meningkatkan pengetahuan dan sikap dalam menurunkan angka kejadian hipertensi
Black Fruit Seed Extract Effect on the Memory of Wistar White Mouse Induced Alcl3
Get PDFBlack fruit seed extract (Haplolobus monticola) contains flavonoid, alkaloid, and terpenoid compounds. Flavonoids are beneficial to the cognitive function of the human brain. Terpenoid derivatives can be used as potential therapeutic agents for the treatment of dementia. Alkaloids have shown good affinity with the cholinergic enzyme AChE. To find out the effect of black fruit seed extract on the memory of Wistar white mouse induced AlCl3. AlCl3 was used to induce experimental animal models of dementia. Experimental design using Complete Randomized Design and is comparative. The subject of the study used was Wistar White Mouse. The subjects of the study were randomly divided into 4 groups including K1 (aquadest 21 days continued Na-CMC 1% 10 days), K2 (AlCl3 21 days followed by Na-CMC 1% 10 days), K3 (AlCl induction 3 21 days continued Donepezil), and K4 (AlCl 3 21 days followed by 10 days). Memory evaluation using Morris water maze test data results were analyzed with a t-test to see differences before treatment and after. Then the One-way Anova test was to see the differences in the results of each group and continued with the Least Significant Difference (LSD) test. The mean value of the morris water maze after therapy administration In the K3 and K4 groups showed significant cognitive improvement. There was no meaningful difference between K3 and K4 against the decrease in the average value of the morris water maze test. Black fruit seed extract can improve memory in a Wistar white mouse that has been induced by AlCl3 and is comparable to donepezil.Ekstrak biji buah hitam (Haplolobus monticola) mengandung senyawa flavonoid, alkaloid, dan terpenoid. Flavonoid bermanfaat untuk fungsi kognitif otak manusia. Turunan terpenoid dapat digunakan sebagai agen terapi potensial untuk pengobatan demensia. Alkaloid telah menunjukkan afinitas yang baik dengan enzim kolinergik AChE. Untuk mengetahui pengaruh ekstrak biji buah hitam terhadap memori tikus putih yang diinduksi AlCl3 Wistar. AlCl3 digunakan untuk menginduksi hewan percobaan model demensia. Rancangan percobaan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dan bersifat komparatif. Subyek penelitian yang digunakan adalah Tikus Putih Wistar. Subyek penelitian dibagi secara acak menjadi 4 kelompok yaitu K1 (aquadest 21 hari dilanjutkan Na-CMC 1% 10 hari), K2 (AlCl3 21 hari diikuti Na-CMC 1% 10 hari), K3 (induksi AlCl 3 21 hari lanjut Donepezil), dan K4 (AlCl 3 21 hari dilanjutkan 10 hari). Evaluasi memori menggunakan uji Morris water maze data hasil dianalisis dengan t-test untuk melihat perbedaan sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan. Kemudian dilakukan uji One-way Anova untuk melihat perbedaan hasil masing-masing kelompok dan dilanjutkan dengan uji Beda Nyata Terkecil (BNT). Nilai rata-rata morris water maze setelah pemberian terapi Pada kelompok K3 dan K4 menunjukkan peningkatan kognitif yang signifikan. Tidak terdapat perbedaan yang berarti antara K3 dan K4 terhadap penurunan nilai rata-rata morris water maze test. Ekstrak biji buah hitam dapat meningkatkan daya ingat pada tikus putih Wistar yang telah diinduksi AlCl3 dan sebanding dengan donepezil
REVIEW ARTICLE: TERAPI FARMAKOLOGI MENINGITIS TUBERKULOSIS
No full textTuberculosis Meningitis is a type of extrapulmonary TB that is very deadly because it infects the central nervous system. Therefore post-diagnosis pharmacological therapy is needed to maintain and improve the quality of life of patients. Based on this, there were 210 articles related to keywords and 15 articles that met the inclusion criteria. The main pharmacological therapies for patients with tuberculous meningitis include rifampicin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol, dexamethasone, and third-class cephalosporin antibiotics.Meningitis Tuberkulosis (Meningitis TB) merupakan salah satu jenis TB ekstra paru yang sangat mematikan karena menginfeksi sistem saraf pusat. Oleh karena itu terapi farmakologi pasca ditegakkannya diagnosis sangat diperlukan untuk mempertahankan dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien. Berdasarkan hal tersebut didapatkan 210 artikel yang berkaitan dengan kata kunci dan 15 artikel yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Terapi farmakologi utama untuk pasien dengan meningitis tuberkulosis diantaranya rifampisin, isoniazid, pirazinamid, etambutol, deksametason, dan antibiotik golongan sefalosporin golongan ketiga
Analisis Faktor yang Berhubungan dengan Penerapan Budaya Keselamatan Pasien pada Perawat
No full textPatient safety culture is a product of values, attitudes, competencies and behavioral patterns of individuals and groups that determine the commitment, style and ability of a health care organization towards patient safety programs. if a health service organization does not have a patient safety culture, accidents can occur resulting in latent errors, psychological and physiological disturbances to staff, decreased productivity, reduced patient satisfaction and cause interpersonal conflicts. leadership, competence and effective communication are important factors for the successful implementation of patient safety culture in hospitals. Analyzing the relationship of leadership, competency and effective communication to the implementation of patient safety culture. This research was conducted on 179 nurses working in the inpatient room of the XX Serang hospital which were taken from 323 nurses, with the research method using cross-sectional research, where data was taken through interviews using questionnaire sheets. In this study the authors used statistical analysis of the Cji Square test and correlation test to determine the strength of the relationship between variables. Statistical test results obtained values for leadership variables 0.001, competence 0.000 and effective communication 0.017 < P value (0.05) so that it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between leadership, competence and effective communication on the application of patient safety culture to nurses in inpatient rooms of XX hospital Attack. While the results of the correlation test obtained a coefficient value for leadership 0.25, competence 0.043 and effective communication 0.164, of the three independent variables, it is the leadership variable that has a higher value than the others, this shows that leadership plays a very high role in implementing patient safety culture to nurses in the inpatient room of the XX Serang Kata hospitalBudaya keselamatan pasien adalah produk dari nilai, sikap, kompetensi dan pola perilaku individu dan kelompok yang menentukan komitmen, style dan kemampuan suatu organisasi pelayanan kesehatan terhadap program keselamatan pasien. bila suatu organisasi pelayanan kesehatan tidak memiliki budaya keselamatan pasien, maka kecelakaan dapat terjadi yang mengakibatkan kesalahan laten, gangguan psikologis dan fisiologis pada staf, penurunan produktivitas, berkurangnya kepuasan pasien serta menimbulkan konflik interpersonal. kepemimpinan, kompetensi dan komunikasi efektif merupakan factor penting untuk berjalannya penerapan budaya keselamatan pasien di rumah sakit. Menganalisis hubungan kepemimpinan, kompetensi dan komunikasi efektif terhadap penerapan budaya keselamatan pasien. Penelitian ini dilakukan terhadap 179 perawat yang bekerja di ruang rawat inap rumah sakit XX Serang yang diambil dari 323 perawat, dengan metode penelian menggunakan penelitian crossectional, dimana data diambil melalui wawancara dengan menggunakan lembar kuisioner. Pada penelitian ini penulis menggunakan analisa statistik uji Cji Square dan uji korelasi untuk mengetahui kekuatan hubungan antar variabel. Hasil uji statistic didapatkan nilai untuk variable kepemimpina 0,001, kompetensi 0.000 dan komunikasi efektif 0.017 < nilai P (0.05) sehingga dapat disimpulkan terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara kepemimpinan, kompetensi dan komunikasi epektif terhadap penerapan budaya keselamatan pasien pada perawat di ruang rawat inap rumah sakit XX Serang. Sedangkan hasil uji korelasi didapatkan nilai koofesien untuk kepemimpinan 0,25, kompetensi 0,043 dan komunikasi efektif 0,164, dari ketiga variabel independen, variabel kepemimpinanlah yang nilainya lebih tinggi dibanding yang lain, hal ini menunjukan kepemimpinan memegang peranan yang sangat tinggi untuk terlaksananya penerapan budaya keselamatan pasien pada perawat di ruang raawat inap rumah sakit XX Serang Kat
WANITA 28 TAHUN P1A0 DENGAN HEMORRHAGE POST PARTUM EC SISA PLASENTA DAN ATONIA UTERI
Get PDFThe maternal mortality rate in Indonesia in 2012 was still quite high, reaching 32 per 100,000 births. According to the Ministry of Health of the Republic of Indonesia in 2010, deaths due to postpartum hemorrhage reached 40-60% (Ministry of Health RI, 2010). Reports on Maternal Mortality districts/cities in East Java, showed that the MMR in East Java in 2012 was 97.43 per 100,000 live births, with the death rate being caused by bleeding by 33.06%. Meanwhile, the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage in the city of Surabaya reached 16.67% (DinKes Kota, 2009). In 80 to 90 percent of postpartum hemorrhage the main cause and most are due to uterine atony (absence of contractions in the uterus/womb), with a percentage of 50-60% (Varney, 2007). Woman, aged 28 years, came with complaints of uncontrolled bleeding after giving birth 5 days ago at the midwife. Spontaneously born baby, immediately crying loudly, male sex, weight 3900 g, followed by delivery of the placenta. On physical examination, the general condition was weak, composure, blood pressure 110/70 mmHg, pulse 113 x/minute, respiration 22 x/minute, temperature 36.6 °C. In general status obtained pale conjunctiva and cold acral. On obstetric examination found weak contractions, no tenderness. Examination of the lower portion is found lividae, open external urethral orifice (OUE), active bleeding, positive lacerations, positive hecting. Supporting examination showed a presemce of low Hb that is 4.6 g/dl. The patient was diagnosed as P1A0 spontaneous postpartum 5 days with HPP ec rest of placenta + uterine atony + anemia.. Angka kematian ibu di Indonesia pada tahun 2012 tergolong masih cukup tinggi, mencapai 32 per 100.000 kelahiran. Menurut Kementrian RI tahun 2010 kematian akibat perdarahan postpartum mencapai angka 40-60% (DepKes RI, 2010). Laporan Kematian Ibu kab/kota se- Jatim, menunjukkan AKI Jawa Timur pada tahun 2012 adalah 97,43 per 100.000 kelahiran hidup, dengan angka kematian yang disebabkan karena perdarahan sebesar 33,06%. Sedangkan, angka kejadian perdarahan postpartum di kota Surabaya mencapai 16,67 % (DinKes Kota, 2009). Pada 80 sampai 90 persen kejadian perdarahan postpartum penyebab utama dan paling banyak adalah karena atonia uteri (tidak adanya kontraksi pada uterus/rahim), dengan presentase sebesar 50-60% (Varney, 2007). Wanita, berusia 28 tahun, datang dengan keluhan perdarahan yang tidak terkontrol setelah melahirkan 5 hari yang lalu di bidan. Bayi yang lahir secara spontan, langsung menangis kuat, jenis kelamin laki-laki, BB 3900 g, diikuti oleh kelahiran plasenta. Pada pemeriksaan fisik ditemukan keadaan umum lemah, komposmentis, tekanan darah 110/70 mmHg, denyut nadi 113 x/menit, pernapasan 22 x/menit, suhu 36,6 °C. Pada status umum diperoleh konjungtiva pucat dan akral dingin. Pada pemeriksaan obstetri ditemukan kontraksi lemah, tidak ada nyeri tekan. Pemeriksaan bagian bawah ditemukan lividae, orifisium uretra eksterna (OUE) terbuka, perdarahan aktif, laserasi positif, hecting positif. Pemeriksaan penunjang menunjukkan adanya Hb rendah 4,6 g/dl, Pasien didagnosis sebagai P1A0 postpartum spontan 5 hari dengan HPP ec sisa plasenta + atonia uteri +anemia
HIGH SERUM RATIO OF SOLUBLE FMS-LIKE TYROSINE KINASE 1 (sFlt-1) TO PLACENTAL GROWTH FACTOR (PIGF) AND HIGH LEVEL OF LOW-DENSITY LIPOPROTEIN (LDL) AS RISK FACTORS OF PREECLAMPSIA
Get PDFPreeclampsia is an obstetric disease that is a health problem worldwide, including in Indonesia. Several studies have shown that changes in the maternal spiral arteries are thought to lead to preeclampsia. Preeclampsia in this decade has been associated with changes in angiogenesis regulatory proteins originating from the placenta and circulating in the mother's blood circulation, namely soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) and placental growth factor (PlGF). The author was interested in examining the ratio of sFlt-1/PIGF and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) to the incidence of preeclampsia in pregnant women. This study used a case control analytic observational design. The research sample was selected by consecutive sampling of 20 cases and 20 controls. Univariate analysis was used to describe patient characteristics descriptively, and bivariate analysis was used to determine the relationship between the 2 variables There is no significant difference in the characteristics of the research subjects. Low PIGF levels are a risk factor for preeclampsia (OR 4.33; p 0.0302) with a cut-off value of 24.5. High sFlt-1 levels are a risk factor for preeclampsia (OR 4.33; p 0.027) with a cut-off value of 869.5. A high sFlt-1/PIGF ratio is a risk factor for preeclampsia (OR 4.33 p 0.030) with a cut-off value of 38. High LDL levels are a risk factor for preeclampsia (OR 6.0; p 0.013) with a cut-off value of 150 ,2. Low placental growth factor (PIGF), high levels of soluble FMS-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1), and high levels of LDL are risk factors of preeclampsia in pregnant women