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Crise d’identité et critique sociopolitique dans Les Catapilas, ces ingrats de Venance Konan
No full textRécemment, nous assistons à l’émergence de la question de l’identité[1] comme l’une des principales causes des crises sociopolitiques qui ravagent plusieurs pays africains. Les écrivains africains ne voulant pas rester indifférents aux problèmes qui gangrènent leur société décident d’aborder la question de l’identité dans leurs œuvres. Notre étude s’articule autour du rôle identitaire dans la crise sociopolitique. Le concept de l’identité se joue comme un phénomène social à travers Les Catapilas, ces ingrats de Venance Konan. L’étude a révélé que la mauvaise gestion des crises d’identité par les gouvernements et les populations (autochtones et immigrées) fait partie des crises sociopolitiques qui minent plusieurs pays africains.Récemment, nous assistons à l’émergence de la question de l’identité[1] comme l’une des principales causes des crises sociopolitiques qui ravagent plusieurs pays africains. Les écrivains africains ne voulant pas rester indifférents aux problèmes qui gangrènent leur société décident d’aborder la question de l’identité dans leurs œuvres. Notre étude s’articule autour du rôle identitaire dans la crise sociopolitique. Le concept de l’identité se joue comme un phénomène social à travers Les Catapilas, ces ingrats de Venance Konan. L’étude a révélé que la mauvaise gestion des crises d’identité par les gouvernements et les populations (autochtones et immigrées) fait partie des crises sociopolitiques qui minent plusieurs pays africains
Framing Land Governance Issues in Indigenous and Settler Media within Canada
No full textThis comparative study examines how the framing of Indigenous land governance issues—such as resource extraction activities on Indigenous territory and treaty negotiation—in Indigenous media differs from that in corporate news. Methods of Critical Discourse Analysis were applied to 66 news texts published in 2018 in large corporate newspapers, such as the National Post, and small Indigenous news outlets, such as Eagle Feather News. Researchers found that Indigenous media connected land governance issues to contemporary issues, such as racism and control over child welfare, as well as historical colonialism and Indigenous-Settler relations, while corporate news generally excluded any discussion of these contextual factors. While the main news frame in the Indigenous press was Indigenous people were not consulted, the dominant frame in corporate news was Indigenous peoples have already been adequately consulted. Corporate news discourse valorized Indigenous traditional territory solely based on its presumed “economic value.” By contrast, Indigenous publications offered a counternarrative, one that positioned land and the rest of the natural environment as something that has absolute value, and as indivisible from all living things, including people
Nostalgia Engaging Cinephilia Through Music in Wes Anderson’s The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou
No full textThis essay contends that Wes Anderson’s use of nostalgic elements, such as the David Bowie songs in The Life Aquatic with Steve Zissou (2004), is an example of this engagement of nostalgia, and in turn, engaging cinephilic feelings within the viewer. This connects to the idea that the use of nostalgic triggers, such as music, contributes to the cinephile’s pleasurable experience of watching a fil
Dynamics of discrete predator- prey system with fear effect and density dependent birth rate of the prey species
No full textThis paper analyses a discrete predator-prey system with fear effect and density dependent birth rate of the prey species. The fixed points of the system are determined and their stability is examined. The criterion for Neimark-Sacker bifurcation and flip bifurcation is developed. The chaotic orbit at an unstable fixed point can be stabilized by applying the state feedback control method. Numerically, we illustrate our analytical findings and observe the complex behaviour of the system that leads to stable state to chaotic one
Littérature de témoignage ou effet de sabordement de soi chez Calixthe Beyala : cas de Le roman de Pauline et Le Christ selon l’Afrique
No full textLa littérature francophone est aujourd’hui au carrefour des réflexions intimes. L’écriture se révèle davantage comme un tremplin de négociation de projet qui influe sur le lecteur pour s’établir comme une manière de transmettre une histoire individuelle ou collective à travers la mémoire. Le XXIe siècle en cours connait des mutations importantes dans la façon de diffuser les nouvelles idéologies par les écrivains francophones. Se fondant sur la problématique du questionnement de soi qui envahit les écrits actuels, le présent travail se veut une interrogation du phénomène de soi comme témoignage dont certains écrivains ont adopté comme la matière première de leur inspiration et qui se caractérise par une écriture étrange
International Perspectives on the Role of Indigenous Fathers in Caring for Their Infants: A Scoping Study
No full textIntroduction
Effective early childhood development interventions require a thorough understanding parental roles in supporting their infants’ health. Yet, the role of Indigenous fathers is not well illustrated within the literature. This scoping study synthesizes the roles that Indigenous fathers have in promoting the health and development of their infants, using an international perspective. Findings support future research to develop effective early childhood parenting interventions that address the unique needs of Indigenous fathers.
Methods
Scoping methodology was undertaken with inclusion criteria stipulating infants less than two years of age, and describing the role of Indigenous fathers (or father figures) in meeting the health and/or developmental needs of their infants. Descriptive and pattern coding were used during data extraction and synthesis. Collaboration with Indigenous community partners, including First Nations fathers, promoted ethical research conduct and findings framed within Indigenous ways of knowing.
Results
Findings highlight a journey to becoming a father, beginning with assuming a new identity as a father, establishing their fathering role, and supporting one another throughout the journey. This process has significant implications for a child’s development and wellbeing and related health policy.
Conclusions
This review synthesizes the experiences of Indigenous fathers across the globe, and while the journey is not fully understood, these initial findings are helpful to support future research and health policy. It is in the best interests of children if men are proactively supported in their transition to fatherhood as early as possible to promote a positive impact on their children’s development and future wellbeing
‘Forced to Become a Community’: Encampment Residents’ Perspectives on Systemic Failures, Precarity, and Constrained Choice
No full textHomelessness is a serious public health concern with devastating consequences for health and wellbeing of homeless people. Visible signs of homelessness often appear in the form of encampments or tent cities. Such sites often raise controversies about public health and safety without attention to the structural, systemic and individual factors that contribute to their existence, including deficits in basic determinants of health and a failure to protect human rights to housing. The purpose of this paper is to explore the conditions that contribute to homeless encampments and ongoing issues of precarity, and right to housing from the perspective of residents of one encampment. The data set was comprised of 47 affidavits taken from 33 people from one tent city in Victoria, British Columbia (BC) in anticipation of legal action to remove residents and their belongings in 2016. We used Braun and Clarke’s (2006) approach to thematic analysis to identify, analyze and report patterns within the data. Residents spoke to systemic failures within the homeless sector itself as a factor in decisions to live in an encampment. Participants highlighted the challenges of ‘being chained to a backpack’ with nowhere to go and the impact of bylaws and policing on their health and well being. They acknowledged that while living in an encampment is a last resort it is often a better option than the streets or shelters with the benefits of a community, albeit a forced one with ongoing precarity. Public health responses to encampments should focus on centring human rights to adequate housing including self-determination and access to determinants of health. Such responses are aligned with public health commitments to health equity and social justice and require public health infrastructure
The Bias Dilemma: The Ethics of Algorithmic Bias in Natural-Language Processing
No full textAddressing biases in natural-language processing (NLP) systems presents an underappreciated ethical dilemma, which we think underlies recent debates about bias in NLP models. In brief, even if we could eliminate bias from language models or their outputs, we would thereby often withhold descriptively or ethically useful information, despite avoiding perpetuating or amplifying bias. Yet if we do not debias, we can perpetuate or amplify bias, even if we retain relevant descriptively or ethically useful information. Understanding this dilemma provides for a useful way of rethinking the ethics of algorithmic bias in NLP