GUMAN (Urdu Research Journal)
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Culture and Civilization Discussions
Full text linkWe embark on a journey through the rocky valleys of its historical background. Literature is called the means of life and living life is not easy. Life is full of its own winding paths. Where there is ease with difficulties. We know that human life is a continuous struggle with its own limits and capabilities. In the lap of which the feeling of happiness and sorrow and pain and comfort is found to the fullest. This very rush of life made man an inventor. To cope with human life, he always sought solutions to problems. He removed sufferings and made needs the mother of invention. Literature was also created under necessity. This is a creative process that took centuries to form and refine. It is as old as human existence itself. From the beginning of creation, when humans existed on this earth, the first thing he learned to do was to speak. The best manifestation of which is language. He expressed his thoughts and feelings with the help of this tool. As human populations increased, so did human resources. Now humans started living in different groups and groups, the developed form of which is called society. Society means living together. Man cannot live alone in deserts, forests or mountain caves. He has to depend on material resources and various animals and plants to survive. For which he creates the environment. The internal and external effects of the environment affect him, he uses woolen clothes and warm clothes to avoid winter. In summer, he adorns himself with cotton clothes and thin clothes. He uses roofs and umbrellas to avoid sun and rain. It is as if taking protective measures is part of his nature.
Key Words: Culture, Civilization, Literature, Happiness, Capabilities, Thoughts, Feelings, Protective Measures
Structural Analysis of Story in Fiction and Film
Full text linkThe story travels in fiction and Film. Undoubtedly, this is the story that establishes human’s interest. From the day of creation till now, human nature has been inclined towards stories. Story has been important in every known culture. It is primary mode of enabling peoples to imagine together productively. In the story curiosity and striking has attracted the attention of its listeners, readers and viewers. In writing fiction, the strategies on most relied included the structure of the fiction. Structuralism is looking for parallels, echoes, contrast, repetitions, reflections and patterns in the text. When fiction is adapted in Films, the structure of the story is most important and basic as compare to other elements of story. At the time of adapting the story of fiction in a film, if the structure choose correctly then the success of the film is inevitable. This selection is made according to the type of story, their needs and preferences. The change from one structure of understanding to another is not a rupture but a modification of the concerns and interests that are already in place.
Keywords: Fiction, Film, Story, Structure, Dialogue, Narrative, Social existence
Class struggle in “Aag ka Darya”
Full text linkIn Urdu, “Aag ka Darya” written by Quratul ain Haider is a novel with a unique structure, the story of which begins two and a half thousand years ago and ends in the middle of the twentieth century ... but with the impression that like the waves of a flowing river, this story will continue to flow. ... Perhaps forever ... And after the complete end of the universe, if the earth and the sky are reborn, this story will also begin again This story can be divided into four periods: the first period belongs to the time of Chandragupta Maurya (four hundred years BC). The second period begins with the end of the Lodhi Empire and the arrival of the Mughals, while the third period belongs to the time of the East India Company. The fourth and final period of the novel begins around 1930 and continues until 1950. The first three periods are related to the theory of civilization and historical foundations of the author. The importance of this theoretical part is in its place, but the last and fourth period of the book is a complete novel in itself, which examines the lives of the characters in the light of the political and social movements that emerged in the first half of the twentieth century, bringing us to the stage of the Partition of India (1947). In this novel, different civilizations are interconnected. This article has been written in this context.
Key Words: “Aag ka Darya”, Quratul ain Haider, Two and a half thousand years, Chandragupta Maurya, civilization and historical, 1947
Exoticizing the Familiar: Self-Othering in In Other Rooms, Other Wonders
Full text linkDaniyal Mueenudeen’s In Other Rooms, Other Wonders has been investigated under the theoretical framework of Re-orientalism presented by Lisa Lau and Ana Christina Mendes. The purpose of this research is to find out re-oriental elements from the text of this book. To investigate and find re-oriental elements from the text, qualitative research has been used. The use of qualitative research in this study serves the objective of providing a comprehensive explanation of the text. Researcher has done textual analysis of the text. Textual analysis of seven short stories from the book has been done through the lens of re-orientalism. It is investigated in this research that how global literary market demands affected this writing? Anglophone Pakistani writers gained importance in global literary market in recent decades for carrying the occidental agenda of orientalism. Diasporic writers aim at repudiating the colonial disparagements and denunciation of colonial representation of South Asia and Pakistan but these writings are exhibiting damaging process of re-orientalism. After investigating Daniyal Mueenudeen’s In Other Rooms, Other Wonders through re-orientalist point of view researcher finds all re-oriental elements in these short stories. Mueenudeen portrays a negative falsified image of Pakistan. He creates a dichotomy between America and Pakistan through implicit and explicit comparisons between America and Pakistan. The writing has been influenced by global themes, narrative techniques, and the rising interest in the global literary market. This research highlights the elements serving imperialistic agenda consciously or unconsciously. This research is valuable for future researchers as it helps them to find occidental agenda in Anglophone Pakistani writing and exposes imperialistic motivation behind these literary productions. This study exposes international propaganda against Pakistan and Islam, promoting a nuanced understanding and presenting a balanced global discourse.
Keywords: Re-Orientalism, Self-Othering, Cultural Marginalization, Diasporic Representation, Pakistani Literature, Orientalism, Postcolonial Critiqu
An Analytical Study of Surah Al-Kahf in Light of Hasan al-Ta’wil fi al-Tafsir wa al-Tanzil: Insights into the Narratives of the People of the Cave, Gog and Magog, and Dhu al-Qarnayn
Full text linkSurah Al-Kahf, the 18th chapter of the Holy Qur'an, is a Meccan surah comprising 110 verses. It addresses profound themes of faith, trials, divine wisdom, and the unseen. Revealed during the early period of Islam, this surah answers questions posed by the Quraysh (based on queries from the Jews) to test the authenticity of the Prophet Muhammad’s (PBUH) prophethood. The Surah presents four major narratives: the Companions of the Cave, the Owner of the Two Gardens, the story of Moses (Musa) and Khidr, and the story of Dhul-Qarnain. Among these, the tales of the Companions of the Cave, Gog and Magog (Yajuj and Majuj), and Dhul-Qarnain are particularly striking due to their mysterious and timeless nature. These stories serve not only as historical or spiritual lessons but also as allegories of trials in faith, knowledge, power, and leadership.
Keywords: Al-Kahf , Tafseer, Ayat al-Ahkam, Islamic Shari'ah, Human Societies, Dhul-Qarnain.
Surah Al-Kahf, the 18th chapter of the Qur’an, holds a profound position in Islamic thought due to its thematic relevance to faith, trials, knowledge, power, and divine wisdom. Hasan al-Ta’wil fi al-Tafsir wa al-Tanzil, as a classical interpretative source, offers a reflective and layered understanding of the Qur’anic text, emphasizing both the exoteric (ẓāhir) and esoteric (bāṭin) meanings. When the narratives of Surah Al-Kahf—such as the People of the Cave, Gog and Magog, and Dhu al-Qarnayn—are analyzed through the lens of Hasan al-Ta’wil, new dimensions of insight emerge that connect spiritual reflection with social, moral, and eschatological realities
Abida Sheikh in the Mirror of the Rubaiyat of "Bal Wapar"
Full text linkThe current research explored the impact of an instructional strategy known as the ‘flipped classroom’ on the development of speaking skills among ESL learners. Guided by the constructivist learning theory framework, the researcher employed an experimental approach to assess the impact of the flipped classroom on ESL learners’ speaking skills. The experimental group received instruction through the flipped classroom model, while the participants in control group were given instructions through traditional lecture method. Both groups were given pre-tests and post-tests to measure the participants’ speaking abilities in the four components of fluency, coherence, pronunciation, interactive communication, and proficiency. Analysis of the quantitative data collected revealed that students in the experimental group improved in all aspects of speaking skills than the control group. The study also found the effectiveness of the flipped classroom in promoting self-directed learning, enhancing communicative language pedagogy, and facilitating a shift towards student-centered learning. These findings carry significant pedagogical implications for ESL educators, suggesting that incorporating flipped approaches into language instruction can provide richer opportunities for spoken language practice and more effective skill development.
Keywords: Flipped classroom, ESL learners, critical thinking, constructivism, learner autonomy, language pedagog
The Use of Alliteration Words in the Poetry of Makhdoom Talbil Moalla (An Analytical Analysis)
Full text linkMakhdoom talbil moalla was resident at popular Handicraft city Halla. He was a politician, socialist, religious, leader and was literal person. he was religious leader of his erra of his four father hazrat nooh rahmatullah allaih and also a leader of people's parliamentary party. Along with others qualities he had a literature quality. he was also a chairman of (Abdi bord). In the field of literature, he had an affection with (KAFI). Many times, he had called the gatherings and conferences collecting of knowledge about kafi writing in different books. By maintaining effecting with kafi he collects the collection of kafi namely (chhaper meen chhariyoon) published in 2004AD. IN it there are with many qualities one of silenced use of alliterations words. That is my aim of written acritical hope below objectives will be achieved:
To explain the qualities of poetry
To know about rhythm for the font of singing
To create the research work for new researcher
د برحليمه افسانه په شاعرۍ کښې سماجي ستونزې
No full textBar Haleema Afsana is one of the most important female poet of Malakand division belongs to district Swat Shahdara village. She wrote poetry collection named Da Afsaney Diwan. In her poetry there is a reflection of the Pashton society. She describe the problem face by the people of Swat in her poetry. This paper is a study of many problem of Pashton society in Bar Haleema Afsana poetry
A Psycholinguistic Analysis of TV Play 24 Ghantay written by Usama Siddiq: A Nietzschean Model
Full text linkThis investigation delves into the psycholinguistic examination of the Pakistani TV drama "24 Ghantay" utilizing a Nietzschean framework. The main goals are to reveal the protagonist's struggle with the concepts of good and evil, analyze the representation of human duality, outline the moral standards and ambiguities presented in the drama, and investigate psychological tensions and identity crises. Utilizing a Nietzschean framework facilitates a more profound exploration of existential themes, including the will to power, eternal recurrence, and the Übermensch, in relation to the narrative of the drama. This analysis of linguistic patterns, character interactions, and narrative elements seeks to uncover the psychological dynamics and philosophical implications that underpin the protagonist's journey. This investigation enhances our understanding of psycholinguistics and Nietzschean studies, providing valuable perspectives on the intricacies of human nature and morality as reflected in Pakistani cultural outputs.
Keywords: Narratology, Stylistics, Psycholinguistics, Pakistani drama, Thematic analysis, Nietzschean Mode
The Socio-Cultural Transformations Associated with CPEC
Full text linkPeople's lives change with the evolution of the social and cultural dimension. We can analyze social and cultural impacts one by one within each story and project setting because they inevitably contain positive and negative effects. The development of ports infrastructure railway lines and airports together with other endurance-based projects forms part of such initiatives. Through its prolonged duration these projects enable developing nations to acquire employment and essential living facilities on their path to becoming developed nations. These developments force the people to adapt various social-economic and socio-cultural systems. A strong strategic approach necessarily transforms the lives of human beings because any other outcome leads to negative effects. China and Pakistan reached a Memorandum of Diplomatic Peace Cooperation through the CPEC framework. Gwadar port agreements reduce the ability of the President to decide about national strategies. Both countries can establish enduring mutual relationships through improved social cooperation which will result in benefits for their peoples. Many additional projects have been signed between China and Gwadar port at the completion of CPEC. CPEC stands as a long-term Chinese initiative.
Keywords: Social and cultural development Long-lasting projects, Socio-cultural, Strengthen ties, better facilities