MacEwan Open Journals (MacEwan University)
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Gender Roles in Corrections: How Gendered Expectations Impact Female Correctional Officers
No full textCompared to other organizations within the criminal justice system, the world of corrections is hidden from public view, and therefore, quickly forgotten. However, like many of these male-dominated organizations, there are significant issues regarding gender and women\u27s roles in the job. With the considerable lack of research regarding correctional officers within Canada and the relatively small percentage of women in the correctional workforce, it is vital to expand this topic to understand the complication of a gendered role. Research has shown gendered issues among female correctional officers and the lack of the support they may receive. With all these persistent issues, we ask ourselves, why do women continue a career path that appears to be working against them? More specifically, how does gender influence women\u27s experience in long-term careers in corrections? To answer this, I conducted in-depth qualitative interviews with women who maintained long-term roles in Correctional Service Canada (CSC). This presentation will discuss these women\u27s gendered experiences working within a masculine organization, how their gender affected their relationships and job expectations, and how CSC may view them
Predicting the Future of Human-Coyote Interactions in Edmonton Using Differential Equations
No full textIn this paper, a system of differential equations is formulated to study the issue of human-coyote interactions in Edmonton. The system’s asymptotic behaviour is examined to predict the size of the coyote population in the future, as well as the number of bold coyotes and individuals concerned about coyotes. These values are shown to stabilize, indicating a need for better management to fully eliminate bold coyote behaviour
Same Author, Same Stories, Different Unity: A Close Comparative Reading of a Selection of Stories from Raymond Carver\u27s What We Talk About When We Talk About Love and Beginners
No full textThis essay provides a close comparative reading of three stories from Raymond Carver’s short story cycles Beginners and What We Talk About When We Talk About Love. A working definition of short story cycles is developed and referenced in the evaluations of these stories—this definition utilizes literary scholar Gerald Lynch’s work on the sub-genre. The close comparative analyses of “Why Don’t You Dance?”, “One More Thing”, and “Gazebo” reveal that both collections meet the criteria of short story cycles, however, Beginners has a stronger unity that achieved through its shared themes. This supports the argument that Carver’s editor, Gordon Lish, exchanged Carver’s unity of theme in Beginners for a weaker unity of style in What We Talk About
Cannabis Legalization in Canada and Combatting the Illicit Cannabis Market
No full textDespite the elimination of the illegal cannabis market being a fundamental element to cannabis legalization, as outlined in the Cannabis Act (S.C. 2018, c. 16), the Canadian federal government\u27s efforts have had a mild impact in mitigating its influence. In analyzing possible contributions to the illicit sector\u27s sustainability, these factors are in large part due to the federal government failing to understand consumer behaviours in recreational cannabis usage, as evidenced by lack of accommodation for frequent users, pricing and quality of legal cannabis compared to illegal cannabis, alongside faulty enforcement of cannabis law due to issues of conciseness and discretionary powers between the police and federal government. However, there are some suggestions that could better help the federal government in achieving its goal of combatting the illegal cannabis market. The potential amendments to cannabis policy include lowering tax on legal cannabis to better compete with illegal cannabis at the market level while refocusing on addressing public health concerns through promoting the safety of legal cannabis, controlling accessibility of legal cannabis, and providing public education regarding cannabis consumption. If done correctly, each amendment made would address the flaws within cannabis policy, allowing the Canadian federal government to combat the illegal cannabis market more efficiently
How to be the Best Influencer: The Impact of Personality, Audience Perceptions, and Narcissism on Social Media Influencing
No full textSocial media influencers (influencers) are individuals who have built followings on social media platforms by sharing content with their audience and can be paid to do so through promotional posts and partnerships with brands and businesses. Social media influencing has grown into a lucrative career for people worldwide. But which factors are essential to optimize your social media growth online? This paper reviews how specific personality characteristics, audience perceptions, and narcissism play a role in the success of social media influencers and how to utilize social media to create success in social media influencing
Decolonization and Restorative Justice: Addressing Canada’s Indigenous Incarceration
No full textMass incarceration of Indigenous people has been well documented in Canadian prisons. It represents a national crisis resulting from the government\u27s failure to eradicate the ongoing colonization problem and poses a threat to the sustainability of Indigenous people and their communities. The government\u27s response includes the landmark Gladue decision, which essentially recognized mass incarceration as a crisis and required judges to consider the background of Indigenous offenders when sentencing, as well as the process of decolonizing the prison by introducing programs that teach Indigenous culture and history. However, both these responses have not effectively addressed the problem. In this paper, I argue that the Canadian government\u27s response to the over-incarceration of Indigenous people represents a human rights issue that the Gladue Report has not alleviated because the report has not been implemented in a meaningful manner during bail hearing or sentencing. Therefore, the government should consider an alternative measure that returns to the traditional Indigenous law through the implementation of restorative justice, which has been proven to be effective
Battle Grounds: The Female Body as a Site of War
No full textOn February 24, 2022, Russia escalated the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian war to a full-blown invasion of Ukraine. As a war tactic, Putin endorses gender-based violence by employing rape rhetoric to frame Ukraine as a powerless woman, and to demand the submissiveness that he believes is owed to him. To elucidate the socio-political forces behind gender-based violence as a war tactic, I reveal the relationship between traditional gender roles in Eastern Europe and how they establish the female body as the property of a nation. Through the examination of relevant literature, I draw a theoretical perspective that identifies the female body as nationalized, objectified as property, and inscribed as a site of violence. Applying this lens to the invasion of Ukraine, I identify the social and political forces that allow Russian soldiers to objectify the Ukrainian female body as a battle ground on which national wars are fought. Further, I discuss how gender-based violence, while apparent during peacetime, becomes amplified during conflict, and how this violence physically inscribes the Ukrainian female body as “Other.” To conclude, I discuss how the lived experiences of Ukrainian women become embodied through fear, yet silenced through the ongoing nature of this war, and I pose several questions that aim at creating space for women to share their painful experiences as an act of liberation
Strategic Communications in the Global Security Environment: StratCom’s Shift of the Balance of Power
No full textThe public-facing aspect of national defence communications is a lesser understood organizational function of militaries around the world. Though conventional propaganda and diplomacy efforts date back centuries, the modern approach to military Strategic Communications (StratCom) is a murky, fast-evolving discipline that is not well understood by the public. As such, the topic bears further examination due to its vital importance in achieving defensive and strategic military objectives. Through defining StratCom’s function and the contexts that led to its inception, this paper gives an overview of how StratCom has been useful for the U.S. and its Western allies in their navigation of a tense, nuclearized global security environment. Thereafter, through examining the new ways these strategies are employed in our hyper-connected world, this paper demonstrates that the West’s adversaries have leveraged StratCom to tip the scales of hard power in the contemporary hybrid war environment
Characterizing semi-Dirichlet Algebras and their Graphs
No full textIn this paper, we relate certain finite-dimensional operator algebras to graphs and define their equivalent properties. Using these graph\u27s properties, we will determine which algebras are semi-Dirichlet and how many non-unitarily similar semi-Dirichlet algebras there are corresponding to graphs with up to five vertices