ReDivia - Repositorio Digital de l'Instit Valencià d'Investigacions Agràries
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Detección rápida de las tres especies de begomovirus que infectan tomate en Panamá mediante amplificación isotérmica mediada por bucle
Get PDFCharacteristics Defining Broccoli Cultivars from Different Seed Producers
Get PDFBroccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. italica) is currently considered a main vegetable food in the markets due to its high nutritional value, containing elevated levels of phytochemicals widely described to have beneficial effects against cancer and other illnesses. Broccoli is an interesting crop with a high commercial value because it complements the tomato industry, the main agricultural income in Badajoz, Spain. Nine varieties of broccoli from four nurseries were evaluated by analyzing both agronomic and quality parameters. Total yield and number of harvests were monitored. Parameters defining quality like diameter, weight, and height of the heads were determined. Granulometry, compactness, and the presence of internal leaves in the heads were also analyzed. Diameter and height of sprouts were complementarily estimated. Principal component analysis was further employed to investigate the relationship between the agronomic variables and the cultivars and nurseries. Results revealed that both first and second principal components explained more than 75% of the variance and grouped data according their cultivar and commercial origin. Additionally, correlations between the scores of those components and the values of the phenotypic parameters suggested that head weights are main determinants of the phenotypic differences observed among the cultivars whereas the presence of internal leaves and granulometry and head weight appear to be key traits defining nurseries
Changes in anthocyanin production during domestication of Citrus
Get PDFMandarin (Citrus reticulata), citron (Citrus medica), and pummelo (Citrus maxima) are important species of the genus Citrus and parents of the interspecific hybrids that constitute the most familiar commercial varieties of Citrus: sweet orange, sour orange, clementine, lemon, lime, and grapefruit. Citron produces anthocyanins in its young leaves and flowers, as do species in genera closely related to Citrus, but mandarins do not, and pummelo varieties that produce anthocyanins have not been reported. We investigated the activity of the Ruby gene, which encodes a MYB transcription factor controlling anthocyanin biosynthesis, in different accessions of a range of Citrus species and in domesticated cultivars. A white mutant of lemon lacks functional alleles of Ruby, demonstrating that Ruby plays an essential role in anthocyanin production in Citrus. Almost all the natural variation in pigmentation by anthocyanins in Citrus species can be explained by differences in activity of the Ruby gene, caused by point mutations and deletions and insertions of transposable elements. Comparison of the allelic constitution of Ruby in different species and cultivars also helps to clarify many of the taxonomic relationships in different species of Citrus, confirms the derivation of commercial varieties during domestication, elucidates the relationships within the subgenus Papeda, and allows a new genetic classification of mandarins
Epidemiology of peach powdery mildew (Podosphaera pannosa) in Catalonia, Spain: towards a degree-day model to initiate fungicide spray programmes
Get PDFInterference between variants of peach latent mosaic viroid reveals novel features of its fitness landscape: implications for detection
Get PDFNatural populations of peach latent mosaic viroid (PLMVd) are complex mixtures of variants. During routine testing, TaqMan rtRT-PCR and RNA gel-blot hybridization produced discordant results with some PLMVd isolates. Analysis of the corresponding populations showed that they were exclusively composed of variants (of class II) with a structural domain different from that of the reference and many other variants (of class I) targeted by the TaqMan rtRT-PCR probe. Bioassays in peach revealed that a representative PLMVd variant of class II replicated without symptoms, generated a progeny with low nucleotide diversity, and, intriguingly, outcompeted a representative symptomatic variant of class I when co-inoculated in equimolecular amounts. A number of informative positions associated with the higher fitness of variants of class II have been identified, and novel sets of primers and probes for universal or specific TaqMan rtRT-PCR detection of PLMVd variants have been designed and tested
Efecto a largo plazo de diferentes sistemas de laboreo sobre la biomasa de malas hierbas en una rotación cereal-leguminosa
Get PDFLos datos que se muestran en el presente trabajo fueron recogidos durante 5 campañas agrícolas, en un
experimento de campo de larga duración, ubicado en la finca El Encín (Alcalá de Henares, Madrid) e iniciado en 1985,
y que consiste en una rotación de trigo de invierno y leguminosa para forraje, bajo diferentes sistemas de laboreo (convencional,
mínimo y siembra directa), en condiciones de secano. El objetivo ha sido evaluar el efecto de los sistemas
de laboreo sobre la biomasa de las malas hierbas. Nuestros resultados indican que el efecto del laboreo depende del
cultivo en rotación. Podemos concluir que existe un efecto del tipo de laboreo sobre la biomasa de las malas hierbas en
la rotación de veza pero no en la rotación de trigo
Does host quality dictate the outcome of interference competition between sympatric parasitoids? Effects on their coexistence
Get PDFThe suitability and quality of herbivorous insect hosts for hymenopteran parasitoids is dynamic, varying with host development. Generally, within a host species, large hosts (i. e. older instars) are considered of higher quality for parasitoid development. Studies of interspecific competition between parasitoids have considered the effect of host instar on indirect competition but its effect on interference competition remains unknown. Here, we report the first results on whether the quality of host instars might dictate the outcome of interference competition between sympatric parasitoids of the genus Aphytis (Hymenoptera: Aphelinidae) when they attack low-quality (second) and high-quality (third) instars of their common host Aonidiella aurantii (Hemiptera: Diaspididae). Oviposition behaviour (host acceptance and clutch size) in low-and high-quality host instars was similar for both Aphytis species in the absence of competition. When they found heterospecific parasitized hosts of high quality, Aphytis melinus laid more eggs and accepted significantly more hosts than Aphytis chrysomphali, whereas there were no significant differences in the low-quality instar. This result suggests that interference competition is mediated by host quality. However, the progeny proportion of both parasitoids in multiparasitized hosts (outcome of competition) was independent of host quality and A. melinus always emerged at higher rates. Therefore, the result of interference competition between these sympatric parasitoids was not affected by host quality and this competition will contribute to the displacement of the native A. chrysomphali by the introduced A. melinus, which has been observed in some areas of the Mediterranean basin. (C) 2017 The Association for the Study of Animal Behaviour. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved
