Asian Journal of Convergence in Technology
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Solar Operated Weather Forecasting Station
Get PDFThe electrical energy generated by PV systems depends mainly on the available solar radiation reaching the PV modules. Tracking systems ensure that the sun's rays fall perpendicular on the active surface of the PV module. Improving the efficiency of solar panels is the main task of solar energy generation. One of the methods is a solar tracking system. The most critical parameters of tracking systems is a precise orientation to the sun. This paper presents the outline and execution of a simple, easy and cheaper automatic, Aurdino based single-axis solar tracking for weather forecasting station application.
In this paper, single-axis solar trackers' performance based on schedule and light-dependent resistor (LDR) photosensors and a stationary photovoltaic installation in various weather conditions has compared. A comparative analysis of the operation of a manufactured schedule solar tracker and an LDR solar tracker in different weather conditions for one year has performed; also, a simple method for determining the rotation angle of a solar tracker based on the encoder has proposed
A Comparative Study of DG Impacts on Power System Stability under Equal and Unequal Load Growth Scenarios
Get PDFThe distributed generation (DG) technology is developed to meet the increasing load demand at a load centre by exploring locally available energy sources, including renewables. Although DG technology offers many technical and economic benefits, certain issues need further research. The impact of DG penetration on the system’s stability is one such issue that requires significant attention in power system research. This study investigates the impact of DG penetration on the system’s small-signal and transient stability under equal and unequal load growth scenarios. The unequal load growth condition is simulated by employing an orthogonal array (OA), and the impact of DG penetration on small-signal stability is analyzed through critical eigenvalues while time-domain indicators were employed to analyze transient stability. The importance of unequal load growth conditions while evaluating the impact of DG penetration on stability is demonstrated on a 3 generators, 9 bus WSCC power system
Low-cost implementation of IEC 61850 based Substation Automation System in conventional hard wired 132 KV class Power Substations
Get PDFThe operation, control and protection of EHV substations have benefited immensely from advancements in electronics, computers, information and communications technology. The use of IEC61850 compliant digital protection relays, digital energy meters, smart monitoring devices and other smart interactive IEDs are being extensively used in all EHV substations. The integration and convergence of developments in computer, communication, electronics technologies with power system control and protection have revolutionized the way substations are now being operated. Nowadays, 400 KV and above voltage class new EHV substations of Indian central and state utilities are invariably being designed with IEC61850 based SAS. However, new 132 KV class substations are still constructed without Substation Automation System owing to substantial cost implication SAS. Further, for the same reason a majority of old EHV substations in Indian power utilities could not be provided with SAS so far. This paper presents a case study on low-cost implementation of IEC 61850 based substation automation in old and smaller conventional hard wired 132 KV substations and thus converting them into smart substations. The paper begins with a brief description of a typical 132 KV class substation, followed by an introduction to Substation Automation system and IEC 61850 based SAS. Thereafter, the paper discusses design aspects of implementation of economically optimized SAS in conventional hard-wired Substations and discusses benefits of implementation of SAS in 132 KV class Substations. The paper concludes with a discussion of the benefits of adoption of IEC 61850 based substation automation system in conventional EHV substations.  
Design and implementation of stand-alone solar home system with electrical fencing
Get PDFUtilization of off-grid solar PV system is one of the availability approaches that can provide electricity to these villages from the remote area or mini grid home load system design for future purposeng to design and application of off-grid solar PV system, valued experience was gotten for popularizing off-grid solar PV system in the remote area of home load . which played an important exemplary role for utilization of solar energy in future. For remote area home/house security is very important. House is one of the basic needs of human being. A system is to be proposed which will protect the home from animals / birds, as which enter the house. A Solar / electric fence is provided around the home to protect the house from animal /birds/unknown human, so that they should not enter the house. If anyone touches electric fencing then a text message is sent to the owner’s mobile by the use of GSM. This research offers harmless and user-friendly home security for better security
THIRD EYE FOR BLIND
Get PDFVision is the most beautiful and important gift from God to all his creatures especially for human beings. But unfortunately there are some people who lack this beauty and are unable to capture the beauty of this world from their own eyes. Third eye for blind is a development which involves various areas such as, software engineering, hardware designing and science that enables visually impaired persons to see and explore the world confidently and independently by recognising the neighbouring objects by using ultrasonic waves and inform the person with a beep ring or vibration. As per WHO(world health organisation) 2.2 billion people suffer from vision impairment. They are facing troubles in their lifestyle. This device can act as an innovation for the visually impaired people. From a lot of advantages we found the property of being reasonable within a limited cost, a very important merit of the project. The Arduino Pro Mini 328 board is tied like a band. This is provided with ultrasonic sensor, consisting of module. By utilising this sensor-module, the person is able to see the objects near them and can travel effectively. At any point where this sensor senses any object, it informs the person by beep-sound or vibration. In this way this becomes a computerized gadget. Accordingly this gadget will be of utmost use for the blind people and can allow them to move from any place with confidence
ABHAY KISAAN: Aiding Farmers with AI
Get PDFAbhay Kisaan is a project aimed at protecting the integrity of farmers by developing three modules for their benevolence. The first module is a crop recommender system which recommends crops based on climate and soil conditions. The second module is a weed detection system which detects the exact location and presence of weed in an image of a top view crop field. Weed growth can hamper crop development and hence must be detected and removed at once. The third module is Prediction of various crop diseases using images and analyzing its cause to present it as evidence for a faulty fertilizer or inclement weather. Accuracy of the models are 95will be presented as an android application
Enhancing Inertia of a Grid Connected PV System to Improve Frequency Regulation and Stability
Get PDFPower generation from solar photovoltaics is rapidly increasing. In this scenario, this new technology has to work with the existing system in tandem to maintain stability during contingencies as it is a low inertia system. The interfacing power electronics devices have to be designed in such a way that the integration of the photovoltaic (PV) to the Grid is to be taken care during the disturbances. This paper presents the various issues when the PV penetration is comparable with the system capacity. The frequency of the system drops more in the PV-Grid connected system than the conventional generation system for same disturbance. Also, the frequency regulation methods get affected. The mode of operation of the inverter might be altered. An auxiliary source like batteries, ultra-capacitors is being suggested to balance the power for successful operation during abnormalities. In spite of this, many authors had developed new control techniques to mimic the interfacing inverter like conventional generating unit. The basic concepts of these methods have not explained in most of the literature. This paper reviews the concepts and applications of these methods and compares them.  
Application of data mining techniques for avoiding underestimation of an event
Get PDFMedical records comprise varied data types; artificial intelligence and data-mining methods (DMTs) are useful to draw insights and patterns. Several scholars claim that there is no universal way of addressing diagnosis issues, and a mixed model is desirable to resolve these concerns. In this paper, the authors compare the proven approaches and propose a framework to integrate the findings from various techniques to evade Type 2 and Type 1 errors. The dataset chosen for this purpose includes medical data on HPV disease. Two sets of dataset – disease and treatment dataset and features found significant from ensemble method – the random forest were used and to predict the disease. The results show that traditional methods such as Logistic Regression(LR) performed better with features found significant using Random Forest(RF). However, this approach fails when the dichotomy of data (i.e., disease or no disease) is not distinct. Decision Tree(DT) analysis shows consistent performance across all variants of the dataset chosen in this paper. The paper suggests an amalgamation of association rules and a prediction approach (with or without integration) that provides higher accuracy. 
Krashignyan: A Farmer Support System
Get PDFAgriculture is the primary component of the Indian economy. It is the primary source of food supply and is essential to our livelihoods. The majority of Indians rely on agriculture for their employment. Agriculture production declines as a result of unpredictable weather, wrong selection of crops, unbalanced fertilizer use, and a lack of market awareness. Farmers face numerous challenges in traditional farming, and many times, farmers fail to select the appropriate crop for cultivation. Crop growth is affected by a variety of factors such as weather, soil parameters, and fertilizers. A crop recommendation system is proposed in this paper to assist farmers in selecting the appropriate crop based on the location, weather data, crop sowing season, and soil parameter. Various Machine Learning techniques, such as Decision Tree (DT), Random Forest (RF), Gaussian Naive Bayes, and XGBoost Classifier methods, were used for recommendation. The XGBoost classifier gives the best results with a 97% accuracy, hence the final model was developed using the XGBoost classifier. This system will help farmers in selecting the best crop for their fields while increasing agricultural yield
IoT Enabled Notice Board
Get PDFThis paper deals with the implementation of software tools and the whole framework for IoT Enabled Notice Board. Notice boards can change the way people communicate with each other, providing important information to large people at the right time. Notice boards are used extensively in schools, colleges, hospitals, railway stations, hotels, malls, etc. The developed system includes the notice board being connected to a local server running on Raspberry Pi 24*7. The notice to be displayed can be sent via the developed Android application or from the webpage. The data is then sent onto the server where it is pushed in a backend MySQL database. From the database, the contents of the notice are then displayed on the Monitor. The system provides an authentication layer to avoid any unauthorized activities since the target audience for the prototype developed is mainly schools and colleges